1 ARST Then Yahweh spoke to Aaron and Moses. He said, BSB BSB: The LORD spoke again to Moses and Aaron, telling them,
2 ARST “Tell the people of Israel that, out of all the animals that live on dry land, the following animals are the ones that they may eat. BSB BSB: “Say to the Israelites, ‘Of all the beasts of the earth, these ones you may eat:
3 ARST { This is the rule:} any animal that has hooves(and those hooves are completely cloven) and also chews the cud— these are the types of animals that are acceptable to eat. BSB BSB: You may eat any animal that has a split hoof completely divided and that chews the cud.
4 ARST However, there are some animals that have one of these traits but not both. These types of animals are not acceptable to eat. For example, camels{ are not acceptable to eat} because, while they chew the cud, they do not have a completely cloven hoof. The people of Israel should consider any animal like this to be impure and unacceptable for eating. BSB BSB: But of those that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, you are not to eat the following: The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
5 ARST Likewise, rock badgers are not acceptable to eat because, while they chew the cud, they do not have completely cloven hooves,{ because they do not have hooves at all}. The people of Israel should also consider any animal like this to be impure and unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: The rock badger, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
6 ARST Rabbits also are unacceptable to eat because, while they chew the cud, they do not have completely cloven hooves,{ because they also do not have hooves at all}. The people of Israel should also consider any animal like a rabbit to be impure and unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
8 ARST No Israelite should ever eat any meat from these animals. They should not even touch their dead bodies. Rather, the people of Israel should consider all of these types of animals to be impure and unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.
9 ARST Now, out of all the types of creatures that live in water, these are the ones that the people of Israel may eat.{ This is the rule:} The people of Israel may eat anything that lives in water that has both fins and scales, whether in the ocean or in a freshwater stream. BSB BSB: Of all the creatures that live in the water, whether in the seas or in the streams, you may eat anything with fins and scales.
10 ARST However, there are many animals that live in the ocean or in freshwater streams but do not have both fins and scales. Whether they are smaller, swarming creatures or larger ones, these types of creatures should disgust the people of Israel. They should consider them to be completely unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: But the following among all the teeming life and creatures in the water are detestable to you: everything in the seas or streams that does not have fins and scales.
11 ARST Because these creatures should disgust the people of Israel, the people of Israel should never eat meat from any of these creatures. Their dead bodies should also disgust them. BSB BSB: They shall be an abomination to you; you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.
12 ARST Once again,{ this is the rule:} the people of Israel should consider any creature that lives in the water but does not have both fins and scales to be disgusting. They should consider this kind of animal to be completely unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales shall be detestable to you.
13 ARST Now, these are some examples of the types of birds that should disgust the people of Israel. They should never eat these birds but rather consider them disgusting. These birds include predatory birds of large to medium size that sometimes eat dead animals. BSB BSB: Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,
15 ARST In addition to those types of birds of prey, such as hawks,{ the people of Israel should consider disgusting} all birds that inhabit desolate places. These might include birds such as owls, ostriches, and even bats. Likewise, the people of Israel should avoid certain waterbirds of large to medium size, specifically those that wade or hunt in water. Finally, any birds that occupy or hunt near excrement, such as hoopoes, should disgust the people of Israel.{ These are the types of birds that the people of Israel should consider completely unacceptable for eating.} BSB BSB: any kind of raven,
20 ARST The people of Israel should also consider any kind of flying insect that swarms and has four legs to be disgusting and completely unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: All flying insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you.
21 ARST However, the people of Israel may eat any flying insect that both swarms and has four legs, if its legs are jointed and the insect jumps about on the ground. BSB BSB: However, you may eat the following kinds of flying insects that walk on all fours: those having jointed legs above their feet for hopping on the ground.
22 ARST For example, these are some examples of the types of insects that the people of Israel may eat. They may eat any kind of locust, any kind of bald locust, any kind of cricket, and any kind of grasshopper. BSB BSB: Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket, or grasshopper.
23 ARST But the people of Israel should consider any other winged insect that swarms and also has four legs to be disgusting and completely unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: All other flying insects that have four legs are detestable to you.
24 ARST These types of unacceptable and impure animals and insects will make the people of Israel impure. Anyone who touches their dead bodies will make themself impure{ so that they cannot touch sacred objects or enter into holy space} until the evening of the day when they touched one of these animals or insects. BSB BSB: These creatures will make you unclean. Whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,
25 ARST Anyone who picks up one of their dead bodies should wash his clothes to purify himself from the impurity of the dead animal or insect. That person will be impure{ and should not touch sacred objects or enter into holy space} until the evening of the day when he touched the dead animal or insect. BSB BSB: and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening.
26 ARST Remember, the people of Israel should consider impure and unacceptable any animal that, while having hooves, does not have completely cloven hooves or does not also chew the cud. Anyone who touches one of these animals will make themself impure as well. BSB BSB: Every animal with hooves not completely divided or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. Whoever touches any of them will be unclean.
27 ARST Likewise, out of all the animals that have four legs, the people of Israel should consider any animal that has paws impure and unacceptable to eat. Anyone who touches the dead body of one of these animals will make themself impure{ and should not touch any other person or any sacred object or enter into any sacred space} until the evening of the day when he touched the dead animal. BSB BSB: All the four-footed animals that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,
28 ARST Anyone who picks up one of the dead bodies of any of these animals should wash his clothes{ to purify themself from the impurity of the animal' s dead body}. That person will be impure{ and so should not touch other people or sacred objects or enter into any sacred space} until the evening of the day when they touched the animal' s dead body. For this reason, the people of Israel should consider these animals to be impure and not acceptable to eat. BSB BSB: and anyone who picks up a carcass must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. They are unclean for you.
29 ARST Out of all the animals that swarm on the ground, these are the ones that the people of Israel should consider to be impure: rats, mice, any kind of large lizard, BSB BSB: The following creatures that move along the ground are unclean for you: the mole, the mouse, any kind of great lizard,
30 ARST geckos, spotted lizards, newts, skinks, and chameleons. BSB BSB: the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the skink, and the chameleon.
31 ARST Remember, out of all the animals that swarm, the people of Israel should consider these types of animals to be impure and unacceptable to eat. Anyone who touches one of them after it has died will make themself impure{ so that person should not touch anyone else or any sacred object or enter into any sacred space} until the evening of the day when he touched the animal' s dead body. BSB BSB: These animals are unclean for you among all the crawling creatures. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until evening.
32 ARST Likewise, it may happen that one of these impure animals or insects falls onto something after it has died. If this happens, that object will become impure. Whether it is wood, cloth, leather, or burlap, if it is something that the people of Israel use for domestic purposes, whoever owns the object should soak it in water. The people of Israel should consider the object to be impure until the evening of the day on which the animal' s dead body fell onto it. After that evening, whoever owns the object should consider it be to clean{ and acceptable to use for its intended purpose}. BSB BSB: When one of them dies and falls on something, that article becomes unclean; any article of wood, clothing, leather, sackcloth, or any implement used for work must be rinsed with water and will remain unclean until evening; then it will be clean.
33 ARST It may happen that one of these impure animals or insects falls into a clay pot. If this happens, the people of Israel should consider everything in the pot to be impure. Whoever owns the pot should shatter it. BSB BSB: If any of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean; you must break the pot.
34 ARST It may also happen that the water from a clay pot into which an impure animal or insect has fallen happens to come into contact with anything edible. If this happens, that food will also be impure{ and no one should eat it}. This is because once an impure animal or insect comes into contact with any drinkable liquid that is in a pot, that liquid also becomes impure. BSB BSB: Any food coming into contact with water from that pot will be unclean, and any drink in such a container will be unclean.
35 ARST Any object onto which the dead body of any of these impure animals or insects falls will also become impure. Whether the dead body falls onto an oven or a small stove, whoever owns the object should smash it to pieces. The people of Israel should consider that object to be impure and unacceptable for its original intended purpose. It will not cease to be impure but will remain impure. BSB BSB: Anything upon which one of their carcasses falls will be unclean. If it is an oven or cooking pot, it must be smashed; it is unclean and will remain unclean for you.
36 ARST However,{ it may happen that the dead body of one of these impure animals or insects falls into} a spring or any system for collecting and storing water. If this happens, the water that comes out of it is still pure.{ The people of Israel may drink it}. Nonetheless, anyone who touches one of those dead bodies will still become impure. BSB BSB: Nevertheless, a spring or cistern containing water will remain clean, but one who touches a carcass in it will be unclean.
37 ARST Likewise, it may happen that the dead body of one of these impure animals or insects happens to fall onto any plantable seeds that someone was going to plant. If this happens, those seeds are still pure.{ Whoever owns them may still plant them.} BSB BSB: If a carcass falls on any seed for sowing, the seed is clean;
38 ARST Alternatively, it may happen that the dead body of one of these impure animals or insects falls on those seeds after whoever planted the seeds has watered them. If this happens, then the people of Israel could consider those seeds to be impure and unacceptable. BSB BSB: but if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.
39 ARST It may happen that an animal that the people of Israel may eat dies and someone touches it. If this happens, whoever has touched it has made himself impure{ so that he should not touch another person or any sacred object or enter into any sacred space} until the evening of the day when he touched the animal' s dead body. BSB BSB: If an animal that you may eat dies, anyone who touches the carcass will be unclean until evening.
40 ARST Furthermore, anyone who eats any meat from the animal' s dead body should wash his clothes{ to purify them}. He has made himself impure until the evening of the day when he ate the animal' s meat. Likewise, anyone who carries the animal' s dead body should wash his clothes{ to purify them}. He has made himself impure until the evening of the day when he carried the animal' s dead body. BSB BSB: Whoever eats from the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening, and anyone who picks up the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening.
41 ARST The Israelite people should consider any animals or insects that swarm on the ground to be disgusting and completely unacceptable to eat. No Israelite should ever eat these animals. BSB BSB: Every creature that moves along the ground is detestable; it must not be eaten.
42 ARST This means that no Israelite should ever eat any animal that crawls on its belly and also has four legs or any animal that has many legs, like a swarming ground- dwelling insect. This is because the Israelite people should consider these animals and insects to be disgusting and completely unacceptable to eat. BSB BSB: Do not eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it crawls on its belly or walks on four or more feet; for such creatures are detestable.
43 ARST The Israelite people should never make themselves disgusting by eating or touching any of these swarming insects or animals. Neither should they make themselves impure or defile themselves by touching or eating them. BSB BSB: Do not defile yourselves by any crawling creature; do not become unclean or defiled by them.
44 ARST Remember who I am: I am Yahweh your God, and I am holy. The people of Israel must likewise be holy people because I am holy. Do not cause yourselves to become impure by eating or touching swarming animals or insects that crawl along the ground. BSB BSB: For I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am holy. You must not defile yourselves by any creature that crawls along the ground.
45 ARST Remember that I, Yahweh, freed the Israelite people when they were slaves in Egypt. I did this so that I could be their God. Therefore, because I am holy, they should be holy people. BSB BSB: For I am the LORD, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt so that I would be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.
46 ARST These are the instructions for how the people of Israel should handle domestic animals, birds, any swarming fish that live in water, or any swarming insects or animals that live on dry land. BSB BSB: This is the law regarding animals, birds, all living creatures that move in the water, and all creatures that crawl along the ground.
47 ARST The people of Israel should learn to distinguish what is unacceptable to Yahweh and impure from that which is acceptable to Yahweh and pure. This means that they should also learn to distinguish those living creatures that are acceptable to eat from those that are unacceptable to eat.” BSB BSB: You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between animals that may be eaten and those that may not.’”
Select verses for actions: Enter goes to them and Escape comes back.