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Exodus 21 (LXX) · Opened
Exod
Exodus
21
LXX
BSB
A
a
Septuagint
Berean Standard Bible
1
LXX
ΚΑΙ ταῦτα τὰ δικαιώματα, ἃ παραθήσῃ ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν.
BSB
BSB:
“These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
2
LXX
ἐὰν κτήσῃ παῖδα Ἑβραῖον, ἓξ ἔτη δουλεύσει σοι· τῷ δὲ ἑβδόμῳ ἔτει ἀπελεύσεται ἐλεύθερος δωρεάν.
BSB
BSB:
If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free without paying anything.
3
LXX
ἐὰν αὐτὸς μόνος εἰσέλθῃ, καὶ μόνος ἐξελεύσεται· ἐὰν δὲ γυνὴ συνεισέλθῃ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ, ἐξελεύσεται καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ.
BSB
BSB:
If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him.
4
LXX
καὶ ἐὰν δὲ ὁ κύριος δῷ αὐτῷ γυναῖκα, καὶ τέκῃ αὐτῷ υἱοὺς ἢ θυγατέρας, ἡ γυνὴ καὶ τὰ παιδία ἔσται τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, αὐτὸς δὲ μόνος ἐξελεύσεται.
BSB
BSB:
If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.
5
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἴπῃ ὁ παῖς, ἠγάπησα τὸν κύριόν μου καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ τὰ παιδία, οὐκ ἀποτρέχω ἐλεύθερος·
BSB
BSB:
But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children; I do not want to go free,’
6
LXX
προσάξει αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τότε προσάξει αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν ἐπὶ τὸν σταθμόν, καὶ τρυπήσει ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ τὸ οὖς τῷ ὀπητίῳ, καὶ δουλεύσει αὐτῷ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.
BSB
BSB:
then his master is to bring him before the judges. And he shall take him to the door or doorpost and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he shall serve his master for life.
7
LXX
ἐὰν δέ τις ἀποδῶται τὴν ἑαυτοῦ θυγατέρα οἰκέτιν, οὐκ ἀπελεύσεται, ὥσπερ ἀποτρέχουσιν αἱ δοῦλαι.
BSB
BSB:
And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do.
8
LXX
ἐὰν μὴ εὐαρεστήσῃ τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῆς ἣν αὐτῷ καθωμολογήσατο, ἀπολυτρώσει αὐτήν· ἔθνει δὲ ἀλλοτρίῳ οὐ κύριός ἐστι πωλεῖν αὐτήν, ὅτι ἠθέτησεν ἐν αὐτῇ.
BSB
BSB:
If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her.
9
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ τῷ υἱῷ καθομολογήσηται αὐτήν, κατὰ τὸ δικαίωμα τῶν θυγατέρων ποιήσει αὐτῇ.
BSB
BSB:
And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter.
10
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ ἄλλην λάβῃ ἑαυτῷ, τὰ δέοντα καὶ τὸν ἱματισμὸν καὶ τὴν ὁμιλίαν αὐτῆς οὐκ ἀποστερήσει.
BSB
BSB:
If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of his first wife.
11
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ τὰ τρία ταῦτα μὴ ποιήσῃ αὐτῇ, ἐξελεύσεται δωρεὰν ἄνευ ἀργυρίου.
BSB
BSB:
If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go without monetary payment.
12
LXX
Ἐὰν δὲ πατάξῃ τίς τινα, καὶ ἀποθάνῃ, θανάτῳ θανατούσθω·
BSB
BSB:
Whoever strikes and kills a man must surely be put to death.
13
LXX
ὁ δὲ οὐχ ἑκών, ἀλλ᾿ ὁ Θεὸς παρέδωκεν εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ, δώσω σοι τόπον, οὗ φεύξεται ἐκεῖ ὁ φονεύσας.
BSB
BSB:
If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee.
14
LXX
ἐὰν δέ τις ἐπιθῆται τῷ πλησίον ἀποκτεῖναι αὐτὸν δόλῳ καὶ καταφύγῃ, ἀπὸ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου μου λήψῃ αὐτὸν θανατῶσαι.
BSB
BSB:
But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death.
15
LXX
ὃς τύπτει πατέρα αὐτοῦ ἢ μητέρα αὐτοῦ, θανάτῳ θανατούσθω.
BSB
BSB:
Whoever strikes his father or mother must surely be put to death.
16
LXX
ὃς ἐὰν κλέψῃ τίς τινα τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ καταδυναστεύσας αὐτὸν ἀποδῶται, καὶ εὑρεθῇ ἐν αὐτῷ, θανάτῳ τελευτάτω.
BSB
BSB:
Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession.
17
LXX
ὁ κακολογῶν πατέρα αὐτοῦ ἢ μητέρα αὐτοῦ τελευτήσει θανάτῳ.
BSB
BSB:
Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death.
18
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ λοιδορῶνται δύο ἄνδρες καὶ πατάξῃ τις τὸν πλησίον λίθῳ ἢ πυγμῇ, καὶ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ, κατακλιθῇ δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν κοίτην,
BSB
BSB:
If men are quarreling and one strikes the other with a stone or a fist, and he does not die but is confined to bed,
19
LXX
ἐὰν ἐξαναστὰς ὁ ἄνθρωπος περιπατήσῃ ἔξω ἐπὶ ράβδου, ἀθῷος ἔσται ὁ πατάξας· πλὴν τῆς ἀργίας αὐτοῦ ἀποτίσει καὶ τὰ ἰατρεῖα.
BSB
BSB:
then the one who struck him shall go unpunished, as long as the other can get up and walk around outside with his staff. Nevertheless, he must compensate the man for his lost work and see that he is completely healed.
20
LXX
ἐὰν δέ τις πατάξῃ τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ ἢ τὴν παιδίσκην αὐτοῦ ἐν ράβδῳ καὶ ἀποθάνῃ ὑπὸ τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ, δίκῃ ἐκδικηθήσεται.
BSB
BSB:
If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished.
21
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ διαβιώσῃ ἡμέραν μίαν ἢ δύο, οὐκ ἐκδικηθήσεται· τὸ γὰρ ἀργύριον αὐτοῦ ἐστιν.
BSB
BSB:
However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.
22
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ μάχωνται δύο ἄνδρες καὶ πατάξωσι γυναῖκα ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσαν καὶ ἐξέλθῃ τὸ παιδίον αὐτῆς μὴ ἐξεικονισμένον, ἐπιζήμιον ζημιωθήσεται· καθότι ἂν ἐπιβάλῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ τῆς γυναικός, δώσει μετὰ ἀξιώματος·
BSB
BSB:
If men who are fighting strike a pregnant woman and her child is born prematurely, but there is no further injury, he shall surely be fined as the woman’s husband demands and as the court allows.
23
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ ἐξεικονισμένον ᾖ, δώσει ψυχὴν ἀντὶ ψυχῆς,
BSB
BSB:
But if a serious injury results, then you must require a life for a life—
24
LXX
ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ, ὀδόντα ἀντὶ ὀδόντος, χεῖρα ἀντὶ χειρός, πόδα ἀντὶ ποδός,
BSB
BSB:
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25
LXX
κατάκαυμα ἀντὶ κατακαύματος, τραῦμα ἀντὶ τραύματος, μώλωπα ἀντὶ μώλωπος.
BSB
BSB:
burn for burn, wound for wound, and stripe for stripe.
26
LXX
ἐὰν δέ τις πατάξῃ τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τοῦ οἰκέτου αὐτοῦ ἢ τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τῆς θεραπαίνης αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκτυφλώσῃ, ἐλευθέρους ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτοὺς ἀντὶ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ αὐτῶν.
BSB
BSB:
If a man strikes and blinds the eye of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the eye.
27
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ τὸν ὀδόντα τοῦ οἰκέτου ἢ τὸν ὀδόντα τῆς θεραπαίνης αὐτοῦ ἐκκόψῃ, ἐλευθέρους ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτοὺς ἀντὶ τοῦ ὀδόντος αὐτῶν.
BSB
BSB:
And if he knocks out the tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the tooth.
28
LXX
Ἐὰν δὲ κερατίσῃ ταῦρος ἄνδρα ἢ γυναῖκα καὶ ἀποθάνῃ, λίθοις λιθοβοληθήσεται ὁ ταῦρος, καὶ οὐ βρωθήσεται τὰ κρέα αὐτοῦ· ὁ δὲ κύριος τοῦ ταύρου ἀθῷος ἔσται.
BSB
BSB:
If an ox gores a man or woman to death, the ox must surely be stoned, and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the ox shall not be held responsible.
29
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ ὁ ταῦρος κερατιστὴς ᾖ πρὸ τῆς χθὲς καὶ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης, καὶ διαμαρτύρωνται τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ ἀφανίσῃ αὐτόν, ἀνέλῃ δὲ ἄνδρα ἢ γυναῖκα, ὁ ταῦρος λιθοβοληθήσεται καὶ ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ προσαποθανεῖται.
BSB
BSB:
But if the ox has a habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, then the ox must be stoned and its owner must also be put to death.
30
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ λύτρα ἐπιβληθῇ αὐτῷ, δώσει λύτρα τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ ὅσα ἐὰν ἐπιβάλωσιν αὐτῷ.
BSB
BSB:
If payment is demanded of him instead, he may redeem his life by paying the full amount demanded of him.
31
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ υἱὸν ἢ θυγατέρα κερατίσῃ, κατὰ τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦτο ποιήσωσιν αὐτῷ.
BSB
BSB:
If the ox gores a son or a daughter, it shall be done to him according to the same rule.
32
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ παῖδα κερατίσῃ ὁ ταῦρος ἢ παιδίσκην, ἀργυρίου τριάκοντα δίδραχμα δώσει τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῶν, καὶ ὁ ταῦρος λιθοβοληθήσεται.
BSB
BSB:
If the ox gores a manservant or maidservant, the owner must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of that servant, and the ox must be stoned.
33
LXX
ἐὰν δέ τις ἀνοίξῃ λάκκον ἢ λατομήσῃ λάκκον καὶ μὴ καλύψῃ αὐτόν, καὶ ἐμπέσῃ ἐκεῖ μόσχος ἢ ὄνος,
BSB
BSB:
If a man opens or digs a pit and fails to cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,
34
LXX
ὁ κύριος τοῦ λάκκου ἀποτίσει· ἀργύριον δώσει τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῶν, τὸ δὲ τετελευτηκὸς αὐτῷ ἔσται.
BSB
BSB:
the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he must pay its owner, and the dead animal will be his.
35
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ κερατίσῃ τινὸς ταῦρος τὸν ταῦρον τοῦ πλησίον καὶ τελευτήσῃ, ἀποδώσονται τὸν ταῦρον τὸν ζῶντα καὶ διελοῦνται τὸ ἀργύριον αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν ταῦρον τὸν τεθνηκότα διελοῦνται.
BSB
BSB:
If a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live one and divide the proceeds; they also must divide the dead animal.
36
LXX
ἐὰν δὲ γνωρίζηται ὁ ταῦρος ὅτι κερατιστής ἐστι πρὸ τῆς χθὲς καὶ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης ἡμέρας, καὶ διαμεμαρτυρημένοι ὦσι τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ ἀφανίσῃ αὐτόν, ἀποτίσει ταῦρον ἀντὶ ταύρου, ὁ δὲ τετελευτηκὼς αὐτῷ ἔσται.
BSB
BSB:
But if it was known that the ox had a habit of goring, yet its owner failed to restrain it, he shall pay full compensation, ox for ox, and the dead animal will be his.
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Commentary
What the commentators say on Exodus 21
A question this chapter raises
Doesn’t “an eye for an eye” teach revenge?
LXX
Septuagint. Public domain. Text from eBible.org. Verse numbers matched to the English with STEPBible’s TVTMS (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0.
BSB
The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible, BSB. Dedicated to the public domain. BereanBible.com
Exodus 20
Exodus 21
Exodus 22