History
History of the Christian Church, Volume 2: Ante-Nicene Christianity, AD 100–325
Philip Schaff · 1883 (revised 1889–1910)
The church from the apostles to Nicaea: persecution, missions, worship, heresies, and the early fathers and apologists.
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Contents
Chapter I: Spread of Christianity9 pages
CHAPTER II: PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANITY AND CHRISTIAN MARTYRDOM. "Semen est sanguis Christianorum."—Tertullian11 pages
- § 12. Literature
- § 13. General Survey
- § 14. Jewish Persecution
- § 15. Causes of Roman Persecution
- § 16. Condition of the Church before the Reign of Trajan
- § 17. Trajan. a.d. 98-117—Christianity Forbidden—Martyrdom of Symeon of Jerusalem, and Ignatius of Antioch
- § 19 Antoninus Pius. a.d. 137-161. The Martyrdom of Polycarp
- § 21. Condition of the Church from Septimius Severus to Philip the Arabian. a.d. 193-249
- § 22. Persecutions under Decius, and Valerian. a.d. 249-260. Martyrdom of Cyprian
- § 26. Christian Martyrdom
- § 27. Rise of the Worship of Martyrs and Relics
Chapter III. Literary Contest of Christianity with Judaism and Heathenism47 pages
- § 28. Literature
- § 29. Literary Opposition to Christianity
- § 30. Jewish Opposition. Josephus and the Talmud
- § 31. Pagan Opposition. Tacitus and Pliny
- § 32. Direct Assaults. Celsus
- § 33. Lucian
- § 34. Neo-Platonism
- § 35. Porphyry and Hierocles
- § 36. Summary of the Objections to Christianity
- § 37. The Apologetic Literature of Christianity
- § 38. The Argument against Judaism
- § 39. The Defense against Heathenism
- § 40. The Positive Apology
- § 41. Progress in Consolidation
- § 42. Clergy and Laity
- § 43. New Church Officers
- § 44. Origin of the Episcopate
- § 45. Development of the Episcopate. Ignatius
- § 46. Episcopacy at the time of Irenaeus and Tertullian
- § 47. Cyprianic Episcopacy
- § 48. The Pseudo-Clementine Episcopacy
- § 49. Beginnings of the Metropolitan and Patriarchal Systems
- § 50. Germs of the Papacy
- § 51. Chronology of the Popes
- § 52. List of the Roman Bishops and Roman Emperors during the First Three Centuries
- § 53. The Catholic Unity
- § 54. Councils
- § 55. The Councils of Elvira, Arles, and Ancyra
- § 56. Collections of Ecclesiastical Law. The Apostolical Constitutions and Canons
- § 57. Church Discipline
- § 58. Church Schisms
- § 59. Places of Common Worship
- § 60. The Lord's Day
- § 61. The Christian Passover. (Easter)
- § 62. The Paschal Controversies
- § 63. Pentecost
- § 64. The Epiphany
- § 65. The Order of Public Worship
- § 66. Parts of Worship
- § 67. Division of Divine Service. The Disciplina Arcani
- § 68. Celebration of the Eucharist
- § 69. The Doctrine of the Eucharist
- § 70. The Celebration of Baptism
- § 71. The Doctrine of Baptism
- § 72. Catechetical Instruction and Confirmation
- § 73. Infant Baptism
- § 74. Heretical Baptism
Chapter VII: The Church in the Catacombs6 pages
Chapter VIII: Christian Life in Contrast with Pagan Corruption16 pages
- § 88. Literature
- § 89. Moral Corruption of the Roman Empire
- § 90. Stoic Morality
- § 91. Epictetus
- § 92. Marcus Aurelius
- § 93. Plutarch
- § 94. Christian Morality
- § 95. The Church and Public Amusements
- § 96. Secular Callings and Civil Duties
- § 97. The Church and Slavery
- § 98. The Heathen Family
- § 99. The Christian Family
- § 100. Brotherly Love, and Love for Enemies
- § 101. Prayer and Fasting
- § 102. Treatment of the Dead
- § 103. Summary of Moral Reforms
Chapter X: Montanism3 pages
Chapter XI: The Heresies of the Ante-nicene Age24 pages
- § 112. Judaism and Heathenism within the Church
- § 113. Nazarenes and Ebionites (Elkesaites, Mandoeans)
- § 114. The Pseudo-Clementine Ebionism
- § 115. Gnosticism. The Literature
- § 116. Meaning, Origin and Character of Gnosticism
- § 117. The System of Gnosticism. Its Theology
- § 118. Ethics of Gnosticism
- § 119. Cultus and Organization
- § 120. Schools of Gnosticism
- § 121. Simon Magus and the Simonians
- § 122. The Nicolaitans
- § 123. Cerinthus
- § 124. Basilides
- § 125. Valentinus
- § 126. The School of Valentinus. Heracleon, Ptolemy, Marcos, Bardesanes, Harmonius
- § 128. The Ophites. The Sethites. The Peratae. The Cainites
- § 129. Saturninus (Satornilos)
- § 130. Carpocrates
- § 131. Tatian and the Encratites
- § 132. Justin the Gnostic
- § 133. Hermogenes
- § 134. Other Gnostic Sects
- § 135. Mani and the Manichaeans
- § 136. The Manichaean System
Chapter XII: The Development of Catholic Theology in Conflict with Heresy22 pages
- § 137. Catholic Orthodoxy
- § 138. The Holy Scriptures and the Canon
- § 139. Catholic Tradition
- § 140. The Rule of Faith and the Apostles' Creed
- § 141. Variations of the Apostles' Creed
- § 142. God and the Creation
- § 143. Man and the Fall
- §144. Christ and the Incarnation
- § 145. The Divinity of Christ
- § 146. The Humanity of Christ
- § 147. The Relation of the Divine and the Human in Christ
- § 148. The Holy Spirit
- § 149. The Holy Trinity
- § 150. Antitrinitarians. First Class: The Alogi, Theodotus, Artemon, Paul of Samosata
- § 151. Second Class of Antitrinitarians: Praxeas, Noëtus, Callistus, Berryllus
- § 152. Sabellianism
- § 153. Redemption
- § 154. Other Doctrines
- § 155. Eschatology. Immortality and Resurrection
- § 156. Between Death and Resurrection
- § 157. After Judgment. Future Punishment
- § 158. Chiliasm
Chapter XIII: Ecclesiastical Literature of the Ante-nicene Age, and Biographical Sketches of the Church-fathers45 pages
- § 159. Literature
- § 160. A General Estimate of the Fathers
- § 161. The Apostolic Fathers
- § 162. Clement of Rome
- § 163. The Pseudo-Clementine Works
- § 164. Ignatius of Antioch
- § 165. The Ignatian Controversy
- § 166. Polycarp of Smyrna
- § 167. Barnabas
- § 168. Hermas
- § 169. Papias
- § 170. The Epistle to Diognetus
- § 171. Sixtus of Rome
- § 172. The Apologists. Quadratus and Aristides
- § 173. Justin the Philosopher and Martyr
- § 174. The Other Greek Apologists. Tatian
- § 175. Athenagoras
- § 176. Theophilus of Antioch
- § 177. Melito of Sardis
- § 178. Apolinarius of Hierapolis. Miltiades
- § 179. Hermias
- § 180. Hegesippus
- § 181. Dionysius of Corinth
- § 182. Irenaeus
- § 183. Hippolytus
- § 184. Caius of Rome
- § 185. The Alexandrian School of Theology
- § 186. Clement of Alexandria
- § 187. Origen
- § 188. The Works of Origen
- § 189. Gregory Thaumaturgus
- § 190. Dionysius the Great
- § 191. Julius Africanus
- § 192. Minor Divines of the Greek Church
- § 193. Opponents of Origen. Methodius
- § 194. Lucian of Antioch
- § 195. The Antiochian School
- § 196. Tertullian and the African School
- § 197. The Writings of Tertullian
- § 199. Cyprian
- § 200. Novatian
- § 201. Commodian
- § 202. Arnobius
- § 203. Victorinus of Petau
- § 204. Eusebius, Lactantius, Hosius
Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume 2: Ante-Nicene Christianity, AD 100–325 (1883). Public domain. Text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library.