Introductory Notes

Section XLIX

Page 56 of 468

[1, 2]³³⁸⁷ And the chief priest asked Jesus about his disciples, and about his doctrine.³³⁸⁸³³⁸⁹ And Jesus said unto him, I was speaking³³⁹⁰ openly to the people; and I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, where all the Jews gather; and I have spoken nothing in³ [Arabic, p. 185] secret.³³⁹¹ Why askest thou me? ask those that have heard, what I spake unto⁴ them: for they know all that I said.³³⁹² And when he had said that, one of the soldiers which were standing there struck the cheek³³⁹³ of Jesus, and said unto him,⁵ Dost thou thus answer the chief priest?³³⁹⁴ Jesus answered and said unto him, If I⁶ have spoken evil, bear witness of evil:³³⁹⁵ but if well, why didst thou smite me?³³⁹⁶ And Annas sent Jesus bound unto Caiaphas the chief priest.

⁷³³⁹⁷ And when Jesus went out, Simon Cephas was standing in the outer court warming⁸ himself.³³⁹⁸ And that maid saw him again, and began to say to those that stood⁹ by, This man also was there with Jesus the Nazarene.³³⁹⁹ And those that stood by¹⁰ came forward and said to Cephas, Truly thou art one of his disciples.³⁴⁰⁰ And he¹¹ denied again with an oath, I know not the man.³⁴⁰¹ And after a little one of the servants of the chief priest, the kinsman of him whose ear Simon cut off, saw him; and¹² he disputed³⁴⁰² and said, Truly this man was with him:³⁴⁰³ and he also is a Galilæan;¹³ and his speech resembles.³⁴⁰⁴³⁴⁰⁵ And he said unto Simon, Did not I see thee with him¹⁴ in the garden?³⁴⁰⁶ Then began Simon to curse,³⁴⁰⁷ and to swear, I know not this man¹⁵ whom ye have mentioned.³⁴⁰⁸ And immediately, while he was speaking, the cock crew¹⁶ twice.³⁴⁰⁹ And in that hour Jesus turned, he being without, and looked stedfastly at Cephas. And Simon remembered the word of our Lord, which he said unto him, [17, 18]³⁴¹⁰ Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice.³⁴¹¹ And Simon went forth without, and wept bitterly.

¹⁹ [Arabic, p. 186]³⁴¹² And when the morning approached, the servants of all the chief priests and the scribes and the elders of the people and all the multitude assembled, [20, 21] and made a plot;³⁴¹³ and they took counsel against Jesus to put him to death.³⁴¹⁴ And they sought false witnesses who should witness against him, that they might put him to [22, 23] death, and they found not;³⁴¹⁵ but many false witnesses came,³⁴¹⁶ but their witness did not [24, 25] agree.³⁴¹⁷ But at last there came two lying witnesses,³⁴¹⁸ and said, We heard him say, I will destroy this³⁴¹⁹ temple of God that is made with hands, and will build another not [26, 27] made with hands after three days.³⁴²⁰ And not even so did their witness agree. But Jesus was silent.³⁴²¹ And the chief priest rose in the midst, and asked Jesus, and said,²⁸³⁴²² Answerest thou not a word concerning anything? what do these³⁴²³ witness against [29, 30] thee?³⁴²⁴ But Jesus was silent, and answered him nothing.³⁴²⁵ And they took him up³¹ into their assembly,³⁴²⁶ and said unto him, If thou art the Messiah, tell us.³⁴²⁷ He said³² unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe me:³⁴²⁸ and if I ask you, ye will not answer³³ me a word, nor let me go.³⁴²⁹ And the chief priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou art the Messiah, the [34, 35] Son of the living God.³⁴³⁰ Jesus said unto him, Thou hast said that I am he.³⁴³¹ They all said unto him, Then thou art now the Son of God? Jesus said, Ye have said³⁶ that I am he.³⁴³² I say unto you, that henceforth ye shall see the Son of man sitting³⁷ [Arabic, p. 187] at the right hand of power, and coming on the clouds of heaven.³⁴³³ Then the³⁸ chief priest rent his tunic,³⁴³⁴ and said, He hath blasphemed.³⁴³⁵ And they all said, Why should we seek now witnesses? we have heard now the blasphemy from his mouth. [39, 40] What then think ye?³⁴³⁶ They all answered and said, He is worthy of death.³⁴³⁷ Then some of them drew near, and spat in his face, and struck him, and scoffed at him.⁴¹³⁴³⁸ And the soldiers struck him on his cheeks,³⁴³⁹ and said, Prophesy unto us, thou Messiah:⁴² who is he that struck thee?³⁴⁴⁰ And many other things spake they falsely,³⁴⁴¹ and said against him.

⁴³³⁴⁴² And all of their assembly arose,³⁴⁴³ and took Jesus, and brought him bound³⁴⁴⁴ to⁴⁴ the prætorium,³⁴⁴⁵ and delivered him up to Pilate the judge;³⁴⁴⁶ but they entered not into the prætorium, that they might not be defiled when they should eat the passover.

⁴⁵³⁴⁴⁷ And Jesus stood before the judge. And Pilate went forth unto them without, and⁴⁶ said unto them, What accusation³⁴⁴⁸ have ye against this man?³⁴⁴⁹ They answered and said unto him, If he had not been doing evils, neither should we have delivered⁴⁷ him up unto thee.³⁴⁵⁰ We found this man leading our people astray, and restraining from giving tribute to Cæsar, and saying of himself that he is the King, the Messiah.⁴⁸³⁴⁵¹ Pilate said unto them, Then take ye him, and judge him according to your law. [Arabic, p. 188] The Jews said unto him, We have no authority to put a man to death:⁴⁹³⁴⁵² that the word might be fulfilled, which Jesus spake, when he made known by what manner of death he was to die.

⁵⁰³⁴⁵³ And Pilate entered into the prætorium, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art⁵¹ thou the King of the Jews?³⁴⁵⁴ Jesus said unto him, Of thyself saidst thou this, or⁵² did others tell it thee concerning me?³⁴⁵⁵ Pilate said unto him, Am I, forsooth,³⁴⁵⁶ a Jew? The sons of thy nation³⁴⁵⁷ and the chief priests delivered thee unto me: what⁵³ hast thou done?³⁴⁵⁸ Jesus said unto him, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be⁵⁴ delivered to the Jews: now my kingdom is not from hence.³⁴⁵⁹ Pilate said unto him, Then thou art a king? Jesus said unto him, Thou hast said that I am a king. And for this was I born, and for this came I into the world, that I should bear witness⁵⁵ of the truth.³⁴⁶⁰ And every one that is of the truth heareth my voice. Pilate said unto him, And what is the truth? And when he said that, he went out again unto the Jews.

Notes

3387
.
3388
cf. § 6, 40, note.
3389
.
3390
Peshitta, spake; Sin. omits the verse; Cur. lacking.
3
Par[alem]phthenai is perhaps supported by paralabontes, .
3391
.
4
I know no other instance of stauriskein.
3392
.
3393
See § 9, 7, note.
5
cf. , where Syr. Pesch. reads: "They say, These bodies shall not remain on the cross, because the sabbath dawneth."
3394
.
6
The text here is corrupt: for epesanto I have provisionally read epesan te.
3395
Borg. ms. has the evil.
3396
.
7
For autos horas we must read autes horas (cf. Clem., Hom., xx., 16); aute is the equivalent in later Greek literature of ekeine, as in the modern tongue (cf. Lc. x. 7, 21, and xii. 12; || ekeine, Mt., Mc.)
3397
a.
8
I have ventured to substitute meta, "together with" (cf. ), for kata, "down upon." Dr. Swete, however, keeps kata, and interprets it as "against," i.e., to guard the sepulchre against.
3398
a.
9
The form of the question in the Greek suggests a negative answer.
3399
b; b.
10
[cf. John passim.]
3400
.
11
[cf. .]
3401
a; a.
12
[cf. ; .]
3402
This is an alternative meaning of the Syriac word affirmed, used in the Peshitta.
3403
b.
13
[cf. .]
3404
cf. Sinaitic (Curetonian wanting). Vat. ms., which Ciasca follows, adds him or it.
3405
c; b.
14
[cf. ; .]
3406
.
3407
Borg. ms., by adding diacritical points, gets asserted.
15
[cf. .]
3408
b.
16
[cf. .]
3409
a.
3410
b, c.
3411
.
19
See below, 12, (2).
3412
a.
3413
b.
3414
b.
3415
a.
3416
.
3417
b.
3418
b; .
3419
Syriac order, but not in agreement with the versions.
3420
; a.
3421
a.
28
Can this be a misprint for 95?
3422
b.
3423
Vat. ms. has anything, when these.
3424
a.
3425
b.
31
See, e.g., below, § 13, 42, note, and § 14, 43, note.
3426
The word usually means synagogue in this work.
3427
.
32
See the valuable article of Guidi, "Le traduzioni degli Evangelii in arabo e in etiopico" (Atti della R. Accademia dei Lincei; Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e filologiche. Serie Quarta, 1888, Parte Prima—Memorie, pp. 5-38). Some of his results are briefly stated in Scrivener, A Plain Introd. to the Crit. of the N.T., 4th ed., ii., 162.
3428
.
33
cf.the foot-notes passim, e.g., § 13, 14, § 14, 24.
3429
b.
3430
a.
3431
.
36
The references to the readings of the Diatessaron in Ibn-at-Tayyib's own commentary on the gospels (see next note) are remarkably impersonal for one who had made or was to make a translation of it.
3432
b.
37
A specially important part of the general question is this, What are the mutual relations of the following: (1) a supposed version of at least Matthew and John made from the Syriac by Ibn-at-Tayyib, mentioned by Ibn-al-Assal in the Preface to his scholarly recension of the gospels (ms. numbered Or. 3382 in Brit. Mus., folio 384b) and used by him in determining his text; (2) the gospel text interwoven with the commentary of Ibn-at-Tayyib on the gospels, a commentary which De Slane says the author wrote in Syriac and then translated into Arabic; (3) our present work. Of mss. testifying to No. 1 we have some dating from the time of Ibn-al-Assal himself; of No. 2 we have, in addition to others, an eleventh-century ms. in Paris, described by De Slane (catalogue No. 85) as being "un volume dépareillé du ms. original de l'ouvrage"; of No. 3 we have of course the Vatican and Borgian mss. What is the mutual relation of these texts; were any two of them identical? The Brit. Mus. ms. of the second has many points of contact with the third, but is dated 1805 a.d. Does the older Paris ms. stand more or less closely related? Did Ibn-at-Tayyib himself really translate any or all of these texts, or did he simply select or edit them? Space does not permit us to point out, far less to discuss, the various possibilities.
3433
a; b.
38
The text is given below in full at its proper place.
3434
The foreign word used in the Peshitta is preserved. The Sinaitic uses a Syriac word meaning garment.
3435
.
3436
b; .
3437
a; b.
41
Prof. Harris promises an edition of this commentary.
3438
c; .
3439
See § 9, 7, note.
42
Harris, Fragments, p. 14, where the Syriac text is quoted.
3440
.
3441
See § 7, 17, note.
43
Bib. Or., ii., 159 f. Most of them are repeated again by Bar Hebræus (d. 1286), although some confusion is produced by his interweaving some phrases from Eusebius of Cæsarea. (Bib. Or., i., 57 f., and a longer quotation in English in Contemp. Rev., Aug., 1895, p. 274 f.)
3442
; b.
3443
cf. a.
3444
cf. ; .
44
Lagarde's statement (Nachrichten von der Königl. Gesellsch. der Wiss., etc., zu Göttingen, 1891, No. 4, p. 153) that a ms. had been discovered, appears to have been unfounded. Prof. Rahlfs of Göttingen kindly tells me that he believes this is so.
3445
Arabic, diwdn.
3446
c.
45
Migne, Patrol. græc., tom. lxxxiii., col. 369, 372.
3447
a; .
46
Published at Venice in 1836.
3448
Lit. plea.
3449
.
47
The two Armenian mss. are dated a.d. 1195.
3450
b.
48
Evangelii Concordantis Expositio, facta a S. Ephraemo (Ven., 1876).
3451
.
49
Forschungen zur Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanons, I. Theil.
3452
.
50
Edited by Ernestus Ranke, Marb. and Lips., 1868.
3453
.
51
For other forms of the Diatessaron, of no critical importance, see S. Hemphill, The Diatessaron of Tatian (London, 1888), Appendix D and the refs. there.
3454
.
52
Further references, chiefly repetitions in one form or another of the statements we have quoted, may be found in a convenient form in Harnack, Gesch. d. altchrist. Lit. bis. Euseb., 493-496; cf. also the works mentioned by Hill (op. cit.) p. 378 f.
3455
.
3456
See § 4, 24, note.
3457
The Syriac word.
53
cf. the words of Aphraates, senior contemporary of Ephraem: "As it is written in the beginning of the Gospel of our Vivifier: In the beginning was the Word." (Patrol. Syr., pars i., tom. i., 21, lines 17-19).
3458
.
54
Nachrichten von der Königl. Gesellsch. der Wiss., etc., March 17, 1886, No. 4, p. 151 ff.
3459
.
55
See notes to § 1, 81, and § 4, 29.
3460
a.

Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 9, ed. Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson and A. Cleveland Coxe (1885–96). Public domain. Text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library.