Letters of St. Augustin

Notes

1. 1394

   Rom. iii. 4, and Ps. cxvi. 11.

2. 1395

   John viii. 44.

3. 1396

   Gen. i. 29.

4. 1397

   Ibid. ver. 30.

5. 1398

   2 Tim. i. 16.

6. 1399

   2 Cor. xi. 9.

7. 1400

   2 Tim. iv. 16.

8. 1401

   "Rationalem. An old epithet to most of the holy things. So, reasonable service, Rom. xii. 1, logikon gala; 1 Pet. ii. 2, sincere milk. Clem. Alex. calls Baptism so, Pedag. i. 6. And in Constitut. Apost. vi. 23, the Eucharist is styled, a reasonable Sacrifice. The word was used to distinguish Christian mysteries from Jewish. Rationale est spirituale."—W. W.

9. 1402

   Ps. xix. 4.

10. 1403

    Phil. iii. 19.

11. 1404

    Rom. xvi. 18.

12. 1405

    Phil. iv. 18.

13. 1406

    Ibid. ver. 10.

14. 1407

    Ibid. vers. 11-13.

15. 1408

    Phil. iv. 14.

16. 1409

    Compare p. 160, note 2, above.

17. 1410

    Ps. iv. 1.

18. 1411

    Compare his De Bono Conjug. ch. xxi., where he points out that while any may suffer need and abound, to know how to suffer belongs only to great souls, and to know how to abound to those whom abundance does not corrupt.

19. 1412

    Phil. iv. 15, 16.

20. 1413

    Ibid. ver. 17.

21. 1414

    Matt. x. 41, 42.

22. 1415

    1 Kings xvii. See p. 133, note 2, above.

23. 1416

    We have already referred (p. 69, note 5, above) to the cessation of miracles. Augustin has a beautiful passage in Serm. ccxliv. 8, on the evidence which we have in the spread of Christianity—it doing for us what miracles did for the early Church. Compare also De Civ. Dei, xxii. 8. And he frequently alludes, as, for example, in Ps. cxxx., to "charity" being more desirable than the power of working miracles.

24. 1417

    Gen. i. 31.

25. 1418

    In his De Gen. con. Manich. i. 21, he enlarges to the same effect on Gen. i. 31.

26. 1419

    He alludes in the above statements to the heretical notions of the Manichæans. Their speculations on these matters are enlarged on in note 8 on p. 76.

27. 1420

    1 Cor. ii. 12.

28. 1421

    Matt. x. 20.

29. 1422

    See the end of note 1, p. 74.

30. 1423

    Rom. v. 5.

31. 1424

    In his Retractations, ii. 6, he says: "Non satis considerate dictum est; res enem in abdito est valde."

32. 1425

    Compare De Gen. con. Manich. ii. 15.

33. 1426

    "Concipiendam,' or the reading may be concupiscendam,' according to St. Augustin's interpretation of Gen. iii. 16, in the De Gen. con. Manich. ii. 15. As an instance hereof was woman made, who is in the order of things made subject to the man; that what appears more evidently in two human beings, the man and the woman, may be contemplated in the one, man; viz. that the inward man, as it were manly reason, should have in subjection the appetite of the soul, whereby we act through the bodily members.'"—E. B. P.

34. 1427

    See p. 165, note 4, above.

35. 1428

    Gen. i. 31.

36. 1429

    Rom. iv. 5.

37. 1430

    See p. 165, note 2, above.

38. 1431

    "The peace of heaven," says Augustin in his De Civ. Dei, xix. 17, "alone can be truly called and esteemed the peace of the reasonable creatures, consisting as it does in the perfectly ordered and harmonious enjoyment of God, and of one another in God. When we shall have reached that peace, this mortal life shall give place to one that is eternal, and our body shall be no more this animal body which by its corruption weighs down the soul, but a spiritual body feeling no want, and in all its members subjected to the will." See p. 111, note 8 (end), above.

39. 1432

    Compare his De Gen. ad Lit. iv. 9: "For as God is properly said to do what we do when He works in us, so is God properly said to rest when by His gift we rest."

40. 1433

    Matt. vii. 7.

41. 1434

    "Ut oculi aliis corporis sensibus præstant, ita illustrium virorum Epistolæ cæteris eorum scriptis passim antecellunt."—Benedictine Preface to the Ep. Aug.

42. 1435

    "Si, dans le vaste naufrage des temps, par un malheur que la Providence n'a pas permis, les ouvrages proprement dits de Saint Augustin eussent péri et qu'il ne fût resté que ses lettres, nous aurions encore toute sa doctrine, tout son génie: les Lettres de Saint Augustin, c'est tout Saint Augustin."—Poujoulat, Lettres de. S. Aug. vii.

43. 1436

    Advancement of Learning, p. 125.

44. 1437

    Hermogenianus was one of the earliest and most intimate friends of Augustin, and his associate in literary and philosophical studies.

45. 1438

    [Academy was a grove dedicated to the Attic hero Academos, on the banks of the Kephissos near Athens, where Plato taught. Hence it became the name of the Platonic school of philosophy. It had three branches,—the Older, the Middle, and the Younger Academy. The study of Platonism was a preparatory step to the conversion of Augustin in 386.—P. S.]

46. 1439

    We follow the reading "tegendi veri."

47. 1440

    [Carneades of Cyrene (B.C. 214-129), the founder of the third Academic school, who came to Rome B.C. 155, went further in the direction of scepticism than Arcesilas, and taught that certain knowledge was impossible. See Ueberweg, History of Philosophy, i. 133, 136 (transl. of Morris).—P. S.]

48. 1441

    Augustin's work, De Academicis, b. iii. c. 20.

49. 1442

    Zenobius was the friend to whom Augustin dedicated his books De Ordine. In book i. ch. 1 and 2, we have a delightful description of the character of Zenobius.

50. 1443

    Ut latiné loquar, non esse.

51. 1444

    The character of Nebridius, and the intimacy of friendship between him and Augustin, may be seen in the Confessions, b. ix. c. 3.

52. 1445

    Had Augustin been acquainted with the decimal notation, he would not have made this remark to Alypius; for in the decimal scale, when the point is inserted, fractional parts go on diminishing according to the number of cyphers between them and the point (e.g .001), precisely as the integers increase according to the number of cyphers between them and the decimal point (e.g. 100.),—there being no limit to the descending series on the right hand of the decimal point, any more than to the ascending series on the left hand of the same point.

53. 1446

    Nescio quid.

54. 1447

    Augustin's acquaintance with the first principles of optics, and with the properties of reflection possessed by convex, plane, and concave mirrors, was very limited.

55. 1448

    Wisely resolved.

56. 1449

    Ineptiam.

57. 1450

    Present infinitive passive of cupere, to desire.

58. 1451

    Infinitive passive of verbs signifying respectively to "throw" and to "catch."

59. 1452

    Phantasia.

60. 1453

    Quamvis non omnis phantasia cum memoria sit, omnis tamen memoria, sine phantasia esse non possit.

61. 1454

    Dramatis personæ in Terence.

62. 1455

    Referring to Manichæan notions.

63. 1456

    Numeri actitantur occulti.

64. 1457

    Pro ipsius divini juris fide.

65. 1458

    Dæmonibus.

66. 1459

    See Letter VII.

67. 1460

    Text, "deificari" for "ædificari" (?).

68. 1461

    A liquid præter invicem faciunt.

69. 1462

    Species.

70. 1463

    An sit, quid sit, quale sit.

71. 1464

    We leave untranslated the words "quæ diffirmando sunt otio necessaria," the text here being evidently corrupt.

72. 1465

    The phrase used by Nebridius had been "longior quam longissima," which Augustin here quotes, and afterwards playfully alludes to in sec. 3.

73. 1466

    The text contains the word "sex" here, which is omitted in the translation. The reading is uncertain.

74. 1467

    See note on sec. 1.

75. 1468

    Ratio.

76. 1469

    Charta.

77. 1470

    "Mene salis placidi vultum fluctusque quietos Ignorare jubes?"—Æn. v. 848, 849.

78. 1471

    Deus.

79. 1472

    "Inque Deûm templis jurabit Roma per umbras," Lucan, Pharsalia, vii. 459.

80. 1473

    Virg. Eclog. ii. 65: "Trahit sua quemque voluptas."

81. 1474

    Virg. Æneid, viii. 302: "Et nos et tua dexter adi pede sacra secundo."

82. 1475

    "Trahit sua quemque voluptas."

83. 1476

    "Primus ab æthereo venit Saturnis Olympo Arma Jovis fugiens et regnis exsul ademptis." Æn. viii. 319, 320.

84. 1477

    We give the original of this important sentence: "Scias a Christianis catholicis (quorum in vestro oppido etiam ecclesia constituta est) nullum coli mortuorum, nihi denique ut numen adorari quod sit factum et conditum a Deo, sed unum ipsum Deum qui fecit et condidit omnia."

85. 1478

    The sense here obviously requires "vestri" instead of " nostri," which is in the text.

86. 1479

    Infirmiori vasi tuo.

87. 1480

    [A most noble sentence, which contains, as in a nutshell, a whole system of pastoral theology.—P.S.]

88. 1481

    They thought Augustin was disappointed at being made only presbyter and not colleague of Valerius as bishop. See Possidius, Aug. Vita, c. 4.

89. 1482

    We adopt the conjectural reading "conciliorum." Compare sec. 4, p. 240.

90. 1483

    Rom. xiii. 13, 14.

91. 1484

    1 Cor. v. 11.

92. 1485

    Manifestly the correct punctuation here is: Hæc si prima Africa tentaret auferre, a cæteris terris imitatione digna esse deberet.

93. 1486

    Gal. vi. 1.

94. 1487

    Magis monendo quam minando.

95. 1488

    One may see in Letter XXIX. how admirably Augustin illustrated in his own practice the directions here given.

96. 1489

    "De contentione et dolo" is Augustin's translation of the words in Rom. xiii. 13.

97. 1490

    1 Tim. iv. 12.

98. 1491

    Gal. i. 10.

99. 1492

    Ps. lii. 6, Sept.

100. 1493

     Gal. v. 13.

101. 1494

     Ps. xlix. 12, version of the LXX.

102. 1495

     Disciplina.

103. 1496

     Absidæ gradatæ.

104. 1497

     Cathedræ velatæ.

105. 1498

     John xix. 24.

106. 1499

     Evacuaretur.

107. 1500

     Ex. iv. 24, 25. Augustin believes that the angel sought to slay, not Moses, but the child, for which he gives reasons in his Quæstiones in Exodum. See Rosenmüller, Scholia.

108. 1501

     John iv. 22.

109. 1502

     John iv. 14.

110. 1503

     Acts iii. 7 and iv. 22.

111. 1504

     Matt. ii. 16.

112. 1505

     Licentius, son of Romanianus, had been a pupil of Augustin when he was in retirement at Cassiacum. In this letter and in the next we see proofs of Augustin's pious solicitude for his welfare.

113. 1506

     Extract from a long poem, by Licentius, forming § 3 of the text.

114. 1507

     John vii. 37.

115. 1508

     Matt. xi. 28-30.

116. 1509

     Compare end of sec. 3 in Letter XXV. p. 246.

117. 1510

     Therasia.

118. 1511

     Romanianus. See De Religione, ch. vii. n. 12.

119. 1512

     Alypius.

120. 1513

     Ps. xxxvi. 10.

121. 1514

     1 Cor. xiii. 12.

122. 1515

     The reference is to Ps. cxli. 5, the words of which translated from the LXX. version, are given in full in the succeeding letter.

123. 1516

     This may approximate to a translation of the three titles in the original, "Germanitas, Beatitudo, Humanitas tua."

124. 1517

     [The letters to Jerome, and Jerome's replies, are among the most interesting and important in this correspondence, especially those parts which relate to Jerome's revision of the Latin version of the Bible, and his interpretation of Gal. ii. 11-14. See Letters 40, 71, 72, 73, 75, 81, 82, 172, 195, 202. Augustin was inferior to Jerome in learning, especially as a linguist, but superior in Christian temper and humility. Jerome's false interpretation of the dispute between Paul and Peter at Antioch, which involved both apostles in hypocrisy, offended Augustin's keener sense of veracity. He here protests against it in this letter (ch. iii. ), and again in Letter 40, and thereby provokes Jerome's irritable temper. His last letters to Augustin, however, show sincere esteem and affection.—P. S.]

125. 1518

     Officiosum mendacium.

126. 1519

     Gal. ii. 11-14.

127. 1520

     1 Tim. iv. 3.

128. 1521

     1 Cor. vii. 10-16.

129. 1522

     1 Cor. xv. 14, 15.

130. 1523

     Aliqua officiose mentiri.

131. 1524

     Ps. cxli. 5, translated from the Septuagint.

132. 1525

     Leontius was Bishop of Hippo in the latter part of the second century. He built a church which was called after him, and in which some of the sermons of Augustin were delivered.

133. 1526

     Matt. vii. 6.

134. 1527

     Matt. xxi. 12.

135. 1528

     Ex. xxxii. 6.

136. 1529

     2 Cor. iii. 3.

137. 1530

     1 Cor. v. 11.

138. 1531

     1 Cor. vi. 9-11.

139. 1532

     1 Cor. xi. 20-22.

140. 1533

     Matt. vii. 16.

141. 1534

     Gal. v. 19-21.

142. 1535

     Gal. v. 22, 23.

143. 1536

     Imperatâ oratione.

144. 1537

     Ps. lxxxix. 30-33.

145. 1538

     Exhedra.

146. 1539

     1 Pet. iv. 1-3.

147. 1540

     Phil. iii. 19.

148. 1541

     1 Cor. vi. 13.

149. 1542

     Psallente.

150. 1543

     A magistrate who was also charged with the affairs pertaining to the protection of religion. The title belonged primarily to those who in the province of Asia had charge of the games.—Codex Theodosianus, xv. 9.

151. 1544

     Charitas.

152. 1545

     Letter XXX. p. 257.

153. 1546

     Matt. xi. 30.

154. 1547

     Paulinus was then at Nola, having gone thither from Barcelona in A.D. 393 or 394. He became Bishop of Nola in 409.

155. 1548

     Nobilitate siccitatis.

156. 1549

     This refers to the voluntary poverty which Paulinus and Therasia, though of high rank and great wealth, embraced, selling all that they had in order to give to the poor.

157. 1550

     Matt. v. 16.

158. 1551

     Matt. xix. 27.

159. 1552

     Luke xviii. 22, 23.

160. 1553

     Beatissimi papæ.

161. 1554

     These books of Ambrose are lost.

162. 1555

     Antistes.

163. 1556

     See Ps. xii. 7.

164. 1557

     John xiv. 27.

165. 1558

     Ps. cxli. 5.

166. 1559

     Isa. iii. 12, according to the LXX. version.

167. 1560

     Crevit caput.

168. 1561

     John xiv. 6.

169. 1562

     Corona.

170. 1563

     During Lent and the Easter holidays.

171. 1564

     Tit. i. 9-13.

172. 1565

     Constantina, a chief city of Numidia.

173. 1566

     Turris, a town in Numidia.

174. 1567

     Accessus indisciplinatus sanctimonialium.

175. 1568

     2 Tim. iv. 2 and Tit. i. 9-11.

176. 1569

     Sabbato.

177. 1570

     We give the ipsissima verba of this canon: "In his enim rebus de quibus nihil certi statuit Scriptura divina mos populi Dei vel instituta majorum pro lege tenenda sunt."

178. 1571

     In the text the name is Urbicus, from Urbs Roma.

179. 1572

     Matt. xii. 8-12.

180. 1573

     Matt. ix. 15.

181. 1574

     Eccles. iii. 4.

182. 1575

     Num. xv. 35.

183. 1576

     Matt. ix. 15.

184. 1577

     Luke xviii. 11, 12.

185. 1578

     Matt. v. 21.

186. 1579

     Rom. xiv. 3.

187. 1580

     1 Cor. viii. 8.

188. 1581

     Rom. xiv. 20.

189. 1582

     Matt. xi. 19.

190. 1583

     Ecclus. iii. 1.

191. 1584

     Priscillian, Bishop of Avila in Spain, adopted Gnostic and Manichæan errors and practices. He was condemned by the Synod of Saragossa in 381 A.D., and beheaded, along with his principal followers, by order of Maximus in 385 A.D.

192. 1585

     Acts xx. 7.

193. 1586

     Acts xx. 11.

194. 1587

     "Prima Sabbati a Matthæo, a cætetis autem tribus una Sabbati dicitur." Matt. xxviii. 1; Mark xvi. 2; Luke xxiv. 1; John xx. 1.

195. 1588

     Acts xxvii. 33.

196. 1589

     Commonly called quarta feria.

197. 1590

     Matt. xxvi. 2.

198. 1591

     Matt. xxvi. 3, 4.

199. 1592

     Matt. xxvi. 17.

200. 1593

     Ps. xxxv. 13.

201. 1594

     Ps. xlv. 13, 14.

202. 1595

     Isa. xxvi. 20.

203. 1596

     Ps. xlv. 13.

204. 1597

     Simplicianus succeeded Ambrose in the see of Milan in 397 A.D. This letter is the preface to the two books addressed to Simplicianus, and contained in vol. vi. of the Benedictine edition of Augustin.

205. 1598

     Gen. i. 3, 4.

206. 1599

     Rhagas vel exochas.

207. 1600

     Megalius, Bishop of Calama and Primate of Numidia, by whom two years before Augustin had been ordained Bishop of Hippo. The reflections upon anger which follow the allusion here to the death of Megalius were probably suggested by the remembrance of an incident in the life of that bishop. While Augustin was a presbyter, Megalius had written in anger a letter to him for which he afterwards apologized, formally retracting calumny which it contained.

208. 1601

     Matt. vi. 6.

209. 1602

     Eph. iv. 26.

210. 1603

     [Papa.]

211. 1604

     John xvi. 33.

212. 1605

     [Velut officiosa mendacia.]

213. 1606

     Gal. i. 20.

214. 1607

     Gal. ii. 14.

215. 1608

     [Obolis meis.]

216. 1609

     1 Cor. ix. 20.

217. 1610

     Gal. ii. 14.

218. 1611

     Rom. x. 3.

219. 1612

     2 Macc. vii. 1.

220. 1613

     Phil. iii. 8.

221. 1614

     1 Cor. ix. 22.

222. 1615

     2 Cor. xi. 29.

223. 1616

     The reference here is to the story of the poet Stesichorus, who, having lost his sight as a judgment for writing an attack on Helen, was miraculously healed when he wrote a poem in retractation.

224. 1617

     [Epist. XXVIII.]

225. 1618

     See Letter XXVIII. sec. 5.

226. 1619

     Ps. cxxvi. 1.

227. 1620

     Matt. v. 16.

228. 1621

     Ps. cxxii. 1.

229. 1622

     1 Cor. ix. 13.

230. 1623

     Ps. xciv. 19.

231. 1624

     On this work of Tychonius, see Augustin, De Doctrina Christiana, b. iii., in which these seven keys for the opening of Scripture are stated and examined.

232. 1625

     See Epistle XXXI. p. 258.

233. 1626

     Tit. iii. 10, 11.

234. 1627

     1 Thess. iii. 12.

235. 1628

     2 Tim. ii. 25, 26.

236. 1629

     Matt. v. 9.

237. 1630

     Tubursi, a town recently identified, half-way between Calama and Madaura.

238. 1631

     They asked judges from Gaul, as a country in which none had been guilty of surrendering the sacred books under pressure of persecution. The bishops appointed were Maternus of Agrippina, Rheticius of Augustodunum, and Marinus of Arles. They were sent to Rome with fifteen Italian bishops; Melchiades, Bishop of Rome, presided in their meeting in A.D. 313, and acquitted Cæcilianus.

239. 1632

     "In qua semper apostolicæ cathedræ viguit principatus." The use in the translalion of the indefinite article, "an apostolic chair," is vindicated by the language of Augustin in sec. 26 of this letter regarding Carthage, and by the words in Letter CCXXXII. sec. 3: "Christianæ societatis quæ per sedes apostolorum et successiones episcoporum certa per orbem propagatione diffunditur."

240. 1633

     Rom. ii. 1.

241. 1634

     Ecclus. xi. 7.

242. 1635

     Ungulæ, mentioned in Codex Justinianus. ix. 18. 7.

243. 1636

     Ordained by the Donatists bishop of Carthage in room of Cæcilianus.

244. 1637

     Matt. xiii. 29.

245. 1638

     Augustin translates ebastasas (E. V. "hast laboured") by "sustinuisti eos"—"hast tolerated them;" and upon this his argument turns.

246. 1639

     Rev. ii. 1-3.

247. 1640

     Rev. ii. 4, 5.

248. 1641

     Christum Domini.

249. 1642

     Eph. iv. 3.

250. 1643

     Augustin holds that Judas was present at the institution of the Lord's Supper. See Letter XLIV. sec. 10, p. 288.

251. 1644

     Ex. xxxii. 27, 28.

252. 1645

     Num. xvi. 31, 35.

253. 1646

     Ps. ii. 7, 8.

254. 1647

     The original has a play on the words Lucillam and Lucem.

255. 1648

     A deacon in the Donatist communion at Carthage. This matter is more fully gone into by Augustin in his second sermon on Ps. xxxvi.

256. 1649

     Formatæ.

257. 1650

     Matt. vii. 15, 16.

258. 1651

     Matt. v. 10.

259. 1652

     Macarius was sent in a.d. 348 by the Emperor Constans to Africa, to exhort all to cherish the unity of the Catholic Church, and at the same time to collect for the relief of the poor. The vehement opposition with which the Donatists met him led to conflicts and bloodshed, the Donatists claiming the honour of martyrdom for all of their party who fell in fighting with the imperial soldiers.

260. 1653

     1 Kings xviii. 40.

261. 1654

     Qui novit cui etiam prosit occidi.

262. 1655

     Let. XLIII. pp. 283, 284.

263. 1656

     Matt. xxvi. 20-28.

264. 1657

     John iv. 1, 2.

265. 1658

     John iii. 29.

266. 1659

     John xiii. 10.

267. 1660

     Eph. iv. 2, 3.

268. 1661

     Ezek. xviii. 4.

269. 1662

     The Coelicolæ are mentioned in some laws of Honorius as heretics whose heresy, if they refused to abandon it, involved them in civil penalties.

270. 1663

     Deut. xxxii. 7.

271. 1664

     1 Cor. x. 28.

272. 1665

     Matt. v. 39.

273. 1666

     Balneis vel thermis.

274. 1667

     The Benedictine Fathers translate this, in their note, sitz-bath.

275. 1668

     Gen. xxxi. 53.

276. 1669

     Gen. xxvi. 31.

277. 1670

     Judg. vi. 26.

278. 1671

     Josh. vi. 19.

279. 1672

     Deut. vii. 26.

280. 1673

     Matt. v. 34, 36.

281. 1674

     Deut. vii. 25, 26.

282. 1675

     Ps. xxiv. 1; 1 Cor. x. 25, 26; and 1 Tim. iv. 4.

283. 1676

     For Augustin's mature view on this subject, see his work, De Libero Arbitrio, i. 5. 13: "That it is wrong to shed the blood of our fellow-men in defence of those things which ought to be despised by us."

284. 1677

     Matt. v. 39.

285. 1678

     Acts xxiii. 17-24.

286. 1679

     The monastery of these brethren was in the island of Capraria—the same, I suppose, with Caprera—now so widely famous as Garibaldi's home.

287. 1680

     1 Cor. xii. 26.

288. 1681

     Matt. v. 41.

289. 1682

     Ps. lxxix. 11.

290. 1683

     Ps. xxv. 9.

291. 1684

     Deut. xvii. 11.

292. 1685

     Ps. lvii. 1 and xciv. 15.

293. 1686

     Eph. iv. 32.

294. 1687

     1 Cor. ix. 27.

295. 1688

     Eph. vi. 16.

296. 1689

     Eph. v. 19.

297. 1690

     1 Cor. x. 31.

298. 1691

     1 Cor. xii. 6.

299. 1692

     Rom. xii. 11.

300. 1693

     Ps. xxxiv. 2.

301. 1694

     Ps. xxv. 15.

302. 1695

     Phil. iv. 9.

303. 1696

     Cilicium, the garment of goats' hair worn by the brethren. These were the staple article of manufacture in Caprera, "the goat island."

304. 1697

     This letter is found only in the Vatican Ms. On this ground, and because of its tone and style, its composition has been ascribed to another hand than Augustin's. The reader may judge for himself. The sixty Christians of Suffectum (a town in the territory of Tunis), whose death is here mentioned, are commemorated in the martyrology of the Roman Catholic Church. Their day in the Calendar is Aug. 30.

305. 1698

     Singulis nummis.

306. 1699

     Jer. xxxvi. 23.

307. 1700

     Num. xvi. 31-35.

308. 1701

     Dominici libri.

309. 1702

     Felicianus and Prætextatus were two of the twelve bishops by whom Maximianus was ordained. They were condemned by the Donatist Council of Bagæ; but finding it impossible to eject them from their sees, the Donatists yielded after a time, and restored them to their office. See Letter LIII. p. 299.

310. 1703

     Ps. xxii. 27.

311. 1704

     John i. 33.

312. 1705

     We conjecture this to be the meaning of the elliptical expression EUTUChOS with which the letter ends.

313. 1706

     "Ordo." The phrase is afterwards given (sec. 2) more fully, "ordo episcoporum sibi succcdentium."

314. 1707

     Gal. i. 8.

315. 1708

     Matt. xxiv. 14.

316. 1709

     Gal. iii. 16.

317. 1710

     Totius Ecclesiæ figuram gerenti.

318. 1711

     Matt. xvi. 18.

319. 1712

     Matt. xxiii. 3.

320. 1713

     Compare the allusion to the same custom in Letter XLIII. sec. 21, p. 155.

321. 1714

     Capitulata.

322. 1715

     Matt. xiii. 30.

323. 1716

     Num. xvi. 31-33.

324. 1717

     2 Cor. xi. 13-15.

325. 1718

     2 Tim. ii. 24-26.

326. 1719

     Matt. xi. 30.

327. 1720

     Compare Letter XXXVI. sec. 32, p. 270.

328. 1721

     1 Cor. xi. 29.

329. 1722

     Agere pænitentiam.

330. 1723

     Luke xix. 6.

331. 1724

     Matt. viii. 8.

332. 1725

     In his Retractations, b. ii. ch. xx., Augustin remarks on this statement: "I do not recollect any passage by which it could be substantiated, except from the book of Wisdom (ch. xvi. 21), which the Jews do not admit to be of canonical authority." He says, in the same place, that this peculiarity of the manna must have been enjoyed only by the pious in Israel, not by the murmurers who said, "Our soul loatheth this light bread" (Num. xxi. 5).

333. 1726

     Luke xxii. 20.

334. 1727

     Manducare.

335. 1728

     1 Cor. xi. 20.

336. 1729

     1 Cor. xi. 33, 34.

337. 1730

     "Ante" is the reading of seven Mss. The Benedictine edition gives "post" in the text. We think the former gives better sense.

338. 1731

     Sancte accipiendum.

339. 1732

     Pascha.

340. 1733

     Rom. iv. 25.

341. 1734

     Had Augustin not been obliged to take his Hebrew at second hand, he might have seen that the word chsph does not bear out his interpretation. Ex. xii. 13, 27.

342. 1735

     John v. 24.

343. 1736

     Transiret.

344. 1737

     John xiii. 1.

345. 1738

     Gal. v. 6.

346. 1739

     Hab. ii. 4.

347. 1740

     Rom. viii. 24, 25.

348. 1741

     Col. ii. 12 and Rom. vi. 4.

349. 1742

     Rom. vi. 6.

350. 1743

     Eph. ii. 6.

351. 1744

     Col. iii. 1, 2.

352. 1745

     Col. iii. 3, 4.

353. 1746

     1 Cor. xv. 53.