Ground – Gunsmith

Ground

GROUND, noun

1. The surface of land or upper part of the earth, without reference to the materials which compose it. We apply ground to soil, sand or gravel indifferently, but never apply it to the whole mass of the earth or globe, nor to any portion of it when removed. We never say a shovel full or a load of ground We say under ground but not under earth; and we speak of the globe as divided into land and water, not into ground and water. Yet ground earth and land are often used synonymously. We say, the produce or fruits of the ground of the earth, or of land. The water overflows the low ground or the low land.

There was not a man to till the ground Genesis 2:5.

The ground shall give its increase. Zechariah 8:12.

The fire ran along on the ground Exodus 9:23.

2. Region; territory; as Egyptian ground; British ground; heavenly ground

3. Land; estate; possession.

Thy next design is on thy neighbor's grounds.

4. The surface of the earth, or a floor or pavement.

Dagon had fallen on his face to the ground 1 Samuel 5:4.

5. Foundation; that which supports any thing. This argument stands on defensible ground Hence,

6. Fundamental cause; primary reason or original principle. He stated the grounds of his complaint.

Making happiness the ground of his unhappiness.

7. First principles; as the grounds of religion.

8. In painting, the surface on which a figure or object is represented; that surface or substance which retains the original color, and to which the other colors are applied to make the representation; as crimson on a white ground

9. In manufactures, the principal color, to which others are considered as ornamental.

10. Grounds, plural, the bottom of liquors; dregs; lees; feces; as coffee grounds; the grounds of strong beer.

11. The plain song; the tune on which descants are raised.

On that ground I'll build a holy descant.

12. In etching, a gummous composition spread over the surface of the metal to be etched, to prevent the nitric acid from eating, except where the ground is opened with the point of a needle.

13. Field or place of action. He fought with fury, and would not quit the ground

14. In music, the name given to a composition in which the base, consisting of a few bars of independent notes, is continually repeated to a continually varying melody.

15. The foil to set a thing off.

16. Formerly, the pit of a play house.

To gain ground to advance; to proceed forward in conflict; as, an army in battle gains ground Hence, to obtain an advantage; to have some success; as, the army gains ground on the enemy. Hence,

1. To gain credit; to prevail; to become more general or extensive; as, the opinion gains ground

To lose ground to retire; to retreat; to withdraw from the position taken. Hence, to lose advantage. Hence,

1. To lose credit; to decline; to become less in force or extent.

To give ground to recede; to yield advantage.

get ground and to gather ground are seldom used.

GROUND, verb transitive To lay or set on the ground

1. To found; to fix or set, as on a foundation, cause, reason or principle; as arguments grounded on reason; faith grounded on scriptural evidence.

2. To settle in first principles; to fix firmly.

Being rooted and grounded in love Ephesians 3:17.

GROUND, verb intransitive To run aground; to strike the bottom and remain fixed; as, the ship grounded in two fathoms of water.

GROUND, preterit tense and participle passive of grind.

Ground-Ivy

GROUND'-IVY, noun A well known plant, the Glechoma hederacea; called also alehoof and gill.

Ground-Plot

GROUND'-PLOT, noun The ground on which a building is placed.

1. The ichnography of a building.

GROUND'-RENT, noun Rent paid for the privilege of building on another man's land.

GROUND'-ROOM, noun A room on the ground; a lower room.

Ground-Tackle

GROUND'-TACKLE, noun In ships, the ropes and furniture belonging to anchors.

Groundage

GROUND'AGE, noun A tax paid by a ship for standing in port.

GROUND'-ANGLING, noun Fishing without a float, with a bullet placed a few inches from the hook.

GROUND'-ASH, noun A sapling of ash; a young shoot from the stump of an ash.

GROUND'-BAIT, noun Bait for fish which sinks to the bottom of the water.

GROUND'-FLOOR, noun The first or lower floor of a house. But the English call the second floor from the ground the first floor.

Groundless

GROUND'LESS, adjective Wanting ground or foundation; wanting cause or reason for support; as groundless fear.

1. Not authorized; false; as a groundless report or assertion.

Groundlessly

GROUND'LESSLY, adjective Without reason or cause; without authority for support.

Groundlessness

GROUND'LESSNESS, noun Want of just cause, reason or authority for support.

Groundling

GROUND'LING, noun A fish that keeps at the bottom of the water; hence, a low vulgar person.

Groundly

GROUND'LY, adverb Upon principles; solidly. [A bad word and not used.]

GROUND'-NUT, noun A plant, the Arachis, a native of South America.

GROUND'-OAK, noun A sapling of oak.

GROUND'-PINE, noun A plant, a species of Teucrium or germander; said to be so called from its resinous smell.

GROUND'-PLATE, noun In architecture, the ground-plates are the outermost pieces of timber lying on or near the ground, framed into one another with mortises and tenons.

Groundsel

GROUND'SEL, noun A plant of the genus Senecio, of several species.

GROUND'SEL

GROUND'-SILL, noun [Latin sella, that which is set.]

The timber of a building which lies next to the ground; commonly called a sill.

Groundwork

GROUND'WORK, noun The work which forms the foundation or support of any thing; the basis; the fundamentals.

1. The ground; that to which the rest are additional.

2. First principle; original reason.

Group

GROUP

GROUP'ED

GROUP'ING

GROUSE, noun grous. A heath-cock or cock of the wood, a fowl of the genus Tetrao. The name is given to several species, forming a particular division of the genus; such as the black game, the red game, the ptarmigan, the ruffed grouse, etc.

Grouped

GROUP'ED

Grouping

GROUP'ING

Grouse

GROUSE, n. grous. A heath-cock or cock of the wood, a fowl of the genus Tetrao. The name is given to several species, forming a particular division of the genus; such as the black game, the red game, the ptarmigan, the ruffed grouse, &c.

Grout

GROUT, noun Coarse meal; pollard.

1. A kind of wild apple.

2. A thin coarse mortar.

3. That which purges off.

Grove

GROVE, noun

1. In gardening, a small wood or cluster of trees with a shaded avenue, or a wood impervious to the rays of the sun. A grove is either open or close; open, when consisting of large trees whose branches shade the ground below; close, when consisting of trees and underwood, which defend the avenues from the rays of the sun and from violent winds.

2. A wood of small extent. In America, the word is applied to a wood of natural growth in the field, as well as to planted trees in a garden, but only to a wood of small extent and not to a forest.

3. Something resembling a wood or trees in a wood.

Tall groves of masts arose in beauteous pride.

Grovel

GROV'EL, verb intransitive grov'l.

1. To creep on the earth, or with the face to the ground; to lie prone, or move with the body prostrate on the earth; to act in a prostrate posture.

Gaze on and grovel on thy face.

To creep and grovel on the ground.

2. To be low or mean; a groveling sense; groveling thoughts.

Groveler

GROV'ELER, noun One who grovels; an abject wretch.

Groveling

GROV'ELING, participle present tense Creeping; moving on the ground.

1. Mean; without dignity or elevation.

Grovy

GRO'VY, adjective Pertaining to a grove; frequenting groves.

Grow

GROW, verb intransitive preterit tense grew; participle passive grown. [Latin cresco.]

1. To enlarge in bulk or stature, by a natural, imperceptible addition of matter, through ducts and secreting organs, as animal and vegetable bodies; to vegetate as plants, or to be augmented by natural process, as animals. Thus, a plant grows from a seed to a shrub or tree, and a human being grows from a fetus to a man.

He causeth the grass to grow for cattle. Psalms 104:14.

2. To be produced by vegetation; as, wheat grows in most parts of the world; rice grows only in warm climates.

3. To increase; to be augmented; to wax; as, a body grows larger by inflation or distension; intemperance is a growing evil.

4. To advance; to improve; to make progress; as, to grow in grace, in knowledge, in piety. The young man is growing in reputation.

5. To advance; to extend. His reputation is growing.

6. To come by degrees; to become; to reach any state; as, he grows more skillful, or more prudent. Let not vice grow to a habit, or into a habit.

7. To come forward; to advance. [Not much used.]

Winter began to grow fast on.

8. To be changed from one state to another; to become; as, to grow pale; to grow poor; to grow rich.

9. To proceed, as from a cause or reason. Lax morals may grow from errors in opinion.

10. To accrue; to come.

Why should damage grow to the hurt of the kings. Ezra 4:22.

11. To swell; to increase; as, the wind grew to a tempest.

To grow out of, to issue from; as plants from the soil, or as a branch from the main stem.

These wars have grown out of commercial considerations.

To grow up, to arrive at manhood, or to advance to full stature or maturity.

To grow up,

To grow together, To close and adhere; to become united by growth; as flesh or the bark of a tree severed.

GROW, signifies properly to shoot out, to enlarge; but it is often used to denote a passing from one state to another, and from greater to less.

Marriages grow less frequent.

[To grow less, is an abuse of this word; the phrase should be to become less.]

GROW, verb transitive To produce; to raise; as, a farmer grows large quantities of wheat. [This is a modern abusive use of grow but prevalent in Great Britain, and the British use begins to be imitated in America. Until within a few years, we never heard grow used as a transitive verb in New England, and the ear revolts at the practice.]

Grower

GROWER, noun One who grows; that which increases.

1. In English use, one who raises or produces.

Growing

GROWING, participle present tense Increasing; advancing in size or extent; becoming; accruing; swelling; thriving.

Growl

GROWL, verb intransitive [Gr. a grunting.] To murmur or snarl, as a dog; to utter an angry, grumbling sound.

GROWL, verb transitive To express by growling.

GROWL, noun The murmur of a cross dog.

Growler

GROWL'ER, noun A snarling cur; a grumbler.

Growling

GROWL'ING, participle present tense Grumbling; snarling.

Grown

GROWN, participle passive of grow. Advanced; increased in growth.

1. Having arrived at full size or stature; as a grown woman.

GROWN over, covered by the growth of any thing; overgrown.

Growse

GROWSE, verb intransitive To shiver; to have chills. [Not used.]

Growth

GROWTH, noun The gradual increase of animal and vegetable bodies; the process of springing from a germ, seed or root, and proceeding to full size, by the addition of matter, through ducts and secretory vessels. In plants, vegetation. We speak of slow growth and rapid growth; of early growth; late growth and full growth

1. Product; produce; that which has grown; as a fine growth of wood.

2. Production; any thing produced; as a poem of English growth

3. Increase in number, bulk or frequency.

4. Increase in extent or prevalence; as the growth of trade; the growth of vice.

5. Advancement; progress; improvement; as growth in grace or piety.

Growthead

GROWT'HEAD

GROWT'NOL noun

1. A kind of fish.

2. A lazy person

Grub

GRUB, verb intransitive To dig; to be occupied in digging.

GRUB, verb transitive To dig; mostly followed by up. To grub up, is to dig up by the roots with an instrument; to root out by digging, or throwing out the soil; as, to grub up trees, rushes or sedge.

GRUB, noun [from the Verb.] A small worm; particularly, a hexapod or six-footed worm, produced from the egg of the beetle, which is transformed into a winged insect.

1. A short thick man; a dwarf, in contempt.

Grubber

GRUB'BER, noun One who grubs up shrubs, etc.

Grubbing-Hoe

GRUB'BING-HOE, noun An instrument for digging up trees, shrubs, etc. by the roots; a mattoc; called also a grub-ax.

Grubble

GRUB'BLE, verb intransitive To feel in the dark; to grovel. [Not much used.]

Grubstreet

GRUB'STREET, noun Originally, the name of a street near Moorfields, in London, much inhabited by mean writers; hence applied to mean writings; as a grubstreet poem.

Grudge

GRUDGE', verb transitive [Latin rugio.]

1. To be discontented at another's enjoyments or advantages; to envy one the possession or happiness which we desire for ourselves.

'Tis not in thee

To grudge my pleasures, to cut off my train.

I have often heard the presbyterians say, they did not grudge us our employments.

It is followed by two objects, but probably by ellipsis; as, grudge us for grudge to us.

2. To give or take unwillingly.

Nor grudge my cold embraces in the grave.

They have grudged those contributions, which have set our country at the head of all the governments of Europe.

GRUDGE, verb intransitive To murmur; to repine; to complain; as, to grudge or complain of injustice.

1. To be unwilling or reluctant. Not to serve your country.

2. To be envious.

GRUDGE not one against another. James 5:9.

3. To wish in secret. [Not used nor proper.]

4. To feel compunction; to grieve. [Not in use.]

GRUDGE, noun Sullen malice or malevolence; ill will; secret enmity; hatred; as an old grudge

1. Unwillingness to benefit.

2. Remorse of conscience.

Grudgeons

GRUDG'EONS, noun plural Coarse meal. [Not in use.]

Grudger

GRUDG'ER, noun One that grudges; a murmurer.

Grudging

GRUDG'ING, participle passive Envying; being uneasy at another's possession of something which we have a desire to possess.

GRUDG'ING, noun Uneasiness at the possession of something by another.

1. Reluctance; also, a secret wish or desire.

He had a grudging still to be a knave.

2. A symptom of disease. [Not in use.]

Grudgingly

GRUDG'INGLY, adverb Unwillingly; with reluctance or discontent; as, to give grudgingly

Gruel

GRU'EL, noun A kind of light food made by boiling meal in water. It is usually made of the meal of oats or maiz.

Gruff

GRUFF, adjective Of a rough or stern countenance; sour; surly; severe; rugged; harsh.

Gruffly

GRUFF'LY, adverb Roughly; sternly; ruggedly; harshly.

--And gruffly looked the god.

Gruffness

GRUFF'NESS, noun Roughness of countenance; sternness.

Grum

GRUM, adjective

1. Morose; severe of countenance; sour; surly.

2. Low; deep in the throat; guttural; rumbling; as a grum voice.

Grumble

GRUM'BLE, verb intransitive [Heb. to roar, murmur, thunder.]

1. To murmur with discontent; to utter a low voice by way of complaint.

L'Avare, not using half his store,

Still grumbles that he has no more.

2. To growl; to snarl; as a lion grumbling over his prey.

3. To rumble; to roar; to make a harsh and heavy sound; as grumbling thunder; a grumbling storm. [In this sense, rumble is generally used.]

Grumbler

GRUM'BLER, noun One who grumbles or murmurs; one who complains; a discontented man.

Grumbling

GRUM'BLING, participle present tense Murmuring through discontent; rumbling; growling.

GRUM'BLING, noun A murmuring through discontent; a rumbling.

Grumblingly

GRUM'BLINGLY, adverb With grumbling or complaint.

Grume

GRUME, noun [Latin grumus.] A thick viscid consistence of a fluid; a clot, as of blood, etc.

Grumly

GRUM'LY, adverb Morosely; with a sullen countenance.

Grumous

GRU'MOUS, adjective Thick; concreted; clotted; as grumous blood.

Grumousness

GRU'MOUSNESS, noun A state of being clotted or concreted.

Grundsel

GRUND'SEL, noun [See Groundsel.]

Grunt

GRUNT, verb intransitive [Latin grunnio; Heb. to cry out, to murmur.]

To murmur like a hog; to utter a short groan or a deep guttural sound.

GRUNT, noun A deep guttural sound, as a hog.

Grunter

GRUNT'ER, noun One that grunts.

1. A fish of the gurnard king.

Grunting

GRUNT'ING, participle present tense Uttering the murmuring or guttural sound of swine or other animals.

GRUNT'ING, noun The guttural sound of swine and other animals.

Gruntle

GRUNT'LE, verb intransitive To grunt. [Not much used.]

Gruntling

GRUNT'LING, noun A young hog.

Grutch

GRUTCH, for grudge, is now vulgar, and not to be used.

Gry

GRY, noun A measure containing one tenth of a line.

1. Any thing very small or of little value. [Not much used.]

Gryphite

GRYPH'ITE, noun [Latin gryphites; Gr. hooked.]

Crowstone, an oblong fossil shell, narrow at the head, and wider towards the extremity, where it ends in a circular limb; the head or beak is very hooked.

Guaiacum

GUAIACUM, noun gua'cum. Lignum vitae, or pock wood; a tree produced in the warm climates of America. The wood is very hard, ponderous and resinous. The resin of this tree, or gum guaiacum is of a greenish cast, and much used in medicine as a stimulant.

Guana

GU'ANA, noun A species of lizard, found in the warmer parts of America.

Guanaco

GUANACO, noun The lama, or camel of South America, in a wild state.

Guano

GU'ANO, noun A substance found on many isles in the Pacific, which are frequented by fowls; used as a manure.

Guara

GU'ARA, noun A bird of Brazil, the Tantalus ruber, about the size of a spoonbill. When first hatched, it is black; it afterward changes to gray, and then to vivid red.

Guarantee

GUARANTEE', noun A warrantor. [See Guaranty, the noun.]

Guarantied

GUAR'ANTIED, participle passive gar'antied. Warranted. [See the Verb.]

Guarantor

GUAR'ANTOR, noun gar'antor. A warrantor; one who engages to see that the stipulations of another are performed; also, one who engages to secure another in any right or possession.

Guaranty

GUAR'ANTY, verb transitive gar'anty. [Eng. to ward; allied to warren, etc. See Warrant.]

1. To warrant; to make sure; to undertake or engage that another person shall perform what he has stipulated; to oblige one's self to see that another's engagements are performed; to secure the performance of; as, to guaranty the execution of a treaty.

2. To undertake to secure to another, at all events, as claims, rights or possessions. Thus in the treaty of 1778, France guarantied to the United States their liberty, sovereignty and independence, and their possessions; and the United States guarantied to France its possessions in America.

The United States shall guaranty to every state in the Union a republican form of government.

3. To indemnify; to save harmless.

[Note. This verb, whether written guaranty or guarantee, forms an awkward participle of the present tense; and we cannot relish either guarantying or guaranteeing. With the accent on the first syllable, as now pronounced, it seems expedient to drop the y in the participle, and write guaranting.]

GUAR'ANTY, noun

1. An undertaking or engagement by a third person or party, that the stipulations of a treaty shall be observed by the contracting parties or by one of them; an undertaking that the engagement or promise of another shall be performed.

2. One who binds himself to see the stipulations of another performed; written also guarantee.

Guard

GUARD, verb transitive gard. [Latin verus; wahren, to keep, to last, to hold out; bewahren, to keep or preserve; bewahren, to verify, to confirm; Eng. ware, aware; ]

1. To secure against injury, loss or attack; to protect; to defend; to keep in safety. We guard a city by walls and forts. A harbor is guarded by ships, booms or batteries. Innocence should be guarded by prudence and piety. Let observation and experience guard us against temptations to vice.

2. To secure against objections or the attacks of malevolence.

Homer has guarded every circumstance with caution.

3. To accompany and protect; to accompany for protection; as, to guard a general on a journey; to guard the baggage of an army.

4. To adorn with lists, laces or ornaments.

5. To gird; to fasten by binding.

GUARD, verb intransitive To watch by way of caution or defense; to be cautions; to be in a state of defense or safety. guard against mistakes, or against temptations.

GUARD, noun [Eng. ward.]

1. Defense; preservation or security against injury, loss or attack.

2. That which secures against attack or injury; that which defends. Modesty is the guard of innocence.

3. A man or body of men occupied in preserving a person or place from attack or injury; he or they whose business is to defend, or to prevent attack or surprise. Kings have their guards to secure their persons. Joseph was sold to Potiphar, a captain of Pharaoh's guard

4. A state of caution or vigilance; or the act of observing what passes in order to prevent surprise or attack; care; attention; watch; heed. Be on your guard Temerity puts a man off his guard

5. That which secures against objections or censure; caution of expression.

They have expressed themselves with as few guards and restrictions as I.

6. Part of the hilt of a sword, which protects the hand.

7. In fencing, a posture of defense.

8. An ornamental lace, hem or boarder.

Advanced guard

Van guard In military affairs, a body of troops, either horse or foot, that march before an army or division, to prevent surprise, or give notice of danger.

Rear guard a body of troops that march in the rear of an army or division, for its protection.

Life guard a body of select troops, whose duty is to defend the person of a prince or other officer.

GUARD'-BOAT, noun A boat appointed to row the rounds among ships of war in a harbor, to observe that their officers keep a good look-out.

GUARD'-CHAMBER, noun A guard-room. 1 Kings 14:27.

Guard-Room

GUARD'-ROOM, noun A room for the accommodation of guards.

GUARD'-SHIP, noun A vessel of war appointed to superintend the marine affairs in a harbor or river, and to receive impressed seamen.

Guardable

GUARD'ABLE, adjective That may be protected.

Guardage

GUARD'AGE, noun Wardship.

Guardant

GUARD'ANT, adjective Acting as guardian.

1. In heraldry, having the face turned toward the spectator.

Guarded

GUARD'ED, participle passive Defended; protected; accompanied by a guard; provided with means of defense.

1. Cautions; circumspect. He was guarded in his expressions.

2. Framed or uttered with caution; as, his expressions were guarded

Guardedly

GUARD'EDLY, adverb With circumspection.

Guardedness

GUARD'EDNESS, noun Caution; circumspection.

Guarder

GUARD'ER, noun One that guards.

Guardful

GUARD'FUL, adjective Wary; cautious.

Guardian

GUARD'IAN, noun

1. A warden; one who guards, preserves or secures; one to whom any thing is committed for preservation from injury.

2. In law, one who is chosen or appointed to take charge of the estate and education of an orphan who is a minor, or of any person who is not of sufficient discretion to manage his own concerns. The person committed to the care of a guardian is called his ward.

Guardian of the spiritualities, the person to whom the spiritual jurisdiction of a diocese is entrusted, during the vacancy of the see.

GUARD'IAN, adjective Protection; performing the office of a protector; as a guardian angel; guardian care.

Guardianess

GUARD'IANESS, noun A female guardian. [Not in use.]

Guardianship

GUARD'IANSHIP, noun The office of a guardian; protection; care; watch.

Guarding

GUARD'ING, participle present tense Defending; protecting; securing; attending for protection.

Guardless

GUARD'LESS, adjective Without a guard or defense.

Guardship

GUARD'SHIP, noun Care; protection. [Little used.]

Guarish

GUA'RISH, verb transitive To heal.

Guava

GU'AVA, noun An American tree, and its fruit, of the genus Psidium. It is of two species, or rather varieties, the pyriferum or white guava and pomiferum or red guava The fruit or berry is large and oval-shaped, like a pomegranate, which it resembles in its astringent quality. The pulp is of an agreeable flavor, and of this fruit is made a delicious jelly.

Gubernate

GU'BERNATE, verb transitive [Latin guberno.] To govern. [Not used.]

Gubernation

GUBERNA'TION, noun [Latin gubernatio. See Govern.]

Government; rule; direction. [Little used.]

Gubernative

GU'BERNATIVE, adjective Governing.

Gubernatorial

GUBERNATO'RIAL, adjective [Latin gubernator.] Pertaining to government, or to a governor.

Gudgeon

GUD'GEON, noun gud'jin. A small fish of the genus Cyprinus, a fish easily caught, and hence,

1. A person easily cheated or ensnared.

2. A bait; allurement; something to be caught to a man's disadvantage.

3. An iron pin on which a wheel turns.

Sea-gudgeon, the black goby or rock fish.

Guelf

GUELF

GUELPH, noun The Guelfs, so called from the name of a family, composed a faction formerly in Italy, opposed to the Gibelines.

Guelph

GUELPH, n. The Guelfs, so called from the name of a family, composed a faction formerly in Italy, opposed to the Gibelines.

Guerdon

GUER'DON, noun ger'don. A reward; requital; recompense; in a good or bad sense.

GUER'DON, verb transitive To reward.

Guerdonless

GUER'DONLESS, adjective Unrecompensed.

Guess

GUESS, verb transitive ges. [Latin conjicio; Eng. to gush.]

1. To conjecture; to form an opinion without certain principles or means of knowledge; to judge at random, either of a present unknown fact, or of a future fact.

First, if thou canst, the harder reason guess

2. To judge or form an opinion from some reasons that render a thing probable, but fall short of sufficient evidence. From slight circumstances or occasional expressions, we guess an author's meaning.

3. To hit upon by accident.

GUESS, verb intransitive To conjecture; to judge at random. We do not know which road to take, but we must guess at it.

GUESS, noun Conjecture; judgment without any certain evidence or grounds.

A poet must confess

His arts like physic, but a happy guess

Guessed

GUESS'ED, participle passive Conjectured; divined.

Guesser

GUESS'ER, noun One who guesses; a conjecturer; one who judges or gives an opinion without certain means of knowing.

Guessing

GUESS'ING, participle present tense Conjecturing; judging without certain evidence, or grounds of opinion.

Guessingly

GUESS'INGLY, adverb By way of conjecture.

Guest

GUEST, noun gest. [Latin visito; Eng. visit.]

1. A stranger; one who comes from a distance, and takes lodgings at a place, either for a night or for a longer time.

2. A visitor; a stranger or friend, entertained in the house or at the table of another, whether by invitation or otherwise.

The wedding was furnished with guests. Matthew 22:10.

GUEST'-CHAMBER, noun An apartment appropriated to the entertainment of guests. Mark 14:1.

GUEST'-RITE, noun Office due to a guest

GUEST'-ROPE

GUESS'-ROPE, noun A rope to tow with, or to make fast a boat.

Guestwise

GUEST'WISE, adverb In the manner of a guest.

Guggle

GUGGLE. [See Gurgle.]

Guhr

GUHR, noun A loose, earthy deposit from water, found in the cavities or clefts of rocks, mostly white, but sometimes red or yellow, from a mixture of clay or ocher.

Guidable

GUIDABLE, adjective That may be guided or governed by counsel.

Guidage

GUIDAGE, noun [See Guide.] The reward given to a guide for services. [Little used.]

Guidance

GUIDANCE, noun [See Guide.] The act of guiding; direction; government; a leading. Submit to the guidance of age and wisdom.

Guide

GUIDE, verb transitive gide.

1. To lead or direct in a way; to conduct in a course or path; as, to guide an enemy or a traveler, who is not acquainted with the road or course.

The meek will he guide in judgment. Psalms 25:9.

2. To direct; to order.

He will guide his affairs with discretion. Psalms 112:5,

3. To influence; to give direction to. Men are guided by their interest, or supposed interest.

4. To instruct and direct. Let parents guide their children to virtue, dignity and happiness.

5. To direct; to regulate and manage; to superintend.

I will that the younger women marry, bear children, and guide the house. 1 Timothy 5:14.

GUIDE, noun

1. A person who leads or directs another in his way or course; a conductor. The army followed the guide The traveler may be deceived by his guide

2. One who directs another in his conduct or course of life.

He will be our guide even unto death. Psa 48.

3. A director; a regulator; that which leads or conducts. Experience is one of our best guides.

Guided

GUIDED, participle passive Led; conducted; directed in the way; instructed and directed.

Guideless

GUIDELESS, adjective Destitute of a guide; wanting a director.

Guidepost

GUIDEPOST, noun A post at the forks of a road, for directing travelers the way.

Guider

GUIDER, noun A guide; one who guides or directs.

Guiding

GUIDING, participle present tense Leading; conducting; directing; superintending.

Guidon

GUIDON, noun The flag or standard of a troop of cavalry; or the standard-bearer.

Guild

GUILD, noun gild. In England, a society, fraternity or company, associated for some purpose, particularly for carrying on commerce. The merchant-guilds of our ancestors, answer to our modern corporations. They were licensed by the king, and governed by laws and orders of their own. Hence the name Guild-hall, the great court of judicature in London.

GUID'ABLE, adjective Liable to a tax.

Guilder

GUILDER, noun [See Gilder.]

Guildless

GUILDLESS, adjective Free from guile or deceit; artless; frank; sincere; honest.

Guile

GUILE, noun gile. Craft; cunning; artifice; duplicity; deceit; usually in a bad sense.

We may, with more successful hope, resolve

To wage by force or guile eternal war.

Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile John 1:47.

GUILE, verb transitive To disguise craftily.

Guileful

GUILEFUL, adjective Cunning; drafty; artful; wily; deceitful; insidious; as a guileful person.

1. Treacherous; deceitful.

2. Intended to deceive; as guileful words.

Guilefully

GUILEFULLY, adverb Artfully; insidiously; treacherously.

Guilefulness

GUILEFULNESS, noun Deceit, secret treachery.

Guilelessness

GUILELESSNESS, noun Simplicity; freedom from guile.

Guiler

GUILER, noun One who betrays into danger by insidious arts. [Not used.]

Guillemot

GUIL'LEMOT, noun A water fowl of the genus Colymbus, and order of ansers. It is found in the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America.

Guillotin

GUIL'LOTIN, noun An engine or machine for beheading persons at a stroke.

GUIL'LOTIN, verb transitive To behead with the guillotin

Guills

GUILLS, noun A plant, the corn marigold.

Guilt

GUILT, noun gilt.

1. Criminality; that state of a moral agent which results from his actual commission of a crime or offense, knowing it to be a crime, or violation of law. To constitute guilt there must be a moral agent enjoying freedom of will, and capable of distinguishing between right and wrong, and a wilful or intentional violation of a known law, or rule of duty. The guilt of a person exists, as soon as the crime is committed; but to evince it to others, it must be proved by confession, or conviction in due course of law. guilt renders a person a debtor to the law, as it binds him to pay a penalty in money or suffering. guilt therefore implies both criminality and liableness to punishment. guilt may proceed either from a positive act or breach of law, or from voluntary neglect of known duty.

2. Criminality in a political or civil view; exposure to forfeiture or other penalty.

A ship incurs guilt by the violation of a blockade.

3. Crime; offense.

Guiltily

GUILT'ILY, adverb In a manner to incur guilt, not innocently.

Guiltiness

GUILT'INESS, noun The state of being guilty; wickedness; criminality; guilt.

Guiltless

GUILT'LESS, adjective Free from guilt, crime or offense; innocent.

The Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. Exodus 20:7.

1. Not produced by the slaughter of animals.

But from the mountain's grassy side

A guiltless feast I bring.

Guiltlessly

GUILT'LESSLY, adverb Without guilt; innocently.

Guiltlessness

GUILT'LESSNESS, noun Innocence; freedom from guilt or crime.

GUILT'-SICK, adjective Diseased in consequence of guilt.

Guilty

GUILT'Y, adjective gilt'y. Criminal; having knowingly committed a crime or offense, or having violated a law by an overt act or by neglect, and by that act or neglect, being liable to punishment; not innocent. It may be followed by of; as, to be guilty of theft or arson.

Nor he, nor you, were guilty of the strife.

1. Wicked; corrupt; sinful; as a guilty world.

2. Conscious.

In Scripture, to be guilty of death, is to have committed a crime which deserves death. Matthew 26:66.

To be guilty of the body and blood of Christ, is to be chargeable with the crime of crucifying Christ afresh, and offering indignity to his person and righteousness, represented by the symbols of the Lord's supper. 1 Corinthians 11:27.

Guinea

GUIN'EA, noun gin'ny. Formerly, a gold coin in Great Britain of the value of twenty one shillings sterling, equal to $4.66 2/3rds, American money.

Guinea-Dropper

GUIN'EA-DROPPER, noun One who cheats by dropping guineas.

Guinea-Hen

GUIN'EA-HEN, noun The Numida meleagris, a fowl of the gallinaceous order, a native of Africa. It is larger than the common domestic hen, and has a kind of colored fleshy horn on each side of the head. Its color is a dark gray, beautifully variegated with small white spots.

Guinea-Pepper

GUIN'EA-PEP'PER, noun A plant, the Capsicum. The pods of some species are used for pickles.

Guinea-Pig

GUIN'EA-PIG, noun In zoology, a quadruped of the genus Cavia or cavy, found in Brazil. It is about seven inches in length, and of a white color, variegated with spots of orange and black.

Guiniad

GUIN'IAD

GUISE, noun gize.

1. External appearance; dress; garb. He appeared in the guise of a shepherd. The hypocrite wears the guise of religion.

That love which is without dissimulation, wears not the guise of modern liberality.

2. Manner; mien; cast of behavior.

By their guise

Just men they seem.

3. Custom; mode; practice.

The swain replied, it never was our guise,

To slight the poor, or aught humane despise.

Guise

GUISE, n. gize. 1. External appearance; dress; garb. He appeared in the guise of a shepherd. The hypocrite wears the guise of religion. That love which is without dissimulation, wears not the guise of modern liberality.2. Manner; mien; cast of behavior. By their guise Just men they seem. 3. Custom; mode; practice. The swain replied, it never was our guise, To slight the poor, or aught humane despise.

Guiser

GUISER, noun gi'zer. A person in disguise; a mummer who goes about at Christmas.

Guitar

GUIT'AR, noun git'ar. [Latin cithara.] A stringed instrument of music; in England and the United States, used chiefly by ladies, but in Spain and Italy, much used by men.

Gula

GU'LA

GO'LA, noun An ogee or wavy member in a building; the cymatium.

Gulaund

GU'LAUND, noun An aquatic fowl of a size between a duck and a goose; the breast and belly white; the head mallard green. It inhabits Iceland.

Gulch

GULCH, noun A glutton; a swallowing or devouring. [Not used.]

GULCH, verb transitive To swallow greedily. [Not used.]

Gules

GULES, noun In heraldry, a term denoting red, intended perhaps to represent courage, animation or hardihood.

Gulf

GULF, noun

1. A recess in the ocean from the general line of the shore into the land, or a tract of water extending from the ocean or a sea into the land, between two points or promontories; a large bay; as the gulf of Mexico; the gulf of Venice; the gulf of Finland. A gulf and a bay differ only in extent. We apply bay to a large or small recess of the sea, as the bay of Biscay, the bay of Fundy; but gulf is applied only to a large extent of water.

2. An abyss; a deep place in the earth; as the gulf of Avernus.

3. A whirlpool; an absorbing eddy.

4. Any thing insatiable.

Gulf-Indented

GULF-INDENT'ED, adjective Indented with gulfs or bays.

Gulfy

GULF'Y, adjective Full of whirlpools or gulfs; as a gulfy sea.

Gull

GULL, verb transitive To deceive; to cheat; to mislead by deception; to trick; to defraud.

The vulgar, gull'd into rebellion, armed.

GULL, noun A cheating or cheat; trick; fraud.

1. One easily cheated.

GULL, noun A marine fowl of the genus Larus, and order of ansers. There are several species.

Gullcatcher

GULL'CATCHER, noun A cheat; a man who cheats or entraps silly people.

Gulled

GULL'ED, participle passive Cheated; deceived; defrauded.

Guller

GULL'ER, noun A cheat; an imposter.

Gullery

GULL'ERY, noun Cheat. [Not used.]

Gullet

GUL'LET, noun [Latin gula.] The passage in the neck of an animal by which food and liquor are taken into the stomach; the esophagus.

1. A stream or lake. [Not used.]

Gullied

GUL'LIED, participle passive Having a hollow worn by water.

Gullish

GULL'ISH, noun Foolish; stupid. [Not in use.]

Gullishness

GULL'ISHNESS, noun Foolishness; stupidity. [Not in use.]

Gully

GUL'LY, noun A channel or hollow worn in the earth by a current of water.

GUL'LY, verb transitive To wear a hollow channel in the earth.

GUL'LY, verb intransitive To run with noise. [Not in use.]

Gullyhole

GUL'LYHOLE, noun An opening where gutters empty their contents into the subterraneous sewer.

Gulosity

GULOS'ITY, noun [Latin gulosus, from gula, the gullet.]

Greediness; voracity; excessive appetite for food. [Little used.]

Gulp

GULP, verb transitive To swallow eagerly, or in large draughts.

To gulp up, to throw up from the throat or stomach; to disgorge.

GULP, noun A swallow, or as much as is swallowed at once.

1. A disgorging.

Gulph

GULPH. [See Gulf.]

Gum

GUM, noun The hard fleshy substance of the jaws which invests the teeth.

GUM, noun [Latin gummi.] The mucilage of vegetables; a concrete juice which exudes through the bark of trees, and thickens on the surface. It is soluble in water, to which it gives a viscous and adhesive quality. It is insoluble in alcohol, and coagulates in weak acids. When dry, it is transparent and brittle, not easily pulverized, and of an insipid or slightly saccharine taste. gum differs from resin in several particulars, but custom has inaccurately given the name of gum to several resins and gum-resins, as gum-copal. gum-sandarach, gum-ammoniac, and others. The true gums are gumarabic, gum-senegal, gum-tragacanth, and the gums of the peach, plum and cherry trees, etc.

GUM-elastic, or Elastic-gum, [caoutchouc, ] is a singular substance, obtained from a tree in America by incision. It is a white juice, which, when dry, becomes very tough and elastic, and is used for bottles, surgical instruments, etc.

GUM, verb transitive To smear with gum

1. To unite by a viscous substance.

Gum-Arabic

GUM-AR'ABIC, noun A gum which flows from the acacia, in Arabia, Egypt, etc.

GUM'-BOIL, noun A boil on the gum.

Gum-Resin

GUM-RESIN, noun [See Resin.] A mixed juice of plants, consisting of resin and an extractive matter, which has been taken for a gummy substance. The gum-resins do not flow naturally from plants, but are mostly extracted by incision, in the form of white, yellow or red emulsive fluids, which dry and consolidate. The most important species are olibanum, galbanum, scammony, gamboge, euphorbium, assafetida, aloes, myrrh, and gum-ammoniac.

GUM-RESINs are natural combinations of gum and resin.

GUM-RESINs are composed of a gum or extractive matter, and a body intermediate between oil and resin; to which last they owe their peculiar properties.

Gum-Senegal

GUM-SEN'EGAL, noun A gum resembling gum-arabic, brought from the country of the river Senegal in Africa.

Gum-Tragacanth

GUM-TRAG'ACANTH, noun The gum of a thorny shrub of that name, in Crete, Asia and Greece.

Gumlac

GUM'LAC, noun The produce of an insect which deposits its eggs on the branches of a tree called bihar, in Assam, a country bordering on Tibet, and elsewhere in Asia. [See Lac.]

Gumminess

GUM'MINESS, noun The state or quality of being gummy; viscousness.

1. Accumulation of gum.

Gummosity

GUMMOS'ITY, noun The nature of gum; gumminess; a viscous or adhesive quality.

Gummous

GUM'MOUS, adjective Of the nature or quality of gum; viscous; adhesive.

Gummy

GUM'MY, adjective Consisting of gum; of the nature of gum; viscous; adhesive.

1. Productive of gum.

2. Covered with gum or viscous matter.

Gump

GUMP, noun A foolish person; a dolt. [Vulgar.]

Gumption

GUMP'TION, noun Care; skill; understanding. [Vulgar.]

Gun

GUN, noun An instrument consisting of a barrel or tube of iron or other metal fixed in a stock, from which balls, shot or other deadly weapons are discharged by the explosion of gunpowder. The larger species of guns are called cannon; and the smaller species are called muskets, carbines, fowling pieces, etc. But one species of fire-arms, the pistol, is never called a gun

GUN, verb intransitive To shoot.

GUN'-BARREL, noun The barrel or tube of a gun

Gun-Carriage

GUN'-CARRIAGE, noun A wheel carriage for bearing and moving cannon.

Gunboat

GUN'BOAT, noun A boat or small vessel fitted to carry a gun or two at the bow.

Gunnel

GUN'NEL. [See Gunwale.]

Gunner

GUN'NER, noun One skilled in the use of guns; a cannoneer; an officer appointed to manage artillery. The gunner of a ship of war has the charge of the ammunition and artillery, and his duty is to keep the latter in good order, and to teach the men the exercise of the guns.

Gunnery

GUN'NERY, noun The act of charging, directing and firing guns, as cannon, mortars and the like. gunnery is founded on the science of projectiles.

Gunning

GUN'NING, noun The act of hunting or shooting game with a gun.

Gunpowder

GUN'POWDER, noun A composition of saltpeter, sulphur and charcoal, mixed and reduced to a fine powder, then granulated and dried. It is used in artillery, in shooting game, in blasting rocks, etc.

Gunroom

GUN'ROOM, noun In ships, an apartment on the after end of the lower gun-deck, occupied by the gunner, or by the lieutenants as a mess-room.

Gunshot

GUN'SHOT, noun The distance of the point blank range of a cannon-shot.

GUN'SHOT, adjective Made by the shot of a gun; as a gunshot wound.

Gunsmith

GUN'SMITH, noun A maker of small arms; one whose occupation is to make or repair small fire-arms.