Rose-Water – Rudely

Rose-Water

RO'SE-WATER, noun Water tinctured with roses by distillation.

Rose-Wood

RO'SE-WOOD, noun A plant or tree of the genus Aspalathus, growing in warm climates, from which is obtained the oleum rhodii, an agreeable perfume, used in scenting pomatum and liniments.

Roseal

RO'SEAL, adjective [Latin roseus.] Like a rose in smell or color.

Roseate

RO'SEATE, adjective

1. Rosy; full of roses; as roseate bowers.

2. Blooming; of a rose color; as roseate beauty.

Rosebay

RO'SEBAY, noun A plant, the Nerium oleander. The dwarf rosebay is the rhododendron.

Rosed

RO'SED, A crimsoned; flushed.

Rosemary

RO'SEMARY, noun [Latin rosmarinus, sea-rose; rosa and marinus.]

A verticillate plant of the genus Rosmarinus, growing naturally in the southern part of France, Spain and Italy. It has a fragrant smell and a warm pungent bitterish taste.

Roset

RO'SET, noun A red color used by painters.

Rosicrucian

ROSICRU'CIAN, noun [Latin ros, dew, and crux, cross; dew, the most powerful dissolvent of gold, according to these fanatics, and cross, the emblem of light.]

The Rosicrucians were a sect or cabal of hermetical philosophers, or rather fanatics, who sprung up in Germany in the fourteenth century, and made great pretensions to science; and among other things, pretended to be masters of the secret of the philosopher's stone.

ROSICRU'CIAN, adjective Pertaining to the Rosicrucians, or their arts.

Rosier

ROSIER, n ro'zhur. A rose bush. [Not in use.]

Rosin

ROS'IN, noun s as z. [This is only a different orthography of resin. Latin resina. See Resin.]

1. Inspissated turpentine, a juice of the pine.

2. Any inspissated matter of vegetables that dissolves in spirit of wine.

ROS'IN, verb transitive To rub with rosin

Rosiness

RO'SINESS, noun s as z. The quality of being rosy, or of resembling the color of the rose.

Rosiny

ROS'INY, adjective Like rosin, or partaking of its qualities.

Rosland

ROS'LAND, noun

Heathy land; land full of ling; moorish or watery land.

Rospo

ROS'PO, noun A fish of Mexico, perfectly round, without scales, and good for food.

Ross

ROSS, noun The rough scaly matter on the surface of the bark of certain trees.

Rossel

ROSS'EL, noun Light land. [Not used in America.]

Rosselly

ROSS'ELLY, adjective Loose; light. [Not in use.]

Rosset

ROS'SET, noun The large ternate bat.

Rossignol

ROS'SIGNOL, noun The nightingale.

Rostel

ROS'TEL, noun [Latin rostellum, dim of rostrum, a beak.]

In botany, the descending plane part of the coracle or heart, in the first vegetation of a seed.

Roster

ROS'TER, noun In military affairs, a plan or table by which the duty of officers is regulated.

In Massachusetts, a list of the officers of a division, brigade, regiment or battalion, containing under several heads their names, rank, the corps to which they belong, date of commission and place of abode. These are called division rosters, brigade rosters, regimental or battalion rosters.

The word is also used frequently instead of register, which comprehends a general list of all the officers of the state, from the commander in chief to the lowest in commission, under the same appropriate heads, with an additional column for noting the alterations which take place.

Rostral

ROS'TRAL, adjective [from Latin rostrum, beak.]

1. Resembling the beak of a ship.

2. Pertaining to the beak.

Rostrate

ROS'TRATE,

ROS'TRATED, adjective [Latin rostratus.]

1. In botany, beaked; having a process resembling the beak of a bird.

2. Furnished or adorned with beaks; as rostrated galleys.

Rostrated

ROS'TRATED, a. [L. rostratus.] 1. In botany, beaked; having a process resembling the beak of a bird.2. Furnished or adorned with beaks; as rostrated galleys.

Rostrum

ROS'TRUM, noun [Latin]

1. The beak or bill of a bird.

2. The beak or head of a ship.

3. In ancient Rome, a scaffold or elevated place in the forum, where orations, pleadings funeral harangues, etc., were delivered.

4. The pipe which conveys the distilling liquor into its receiver, in the common alembic.

5. A crooked pair of scissors, used by surgeons for dilating wounds.

Rosy

RO'SY, adjective [from rose.]

1. Resembling a rose in color or qualities; blooming; red; blushing; charming.

While blooming youth and gay delight sit on thy rosy check contest.

The rosy morn resigns her light.

2. Made in the form of a rose.

Rot

ROT, verb intransitive

To lose the natural cohesion and organization of parts, as animal and vegetable substances; to be decomposed and resolved into its original component parts by the natural process, or the gradual operation of heat and air; to putrefy.

ROT, verb transitive To make putrid; to cause to be decomposed by the natural operation of air and heat; to bring to corruption.

ROT, noun

1. A fatal distemper incident to sheep, usually supposed to be owing to wet seasons and moist pastures. The immediate cause of the mortality of sheep, in this disease, is found to be a great number of small animals, called flukes, (Fascida, ) found in the liver, and supposed to be produced from eggs swallowed with their food.

2. Putrefaction; putrid decay.

3. Dry rot in timber, the decay of the wood without the access of water.

Rota

RO'TA, noun [Latin rota See Rotary.]

1. An ecclesiastical court of Rome, composed of twelve prelates, of whom one must be a German, another a Frenchman, and two Spaniards; the other eight are Italians. This is one of the most august tribunals in Rome, taking cognizance of all suits in the territory of the church by appeal, and of all matters beneficiary and patrimonial.

2. In English history, a club of politicians, who, in the time of Charles I. contemplated an equal government by rotation.

Rotalite

RO'TALITE, noun A genus of fossil shells.

Rotary

RO'TARY, adjective [Latin rota, a wheel. Latin curro.]

Turning, as a wheel on its axis; as rotary motion.

Rotate

RO'TATE, adjective In botany, wheel-shaped; monopetalous, spreading flat, without any tube, or expanding into a flat border, with scarcely any tube; as a rotate corol.

Rotated

RO'TATED, adjective [Latin rotatus.] Turned round, as a wheel.

Rotation

ROTA'TION, noun [Latin rotatio, from roto, to turn; rota, a wheel.]

1. The act of turning, as a wheel or solid body on its axis, as distinguished from the progressive motion of a body revolving round another body or a distant point. Thus the daily turning of the earth on its axis, is a rotation; its annual motion round the sun is a revolution.

2. Vicissitude of succession; the course by which officers or others leave their places at certain times and are succeeded by others; applied also to a change of crops.

Rotative

RO'TATIVE, adjective Turning, as a wheel; rotary. [Little used.]

Rotato-Plane

ROTA'TO-PLANE, adjective In botany, wheel-shaped and flat, without a tube; as a rotato-plane corol.

Rotator

ROTA'TOR, noun [Latin] That which gives a circular or rolling motion; a muscle producing a rolling motion.

Rotatory

RO'TATORY, adjective [from rotator.]

1. Turning on an axis, as a wheel; rotary.

2. Going in a circle; following in succession; as rotatory assemblies.

[This word is often used, probably by mistake, for rotary. It may be regularly formed from rotator, but not with the exact sense in which it is used. With rotator for its original, it would signify causing rather than being in a circular motion. The true word is rotary.]

Rote

ROTE, noun A kind of violin or harp. obsolete

ROTE, noun [Latin rota, a wheel.]

Properly, a round of words; frequent repetition of words or sounds, without attending to the signification, or to principles and rules; a practice that impresses words in the memory without an effort of the understanding, and without the aid of rules. Thus children learn to speak by rote; they often repeat what they hear, till it becomes familiar to them. So we learn to sing by rote as we hear notes repeated, and soon learn to repeat them ourselves.

ROTE, verb transitive To fix in the memory by means of frequent repetition ourselves, or by hearing the repetition of others, without an effort of the understanding to comprehend what is repeated, and without the aid of rules or principles. [Little used.]

ROTE, verb intransitive To go out by rotation or succession. [Little used.]

Rother-Beasts

ROTH'ER-BEASTS, noun

Cattle of the bovine genus; called in England black cattle. [Not used in America.]

Rother-Nails

ROTH'ER-NAILS, noun [corrupted from rudder-nails.]

Among shipwrights, nails with very full heads, used for fastening the rudder irons of ships.

Rothoffite

ROTH'OFFITE, noun A variety of grenate, brown or black, found in Sweden. It has a resemblance to melanite, another variety, but differs from it in having a small portion of alumin.

Rotoco

RO'TOCO, noun An eastern weight of 5 pounds.

Rotten

ROTTEN, adjective rot'n.

1. Putrid; carious; decomposed by the natural process of decay; as a rotten plank.

2. Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective in principle; treacherous; deceitful.

3. Defective in substance; not sound or hard.

4. Fetid; ill smelling.

Rotten-Stone

ROT'TEN-STONE, noun A soft stone or mineral, called also Tripoli, terra Tripolitana, from the country from which it was formerly brought. It is used in all sorts of finer grinding and polishing in the arts, and for cleaning furniture of metallic substances. The rotten-stone of Derbyshire, in England, is a Tripoli mixed with calcarious earth.

Rottenness

ROT'TENNESS, noun State of being decayed or putrid; cariousness; putrefaction; unsoundness.

Rotund

ROTUND', adjective [Latin rotundus, probably formed on rota, a wheel, as jocundus on jocus.]

1. Round; circular; spherical.

2. In botany, circumscribed by one unbroken curve, or without angles; as a rotund leaf.

Rotundifolious

ROTUNDIFO'LIOUS, adjective [Latin rotundus, round, and folium, a leaf.] Having round leaves.

Rotundity

ROTUND'ITY, noun Roundness; sphericity; circularity; as the rotundity of a globe.

Rotundo

ROTUND'O, noun A round building; any building that is round both on the outside and inside. The most celebrated edifice of this kind is the Pantheon at Rome.

Roucou

ROUCOU, noun roo'coo. A substance used in dyeing; the same as anotta.

ROGUE, a roozh. Red.

Rouge

ROUGE, noun roozh. Red paint; a substance used for painting the cheeks.

ROUGE, verb intransitive [supra.] To paint the face, or rather the cheeks.

ROUGE, verb transitive [supra.] To paint, or tinge with red paint.

Rough

ROUGH, adjective [Latin raucus. Eng. rye, that is rough Latin ruga, a wrinkle. Gr. to snore. Latin ruga, a wrinkle, a ridge. See Ridge. The primary sense is to stretch or strain; but applied to roughness or wrinkling, it is to draw or contract, a straining together.]

1. Having inequalities, small ridges or points on the surface; not smooth or plane; as a rough board, a rough stone; rough cloth.

2. Stony; abounding with stones and stumps; as rough land; or simply with stones; as a rough road.

3. Not wrought or polished; as a rough diamond.

4. Thrown into huge waves; violently agitated; as a rough sea.

5. Tempestuous; stormy; boisterous; as rough weather.

6. Austere to the taste; harsh; as rough wine.

7. Harsh to the ear; grating; jarring; unharmonious; as rough sounds; rough numbers.

8. Rugged of temper; severe; austere; rude; not mild or courteous.

A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough

9. Coarse in manners; rude.

A surly boatman, rough as seas and wind.

10. Harsh; violent; not easy; as a rough remedy.

11. Hard featured; not delicate; as a rough visage.

12. Harsh; severe; uncivil; as rough usage.

13. Terrible; dreadful.

On the rough edge of battle, ere it join'd, Satan advanc'd.

14. Rugged; disordered in appearance; coarse.

ROUGH from the tossing surge Ulysses moves.

15. Hairy; shaggy; covered with hairs, bristles and the like.

Rough-Cast

ROUGH-CAST, verb transitive ruf'-cast. [rough and cast.]

1. To form in its first rudiments, without revision, correction and polish.

2. To mold without nicety or elegance, or to form with asperities.

3. To cover with a mixture of plaster and shells or pebbles; as, to rough-cast a building.

ROUGH-CAST, noun ruf'-cast.

1. A rude model; the form of a thing in its first rudiments, unfinished.

2. A plaster with a mixture of shells or pebbles, used for covering buildings.

Rough-Draught

ROUGH-DRAUGHT, noun ruf'-draft. A draught in its rudiments; a draught not perfected; a sketch.

Rough-Draw

ROUGH-DRAW, verb transitive ruf'-draw. To draw or delineate coarsely.

Rough-Drawn

ROUGH-DRAWN, participle passive ruf'-drawn. Coarsely drawn.

Rough-Footed

ROUGH-FOOTED, adjective ruf'-footed. Feather-footed; as a rough-footed dove.

Rough-Hew

ROUGH-HEW, verb transitive ruf'-hew. [rough and hew.]

1. To hew coarsely without smoothing; as, to rough-hew timber.

2. To give the first form or shape to a thing.

There's a divinity that shapes our ends, rough-hew them how we will.

Rough-Hewn

ROUGH-HEWN, participle passive or a ruf'-hewn.

1. Hewn coarsely without smoothing.

2. Rugged; unpolished; of coarse manners; rude.

A rough-hewn seaman.

3. Unpolished; not nicely finished.

Rough-Shod

ROUGH-SHOD, adjective ruf'-shod. Shod with shoes armed with points; as a rough-shod horse. [This word is not generally used in America. In New England, instead of rough-shod calked is used.]

Rough-Work

ROUGH-WORK, verb transitive ruf'-work. [rough and work.]

To work over coarsely, without regard to nicety, smoothness or finish.

Rough-Wrought

ROUGH-WROUGHT, adjective ruf'-raut. Wrought or done coarsely.

Roughen

ROUGHEN, verb intransitive ruf'n. [from rough.] To make rough.

ROUGHEN, verb intransitive ruf'n. To grow or become rough.

Roughings

ROUGHINGS, noun ruf'ings. Grass after mowing or reaping. [Local.]

Roughly

ROUGHLY, adverb ruf'ly.

1. With uneven surface; with asperities on the surface.

2. Harshly; uncivilly; rudely; as, to be treated roughly

3. Severely; without tenderness; as, to blame too roughly

4. Austerely to the taste.

5. Boisterously; tempestuously.

6. Harshly to the ear.

7. Violently; not gently.

Roughness

ROUGHNESS, noun ruf'ness.

1. Unevenness of surface, occasioned by small prominences; asperity of surface; as the roughness of a board, of a floor, or of a rock.

2. Austereness to the taste; as the roughness of sloes.

3. Taste of astringency.

4. Harshness to the ear; as the roughness of sounds.

5. Ruggedness of temper; harshness; austerity.

6. Coarseness of manners or behavior; rudeness.

Severity breedeth fear; but roughness breedeth hate.

7. Want of delicacy or refinement; as military roughness

8. Severity; harshness or violence of discipline.

9. Violence of operation in medicines.

10. Unpolished or unfinished state; as the roughness of a gem or a draught.

11. Inelegance of dress or appearance.

12. Tempestuousness; boisterousness; as of winds or weather.

13. Violent agitation by wind; as the roughness of the sea in a storm.

14. Coarseness of features.

Rought

ROUGHT, for raught; preterit tense of reach. obsolete

Rouleau

ROULEAU, noun roolo'. A little roll; a roll of guineas in paper.

Roun

ROUN, verb intransitive To whisper. obsolete

ROUN, verb transitive To address in a whisper. obsolete

Rounce

ROUNCE, noun rouns'. The handle of a printing press.

Rounceval

ROUN'CEVAL, noun A variety of pea, so called.

Round

ROUND, adjective

1. Cylindrical; circular; spherical or globular. round is applicable to a cylinder as well as to a globe or sphere. We say, the barrel of a musket is round; a ball is round; a circle is round

2. Full; large; as a round sum or price.

3. Full; smooth; flowing; not defective or abrupt.

In his satires, Horace is quick, round and pleasant.

His style, though round and comprehensive -

4. Plain; open; candid; fair.

ROUND dealing is the honor of man's nature.

Let her be round with him.

5. Full; quick; brisk; as a round trot.

6. Full; plump; bold; positive; as a round assertion.

A round number, is a number that ends with a cipher, and may be divided by 10 without a remainder; a complete or full number. It is remarkable that the W. cant, a hundred, the Latin centum, and Sax. hund, signify properly a circle, and this use of round may have originated in a like idea.

ROUND, noun

1. A circle; a circular thing, or a circle in motion.

With rounds of waxen tapers on their heads.

Knit your hands, and beat the ground in a light fantastic round

2. Action or performance in a circle, or passing through a series of hands or things and coming to the point of beginning; or the time of such action.

Women to cards may be compared; we play a round or two; when used, we throw away.

The feast was serv'd; the bowl was crown'd; to the king's pleasure went the mirthful round

So we say, a round of labors or duties.

We run the daily round

3. Rotation in office; succession in vicissitude.

4. A rundle; the step of a ladder.

All the rounds like Jacob's ladder rise.

5. A walk performed by a guard or an officer round the rampart of a garrison, or among sentinels, to see that the sentinels are faithful and all things safe. Hence the officer and men who perform this duty are called the rounds.

6. A dance; a song; a roundelay, or a species of fugue.

7. A general discharge of fire-arms by a body of troops, in which each soldier fires once. In volleys, it is usual for a company or regiment to fire three rounds.

A round of cartridges and balls, one cartridge to each man; as, to supply a regiment with a single round or with twelve rounds of cartridges.

ROUND, adverb

1. On all sides.

Thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round Luke 19:43.

2. Circularly; in a circular form; as, a wheel turns round

3. From one side or party to another; as, to come or turn round Hence these expressions signify to change sides or opinions.

4. Not in a direct line; by a course longer than the direct course. The shortest course is not the best; let us go round

All round in common speech, denotes over the whole place, or in every direction.

ROUND about is tautological.

ROUND, preposition

1. On every side of; as, the people stood round him; the sun sheds light round the earth. In this sense, around is much used, and all is often used to modify the word. They stood all round or around him.

2. About; in a circular course, or in all parts; as, to go round the city. He led his guest round his fields and garden. he wanders round the world.

3. Circularly; about; as, to wind a cable round the windlass.

To come or get round one, in popular language, is to gain advantage over one by flattery or deception; to circumvent.

ROUND, verb transitive

1. To make circular, spherical or cylindrical; as, to round a silver coin; to round the edges of any thing.

Worms with many feet, that round themselves into balls, are bred chiefly under logs of timber.

2. To surround; to encircle; to encompass.

Th' inclusive verge of golden metal that must round my brow.

Our little life is rounded with a sleep.

3. To form to the arch or figure of the section of a circle.

The figures on our modern medals are raised and rounded to very great perfection.

4. To move about any thing; as, the sun, in polar regions, rounds the horizon.

5. To make full, smooth and flowing; as, to round periods in writing.

To round in, among seamen, to pull upon a slack rope, which passes through one or more blocks in a direction nearly horizontal.

ROUND, verb intransitive

1. To grow or become round

The queen, your mother, rounds space.

2. To go round as a guard.

- They nightly rounding walk.

To round to, in sailing, is to turn the head of the ship towards the wind.

ROUND, verb intransitive To whisper; as, to round in the ear. obsolete

Roundabout

ROUND'ABOUT, adjective [round and about.]

1. Indirect; going round; loose.

Paraphrase is a roundabout way of translating.

2. Ample; extensive; as roundabout sense.

3. Encircling; encompassing.

[In any sense, this word is inelegant.]

ROUND'ABOUT, noun A large strait coat.

Roundel

ROUND'EL,

ROUND'ELAY,

ROUND'ER, noun [See Rondure.] Circumference; inclosure. [Not in use.]

Roundelay

ROUND'ELAY,

Rounder

ROUND'ER, n. [See Rondure.] Circumference; inclosure. [Not in use.]

Roundhead

ROUND'HEAD, noun [round and head.] A name formerly given to a puritan, from the practice which prevailed among the puritans of cropping the hair round.

Roundheaded

ROUND'HEADED, adjective Having a round head or top.

Roundhouse

ROUND'HOUSE, noun

1. A constable's prison; the prison to secure persons taken up by the night-watch, till they can be examined by a magistrate.

2. In a ship of war, a certain necessary near the head, for the use of particular officers.

3. In large merchantmen and ships of war, a cabin or apartment in the after part of the quarter-deck, having the poop for its roof; sometimes called the coach. It is the master's lodging room.

Rounding

ROUND'ING, participle present tense

1. Making round or circular.

2. Making full, flowing and smooth.

ROUND'ING, adjective Round or roundish; nearly round.

ROUND'ING, noun Among seamen, old ropes wound about the part of the cable which lies in the hawse, or athwart the stem, to prevent its chafing.

Rounding in, a pulling upon a slack rope, which passes through one or more blocks in a direction nearly horizontal. rounding up is a pulling in like manner, when a tackle hangs in a perpendicular direction.

Roundish

ROUND'ISH, adjective Somewhat round; nearly round; as a roundish seed; a roundish figure.

Roundishness

ROUND'ISHNESS, noun The state of being roundish.

Roundlet

ROUND'LET, noun A little circle.

Roundly

ROUND'LY, adverb

1. In a round form or manner.

2. Openly; boldly; without reserve; peremptorily.

He affirms every thing roundly

3. Plainly; fully. He gives them roundly to understand that their duty is submission.

4. Briskly; with speed.

When the mind has brought itself to attention, it will be able to cope with difficulties and master them, and then it may go on roundly

5. Completely; to the purpose; vigorously; in earnest.

Roundness

ROUND'NESS, noun

1. The quality of being round, circular, spherical, globular or cylindrical; circularity; sphericity; cylindrical form; rotundity; as the roundness of the globe, of the orb of the sun, of a ball, of a bowl, etc.

2. Fullness; smoothness of flow; as the roundness of a period.

3. Openness; plainness; boldness; positiveness; as the roundness of an assertion.

Roundo

ROUND'O, noun

1. A sort of ancient poem, consisting of thirteen verses, of which eight are in one kind of rhyme and five in another. It is divided into couplets; at the end of the second and third of which, the beginning of the poem is repeated, and that, if possible, in an equivocal or punning sense.

2. A round form or figure. [Not used.]

Roundridge

ROUND'RIDGE, verb transitive [round and ridge.] In tillage, to form round ridges by plowing.

Roundrobin

ROUND'ROBIN, noun

A written petition, memorial or remonstrance signed by names in a ring or circle.

Rounds

ROUNDS, noun plural

1. [See Round, noun No. 5.]

2. Round-top. [See Top.]

Rouse

ROUSE, verb transitive rouz. [This word, written also arouse, seems to belong to the family of raise or rush. See Raise.]

1. To wake from sleep or repose. Genesis 49:9.

2. To excite to thought or action from a state of idleness, languor, stupidity or inattention.

3. To put into action; to agitate.

Blust'ring winds that rous'd the sea.

4. To drive a beast from his den or place of rest.

ROUSE, verb intransitive

1. To awake from sleep or repose.

Morpheus rouses from his bed.

2. To be excited to thought or action from a state of indolence, sluggishness, languor or inattention.

ROUSE, verb intransitive In seamen's language, to pull together upon a cable, etc. without the assistance of tackles or other mechanical power.

ROUSE, noun rouz.

A full glass of liquor; a bumper in honor of a health. obsolete

Roused

ROUS'ED, participle passive Awakened from sleep; excited to thought or action.

Rouser

ROUS'ER, noun One that rouses or excites.

Rousing

ROUS'ING, participle present tense

1. Awaking from sleep; exciting; calling into action.

2. adjective Having power to awaken or excite.

3. Great; violent; as a rousing fire. [Vulgar.]

Rout

ROUT, noun

1. A rabble; a clamorous multitude; a tumultuous crowd; as a rout of people assembled.

The endless routs of wretched thralls.

2. In law, a rout is where three persons or more meet to do an unlawful act upon a common quarrel, as forcibly to break down fences on a right claimed of common or of way, and make some advances towards it.

3. A select company; a party for gaming.

ROUT, noun [This is a corruption of the Latin ruptus, from rumpo, to break.]

The breaking or defeat of an army or band of troops, or the disorder and confusion of troops thus defeated and put to flight.

ROUT, verb transitive To break the ranks of troops and put them to flight in disorder; to defeat and throw into confusion.

The king's horse - routed and defeated the whole army.

ROUT, verb intransitive To assemble in a clamorous and tumultuous crowd. [Not in use.]

ROUT, noun [It belongs to the family of ride and Latin gradior; properly a going or passing.]

The course or way which is traveled or passed, or to be passed; a passing; a course; a march.

Wide through the furzy field their rout they take.

ROUT and road are not synonymous.

We say, to mend or repair a road, but not to mend a rout We use rout for a course of passing, and not without reference to the passing of some person or body of men; but rout is not the road itself.

ROUT, verb intransitive To snore. obsolete

ROUT, verb transitive [for root.] To turn up the ground with the snout; to search. [Not in use.]

Routine

ROUTINE, noun rootee'n. [Latin rota, a wheel.]

1. A round of business, amusements or pleasure, daily or frequently pursued; particularly, a course of business or official duties, regularly or frequently returning.

2. Any regular habit or practice not accommodated to circumstances.

Rove

ROVE, verb intransitive [Latin rapio.]

To wander; to ramble; to range; to go, move or pass without certain direction in any manner, by walking, riding, flying or otherwise.

For who has power to walk, has power to rove

ROVE, verb transitive To wander over; as roving a field; roving the town. This is an elliptical form of expression, for roving over, through or about the town.

ROVE, verb transitive To draw a thread, string or cord through an eye or aperture.

Rover

RO'VER, noun

1. A wanderer; one who rambles about.

2. A fickle or inconstant person.

3. A robber or pirate; a freebooter. [So corsair is from Latin cursus, curro, to run.

At rovers, without any particular aim; at random; as shooting at rovers.

[I never heard this expression in the United States.]

Roving

RO'VING, participle present tense Rambling; wandering; passing a cord through an eye.

Row

ROW, noun

A series of persons or things arranged in a continued line; a line; a rank; a file; as a row of trees; a row of gems or pearls; a row of houses or columns.

Where the bright Seraphim in burning row

ROW, verb transitive [Gr. to row an oar. If the noun is the primary word, ruder and rother, an oar, may be from the root of rod, Latin radius, or from the root of rado, to rub, grate, sweep. If the verb is the primary word, the sense is to sweep, to urge, drive, impel. See Rudder.]

1. To impel, as a boat or vessel along the surface of water by oars; as, to row a boat.

2. To transport by rowing; as, to row the captain ashore in his barge.

ROW, verb intransitive To labor with the oar; as, to row well; to row with oars muffled.

Row-Lock

ROW-LOCK, noun That part of a boat's gunwale on which the oar rests in rowing.

Row-Port

ROW-PORT, noun A little square hole in the side of small vessels of war, near the surface of the water, for the use of an oar for rowing in a calm.

Rowable

ROWABLE, adjective Capable of being rowed or rowed upon. [Not in use.]

Rowed

ROWED, participle passive Driven by oars.

Rowel

ROW'EL, noun [Latin rota.]

1. The little wheel of a spur, formed with sharp points.

2. Among farriers, a roll of hair or silk, used as an issue on horses, answering to a seton in surgery.

3. A little flat ring or wheel of plate or iron on horses' bits.

ROW'EL, verb intransitive To insert a rowel in; to pierce the skin and keep open the wound by a rowel

Rowen

ROW'EN, noun [Heb. to be green, to thrive.]

Rowen is a field kept up till after Michaelmas, that the corn left on the ground may sprout into green.

Turn your cows that give milk into your rowens, till snow comes.

In New England, the second growth of grass in a season. We never apply the word to a field, nor to a growth of corn, after harvest, nor is the word ever used in the plural. The first growth of grass for mowing is called the first crop, and the second rowen

Rower

ROWER, noun One that rows or manages an oar in rowing.

Rowing

ROWING, participle present tense Impelling, as a boat by oars.

Rowley-Ragg

ROWLEY-RAGG, [See Ragg.]

Royal

ROY'AL, adjective [Latin regalis, from rex, king. See Reck and Right.]

1. Kingly; pertaining to a king; regal; as royal power or prerogative; a royal garden; royal domains; the royal family.

2. Becoming a king; magnificent; as royal state.

3. Noble; illustrious.

How doth that royal merchant, good Antonio?

ROY'AL, noun

1. A large kind of paper. It is used as a noun or an adjective.

2. Among seamen, a small sail spread immediately above the top-gallant-sail; sometimes termed the top-gallant-royal.

3. One of the shoots of a stag's head.

4. In artillery, a small mortar.

5. In England, one of the soldiers of the first regiment of foot, called the royals, and supposed to be the oldest regular corps in Europe.

Royalism

ROY'ALISM, noun Attachment to the principles or cause of royalty, or to a royal government.

Royalist

ROY'ALIST, noun An adherent to a king, or one attached to a kingly government.

Where Candish fought, the royalist prevail'd.

Royalize

ROY'ALIZE, verb transitive To make royal.

Royally

ROY'ALLY, adverb In a kingly manner; like a king; as becomes a king.

His body shall be royally interr'd.

Royalty

ROY'ALTY, noun

1. Kingship; the character, state or office of a king.

Royalty by birth was the sweetest way of majesty.

2. Royalties, plural emblems of royalty; regalia.

3. Rights of a king; prerogatives.

Royne

ROYNE, verb transitive To bite; to gnaw. [Not in use.]

Roynish

ROYN'ISH, adjective

Mean; paltry; as the roynish clown. [Not in use.]

Roytelet

ROY'TELET, noun A little king. [Not in use.]

Roytish

ROY'TISH, adjective Wild; irregular. [Not in use.]

Rub

RUB, verb transitive [Latin probrum, exprobro; Gr. to rub We have the elements of the word in scrape, scrub, Latin scribo, Gr.]

1. To move something along the surface of a body with pressure; as, to rub the face or arms with the hand; to rub the body with flannel. Vessels are scoured or cleaned by rubbing them.

2. To wipe; to clean; to scour; but rub is a generic term, applicable to friction for every purpose.

3. To touch so as to leave behind something which touches; to spread over; as to rub any thing with oil.

4. To polish; to retouch; with over.

The whole business of our redemption is to rub over the defaced copy of the creation.

5. To obstruct by collision. [Unusual.]

In popular language, rub is used for teasing, fretting, upbraiding, reproaching or vexing with gibes or sarcasms.

To rub down, to clean by rubbing; to comb or curry, as a horse.

To rub off, to clean any thing by rubbing; to separate by friction; as, to rub off rust.

1. To rub out, to erase; to obliterate; as, to rub out marks or letters.

2. To remove or separate by friction; as, to rub out a stain.

To rub upon, to touch hard.

1. To rub up, to burnish; to polish; to clean.

2. To excite; to awaken; to rouse to action; as, to rub up the memory.

RUB, verb intransitive

1. To move along the surface of a body with pressure; as, a wheel rubs against the gate-post.

2. To fret; to chafe; as, to rub upon a sore.

3. To move or pass with difficulty; as, to rub through woods, as huntsmen; to rub through the world.

RUB, noun

1. The act of rubbing; friction.

2. That which renders motion or progress difficult; collision; hinderance; obstruction.

Now every rub is smoothed in our way.

Upon this rub the English embassadors thought fit to demur.

All sort of rubs will be laid in the way.

3. Inequality of ground that hinders the motion of a bowl.

4. Difficulty; cause of uneasiness; pinch.

To sleep, perchance to dream; ay, there's the rub

5. Sarcasm; joke; something grating to the feelings.

RUB,

RUB'-STONE, noun [rub and stone.] A stone, usually some kind of sandstone, used to sharpen instruments; a whetstone.

Rubbage

RUBBAGE,

RUB'BER, noun

1. One that rubs.

2. The instrument or thing used in rubbing or cleaning.

3. A coarse file, or the rough part of it.

4. A whetstone; a rubstone.

5. The gaming, two games out of three; or the game that decides the contest; or a contest consisting of three games.

India rubber, elastic resin, or caoutchouc, a substance produced from the syringe tree of south America; a substance remarkably pliable and elastic.

Rubber

RUB'BER, n. 1. One that rubs.2. The instrument or thing used in rubbing or cleaning.3. A coarse file, or the rough part of it.4. A whetstone; a rubstone.5. The gaming, two games out of three; or the game that decides the contest; or a contest consisting of three games.India rubber, elastic resin, or caoutchouc, a substance produced from the syringe tree of south America; a substance remarkably pliable and elastic.

Rubbidge

RUBBIDGE,

RUB'BISH, noun [from rub; properly, that which is rubbed off; but not now used in this limited sense.]

1. Fragments of buildings; broken or imperfect pieces of any structure; ruins.

He saw the towns one half in rubbish lie.

2. Waste or rejected matter; any thing worthless.

3. Mingled mass; confusion.

Rubble

RUBBLE, for rubbish, vulgar and not used.

Rubble-Stone

RUB'BLE-STONE, noun A stone, so called from its being rubbed and worn by water; graywacke.

Rubefacient

RU'BEFACIENT, adjective [Latin rubefacio, infra.] Making red.

RU'BEFACIENT, noun In medicine, a substance or external application which excites redness of the skin.

Rubellite

RU'BELLITE, noun [from Latin rubeus, red.] A silicious mineral of a red color of various shades; the red shorl; siberite. It occurs in accumulated groups of a middle or large size, with straight tubular-like stria. In a red heat, it becomes snow-white and seems to phosphoresce.

Rubellite is red tourmaline.

Rubescent

RUBES'CENT, adjective [Latin rubescens, rubesco, from rubeo, to redden or to be red.]

Growing or becoming red; tending to a red color.

Rubican

RU'BICAN, adjective [Latin rubeo, to be red.]

Rubican color of a horse, is a bay, sorrel or black, with a light gray or white upon the flanks, but the gray or white not predominant there.

Rubicel

RU'BICEL, noun [Latin rubeo, to be red.] A gem or mineral, a variety of ruby of a reddish color, from Brazil.

Rubicund

RU'BICUND, adjective [Latin rubicundus.] Inclining to redness.

Rubied

RU'BIED, adjective Red as a ruby; as a rubied lip; rubied nectar.

Rubific

RUBIF'IC, adjective [Latin ruber and facio.] Making red; as rubific rays.

Rubification

RUBIFICA'TION, noun The act of making red.

Rubiform

RU'BIFORM, noun [Latin ruber, red, and form.] Having the form of red; as, the rubiform rays of the sun are least refrangible.

Rubify

RU'BIFY, verb transitive [Latin ruber, red and facio, to make.] To make red. [Little used.]

Rubious

RU'BIOUS, adjective [Latin rubeus.] Red; ruddy. [Not in use.]

Ruble

RU'BLE, noun roo'bl.

A silver coin of Russia, of the value of about fifty seven cents, or two shillings and seven pence sterling; in Russia, a hundred kopecks; originally, the fourth part of a grivna or pound, which was cut into four equal parts.

Rubric

RU'BRIC, noun [Latin rubrica; rubeo, to be red.]

1. In the canon law, a title or article in certain ancient law books; so called because written in red letters.

2. Directions printed in prayer books.

The rubric and the rules relating to the liturgy are established by royal authority, as well as the liturgy itself.

RU'BRIC, verb transitive To adorn with red.

Rubrical

RU'BRICAL, adjective Red.

RU'BRICAL, adjective Placed in rubrics.

Rubricate

RU'BRICATE, verb transitive [Latin rubricatus.] To mark or distinguish with red.

RU'BRICATE, adjective Marked with red.

Ruby

RU'BY, noun [Latin rubeo, to be red.]

1. A precious stone; a mineral of a carmine red color, sometimes verging to violet, or intermediate between carmine and hyacinth red; but its parts vary in color, and hence it is called sapphire ruby or orange red, and by some vermeille or rubicel.

There are two kinds of ruby the oriental or corundum, and the spinelle. The latter is distinguishable from the former by its color and crystallization.

The ruby is next in hardness and value to the diamond, and highly esteemed in jewelry.

2. Redness; red color.

3. Any thing red.

4. A blain; a blotch; a carbuncle. [The ruby is said to be the stone called by Pliny a carbuncle.]

Ruby of arsenic or sulphur, is the realgar, or red combination of arsenic and sulphur.

Ruby of zink, is the red blend.

Rock ruby the amethystizontes of the ancients, is the most value species of garnet.

RU'BY, verb transitive To make red.

RU'BY, adjective Of the color of the ruby; red; as ruby lips.

Ruck

RUCK, verb transitive [Latin rugo, to wrinkle, to fold; ruga, a fold.]

1. To cower; to bend and set close. [Not in use.]

2. To wrinkle; as, to ruck up cloth or a garment.

[In this sense, the word is still used by the common people of New England.]

RUCK, noun A wrinkle; a fold; a plait.

Ructation

RUCTA'TION, noun [Latin ructo, to belch.] The act of belching wind from the stomach.

Rud

RUD, to make red, used by Spenser, is a different spelling of red. obsolete [See Ruddy.]

RUD, noun [See Red and Ruddy.]

1. Redness; blush; also, red ocher.

2. The fish rudd.

Rudd

RUDD, noun [probably from red, ruddy.] A fish of the genus Cyprinus, with a deep body like the bream, but thicker, a prominent back, and small head. The back is of an olive color; the sides and belly yellow, marked with red; the ventral and anal fins and tail of a deep red color.

Rudder

RUD'DER, noun [See Row. The oar was the first rudder used by man, and is still the instrument of steering certain boats.]

1. In navigation, the instrument by which a ship is steered; that part of the helm which consists of a piece of timber, broad at the bottom, which enters the water and is attached to the stern-post by hinges, on which it turns. This timber is managed by means of the tiller or wheel.

2. That which guides or governs the course.

For rhyme the rudder is of verses.

3. A sieve. [Local. See Riddle.]

Rudder perch, a small fish with the upper part of the body brown, varied with large round spots of yellow, the belly and sides streaked with lines of white and yellow. This fish is said to follow the rudders of ships in the warm parts of the Atlantic.

Ruddiness

RUD'DINESS, noun [from ruddy.] The state of being ruddy; redness, or rather a lively flesh color; that degree of redness which characterizes high health; applied chiefly to the complexion or color of the human skin; as the ruddiness of the cheeks or lips.

Ruddle

RUD'DLE, noun

The name of a species of chalk or red earth, colored by iron.

Ruddle-Man

RUD'DLE-MAN, noun One who digs ruddle.

Ruddoc

RUD'DOC, noun

A bird; otherwise called red-breast.

Ruddock

RUD'DOCK, noun [from red, ruddy, which see.] A bird, the red-breast.

Ruddy

RUD'DY, adjective

1. Of a red color; of a lively flesh color, or the color of the human skin in high health. Thus we say, reddy cheeks, ruddy lips, a reddy face or skin, a ruddy youth; and in poetic language, ruddy fruit. But the word is chiefly applied to the human skin.

2. Of a bright yellow color; as ruddy gold. [Unusual.]

Rude

RUDE, adjective [Latin rudis. The sense is probably rough, broken, and this word may be allied to raw and crude.]

1. rough; uneven; rugged; unformed by art; as rude workmanship, that is, roughly finished; rude and unpolished stones.

2. Rough; of coarse manners; unpolished; uncivil; clownish; rustic; as a rude countryman; rude behavior; rude treatment; a rude attack.

Ruffian, let go that rude uncivil touch.

3. Violent; tumultuous; boisterous; turbulent; as rude winds; the rude agitation of the sea.

4. violent; fierce; impetuous; as the rude shock of armies.

5. Harsh; inclement; as the rude winter.

6. Ignorant; untaught; savage; barbarous; as the rude natives of America or of New Holland; the rude ancestors of the Greeks.

7. Raw; untaught; ignorant; not skilled or practiced; as rude in speech; rude in arms.

8. Artless; inelegant; not polished; as a rude translation of Virgil.

Rudely

RU'DELY, adverb

1. With roughness; as a mountain rudely formed.

2. Violently; fiercely; tumultuously. The door was rudely assaulted.

3. In a rude or uncivil manner; as, to be rudely accosted.

4. Without exactness or nicety; coarsely; as work rudely executed.

I that am rudely stamp'd, and want love's majesty to strut before a wanton ambling nymph.

5. Unskillfully.

My muse, though rudely has resign'd some faint resemblance of his godlike mind.

6. Without elegance.