Toll – Toucan

Toll

TOLL, noun [Gr. toll custom, and end, exit, from cutting off; Eng. dole; diolam, to sell, to exchange, to pay toll This is from the root of deal. See Deal.]

1. A tax paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market or the like.

2. A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.

3. A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.

TOLL, verb intransitive To pay toll or tallage.

1. To take toll as by a miller.

TOLL, verb intransitive To sound or ring, as a bell, with strokes uniformly repeated at intervals, as at funerals, or in calling assemblies, or to announce the death of a person.

Now sink in sorrows with a tolling bell.

TOLL, verb transitive [supra.] To cause a bell to sound with strokes slowly and uniformly repeated, as for summoning public bodies or religious congregations to their meetings, or for announcing the death of a person, or to give solemnity to a funeral. Tolling is a different thing from ringing.

TOLL, verb transitive [Latin tollo.] To take away; to vacate; to annul; a law term.

1. To draw. [See Tole.]

TOLL, noun A particular sounding of a bell.

Toll-Bar

TOLL-B'AR, noun [toll and bar.] A bar or beam used for stopping boats on a canal at the toll-house.

Toll-Booth

TOLL-BOOTH, noun [toll and booth.] A place where goods are weighed to ascertain the duties or toll.

1. A prison.

TOLL-BOOTH, verb transitive To imprison in a toll-booth

Toll-Bridge

TOLL-BRIDGE, noun A bridge where toll is paid for passing it.

Toll-Gate

TOLL-GATE, noun A gate where toll is taken.

Toll-Gatherer

TOLL-GATHERER, noun The man who takes toll.

Toll-House

TOLL-HOUSE, noun A house or shed placed by a road near a toll-gate, or at the end of a toll-bridge, or by a canal, where the man who takes the toll remains.

Tolling

TOLLING, participle present tense Causing to sound in a slow grave manner.

1. Taking away; removing.

2. Sounding, as a bell.

TOLU BALSAM, noun Balsam of Tolu, a balsam produced from a tree growing in Tolu, in S. America.

Tolutation

TOLUTA'TION, noun [Latin toluto.] A pacing or ambling. [Not used.]

Tomahawk

TOM'AHAWK, noun An Indian hatchet.

TOM'AHAWK, verb transitive To cut or kill with a hatchet called a tomahawk

Tomato

TOMA'TO, noun A plant, and its fruit, a species of Solanum. It is called sometimes the love-apple.

Tomb

TOMB, noun toom. [Latin tumulus, a heap or hillock; tumeo, to swell.]

1. A grave; a pit in which the dead body of a human being is deposited.

As one dead in the bottom of a tomb

2. A house or vault formed wholly or partly in the earth, with walls and a roof for the reception of the dead.

3. A monument erected to preserve the memory of the dead.

TOMB, verb transitive To bury; to inter. [See Entomb.]

Tombac

TOM'BAC, noun A white allow of copper; a metallic composition made by mixing and fusing together a large quantity of zink with a smaller quantity of copper, with arsenic.

Tombless

TOMBLESS, adjective Destitute of a tomb or sepulchral monument.

Tomboy

TOM'BOY, noun [Tom, Thomas, and boy.] A rude boisterous boy; also in sarcasm, a romping girl. [Vulgar.]

Tombstone

TOMBSTONE, noun [tomb and stone.] A stone erected over a grave, to preserve the memory of the deceased; a monument.

Tome

TOME, noun [Gr. a piece or section, to cut off.] A book; as many writings as are bound in a volume, forming the part of a larger work. It may be applied to a single volume.

Tomentous

TOMENT'OUS, adjective [Latin tomentum, down.] In botany, downy; nappy; cottony; or flocky; covered with hairs so close as scarcely to be discernible, or with a whitish down, like wool; as a tomentous stem or leaf.

Tompion

TOM'PION, noun The stopper of a cannon or other piece of ordnance, consisting of a cylinder of wood.

Tomtit

TOM'TIT, noun A little bird, the titmouse.

Ton

TON, the termination of names of places, is town.

TON, noun The prevailing fashion.

TON, noun The weight of twenty hundred gross. [See Tun.] This is false orthography. The word is from the Saxon tunna, a cask, and the sense of weight is taken from that of a cask or butt.

Tone

TONE, noun [Latin tonus; Gr. sound; Latin tono; Gr. to sound, to strain or stretch. The Latin sonus is probably the same word in a different dialect.]

1. Sound, or modification of sound; any impulse or vibration of the air which is perceptible by the ear; as a low tone high tone or loud tone; a grave tone; an acute tone; a sweet tone; a harsh tone

2. Accent; or rather, a particular inflection of the voice, adapted to express emotion or passion; a rhetorical sense of the word.

Eager his tone and ardent were his eyes.

3. A whining sound; a whine; a kind of mournful strain of voice; as, children often read with a tone

4. An affected sound in speaking.

5. In music, an interval of sound; as, the difference between the diapente and diatessaron, is a tone Of tones there are two kinds, major and minor. The tone major is in the ratio of 8 to 9, which results from the difference between the fourth and fifth. The tone minor is as 9 to 10, resulting from the difference between the minor third and the fourth.

6. The tone of an instrument, is its peculiar sound with regard to softness, evenness and the like.

7. In medicine, that state of organization in a body, in which the animal functions are healthy and performed with due vigor. tone in its primary signification, is tension, and tension is the primary signification of strength. Hence its application to the natural healthy state of animal organs. tone therefore in medicine, is the strength and activity of the organs, from which proceed healthy functions. So we say, the body is in a sound state, the health is sound or firm.

TONE, verb transitive To utter with an affected tone

1. To tune. [See Tune.]

Tone-Syllable

TO'NE-SYLLABLE, adjective An accented syllable.

Toned

TO'NED, adjective Having a tone; used in composition; as high-toned; sweet-toned.

Toneless

TO'NELESS, adjective Having no tone; unmusical.

Tong

TONG, noun [See Tongs.] The catch of a buckle. [Not used.] [See Tongue.]

Tongs

TONGS, noun plural An instrument of metal, consisting of two parts or long shafts joined at one end; used for handling things, particularly fire or heated metals. We say, a pair of tongs a smith's tongs

Tongue

TONGUE

TONGUE-GR'AFTING

TUNG'-GR'AFTING, noun A mode of grafting by inserting the end of a cion in a particular manner.

Tongue-Pad

TONGUE-PAD

TUNG'-PAD, noun A great talker. [Not in use.]

Tongue-Shaped

TONGUE-SHAPED

TUNG'-SHAPED, adjective In botany, a tongue-shaped leaf, is linear and fleshy, blunt at the end, convex underneath, and having usually a cartilaginous border.

TONGUE-TIE'-TIE, verb transitive [tongue and tie.] To deprive of speech or the power of speech, or of distinct articulation.

Tongue-Tied

TONGUE-TIED

TUNG'-TIED, adjective Destitute of the power of distinct articulation; having an impediment in the speech.

1. Unable to speak freely, from whatever cause.

Love and tongue-tied simplicity.

Tongued

TONGUED

TONGUELESS

TON'IC, adjective [Latin tonus. See Tone.]

1. Literally, increasing tension; hence, increasing strength, as tonic power.

2. In medicine, increasing strength, or the tone of the animal system; obviating the effects of debility, and restoring healthy functions.

3. Relating to tones or sounds.

4. Extended. [Not in use.]

Tonic spasm, in medicine, a rigid contraction of the muscles without relaxation, as in tetanus, etc.

TON'IC, noun A medicine that increases the tone of the muscular fiber, and gives vigor and action to the system.

A medicine which increases the tone or strength of the body.

1. In music, the key-note or principal sound which generates all the rest.

2. In music, a certain degree of tension, or the sound produced by a vocal string in a given degree of tension.

Tongueless

TONGUELESS

Tonic

TON'IC, a. [L. tonus. See Tone.] 1. Literally, increasing tension; hence, increasing strength, as tonic power.2. In medicine, increasing strength, or the tone of the animal system; obviating the effects of debility, and restoring healthy functions.3. Relating to tones or sounds.4. Extended. [Not in use.] Tonic spasm, in medicine, a rigid contraction of the muscles without relaxation, as in tetanus, &c.

TON'IC, n. A medicine that increases the tone of the muscular fiber, and gives vigor and action to the system. A medicine which increases the tone or strength of the body.1. In music, the key-note or principal sound which generates all the rest.2. In music, a certain degree of tension, or the sound produced by a vocal string in a given degree of tension.

Tonnage

TON'NAGE, noun [from ton, a corrupt orthography. See Tun.]

1. The weight of goods carried in a boat or ship.

2. The cubical content or burthen of a ship in tuns; or the amount of weight which she may carry.

3. A duty or impost on ships, estimated per tun; or a duty, toll or rate payable on goods per tun, transported on canals.

Tonsil

TON'SIL, noun [Latin tonsilloe. This word seems to be formed from tonsus, tondeo, to clip.] In anatomy, a glandular body at the passage from the mouth to the pharynx. The tonsils are called also from their shape, amygdaloe, and in popular language, almonds. The tonsils have several excretory ducts opening into the mouth.

TON'SIL, adjective That may be clipped.

Tonsure

TON'SURE, noun [Latin tonsura, from tonsus, shaved; tondeo, to clip or shave.]

1. The act of clipping the hair, or of shaving the head; or the state of being shorn.

2. In the Romish church, tonsure is the first ceremony used for devoting a person to the service of God and the church; the first degree of the clericate, given by a bishop, who cuts off a part of his hair with prayers and benedictions. Hence tonsure is used to denote entrance or admission into holy orders.

3. In the Romish church, the corona or crown which priests wear as a mark of their order and of their rank in the church.

Tontine

TONTINE, noun An annuity on survivorship; or a loan raised on life-annuities, with the benefit of survivorship. Thus an annuity is shared among a number, on the principle that the share of each, at his death, is enjoyed by the survivors, until at last the whole goes to the last survivor, or to the last two or three, according to the terms on which the money is advanced.

Tony

TO'NY, noun A simpleton. [Ludicrous.]

Too

TOO, adverb

1. Over; more than enough; noting excess; as, a thing is too long, too short, or too wide; too high; too many; too much.

His will too strong to bend, too proud to learn.

2. Likewise; also; in addition.

A courtier and a patriot too

Let those eyes that view

The daring crime, behold the vengeance too

3. too too repeated, denotes excess emphatically; but this repetition is not in respectable use.

Took

TOOK, preterit tense of take.

Enoch was not, for God took him. Genesis 5:24.

Tookpick

TOOK'PICK

TOOL, noun [In old Law Latin, we find attile, attilia, stores, tools, implements.]

1. An instrument of manual operation, particularly such as are used by farmers and mechanics; as the tools of a joiner, cabinet maker, smith or shoemaker.

2. A person used as an instrument by another person; a word of reproach. Men of intrigue always have their tools, by whose agency they accomplish their purposes.

TOOL, verb transitive To shape with a tool.

Tool

TOOL, n. [In old Law Latin, we find attile, attilia, stores, tools, implements.] 1. An instrument of manual operation, particularly such as are used by farmers and mechanics; as the tools of a joiner, cabinet maker, smith or shoemaker.2. A person used as an instrument by another person; a word of reproach. Men of intrigue always have their tools, by whose agency they accomplish their purposes. TOOL, v.t. To shape with a tool.

Toom

TOOM, adjective Empty. [Not in use.]

Toot

TOOT, verb intransitive [Latin do, dedi.]

1. To stand out or be prominent. [Not in use.]

2. To make a particular noise with the tongue articulating with the root of the upper teeth, at the beginning and end of the sound; also, to sound a horn in a particular manner.

This writer should wear a tooting horn.

3. To peep; to look narrowly. [Not in use, and probably a mistaken interpretation.]

TOOT, verb transitive To sound; as, to toot the horn.

Tooter

TOOT'ER, noun One who plays upon a pipe or horn.

Tooth

TOOTH, noun plural teeth. [Latin dens.]

1. A bony substance growing out of the jaws of animals, and serving as the instrument of mastication. The teeth are also very useful in assisting persons in the utterance of words, and when well formed and sound, they are ornamental. The teeth of animals differ in shape, being destined for different offices. The front teeth in men and quadrupeds are called incisors, or incisive or cutting teeth; next to these are the pointed teeth, called canine or dog teeth; and on the sides of the jaws are the molar teeth or grinders.

2. Taste; palate.

These are not dishes for thy dainty tooth

3. A tine; a prong; something pointed and resembling an animal tooth; as the tooth of a rake, a comb, a card, a harrow, a saw, or of a wheel. The teeth of a wheel are sometimes called cogs, and are destined to catch corresponding parts of other wheels.

TOOTH and nail, [by biting and scratching, ] with one's utmost power; by all possible means.

To the teeth, in open opposition; directly to one's face.

That I shall live, and tell him to his teeth.

To cast in the teeth, to retort reproachfully; to insult to the face.

In spite of the teeth, in defiance of opposition; in opposition to every effort.

To show the teeth, to threaten.

When the law shows her teeth, but dares not bite.

TOOTH, verb transitive To furnish with teeth; as, to tooth a rake.

1. To indent; to cut into teeth; to jag; as, to tooth a saw.

2. To lock into each other.

Toothache

TOOTH'ACHE, noun [tooth and ache.] Pain in the teeth.

Toothache-Tree

TOOTHACHE-TREE, noun A shrub of the genus Zanthoxylum.

TOOTH'-DRAWER, noun [tooth and draw.] One whose business is to extract teeth with instruments.

TOOTH'-DRAWING, noun The act of extracting a tooth; the practice of extracting teeth.

Toothed

TOOTH'ED, participle passive or adjective Having teeth or jags. In botany, dentate; having projecting points, remote from each other, about the edge.

TOOTH'-EDGE, noun [tooth and edge.] The sensation excited by grating sounds, and by the touch of certain substances.

Toothful

TOOTH'FUL, adjective Palatable. [Not in use.]

Toothless

TOOTH'LESS, adjective Having no teeth.

Toothletted

TOOTH'LETTED, adjective In botany, denticulate; having very small teeth or notches; as a leaf.

Toothpicker

TOOTH'PICKER, noun [tooth and pick.] An instrument for cleaning the teeth of substances lodged between them.

Toothsome

TOOTH'SOME, adjective Palatable; grateful to the taste.

Toothsomeness

TOOTH'SOMENESS, noun Pleasantness to the taste.

Toothwort

TOOTH'WORT, noun A plant whose roots resemble human teeth, such as the Lathroea squamaria, various species of Dentaria, the Ophrys corallorrhiza, etc. This name is also given to the lead-wort, of the genus Plumbago, form its toothed corol.

Toothy

TOOTH'Y, adjective Toothed; having teeth.

Tooting

TOOT'ING, participle present tense Sounding in a particular manner.

Top

TOP, noun

1. The highest part of any thing; the upper end, edge or extremity; as the top of a tree; the top of a spire; the top of a house; the top of a mountain.

2. Surface; upper side; as the top of the ground.

3. The highest place; as the top of preferment.

4. The highest person; the chief.

5. The utmost degree.

The top of my ambition is to contribute to that work.

If you attain the top of your desires in fame--

6. The highest rank. Each boy strives to be at the top of his class, or at the top of the school.

7. The crown or upper surface of the head.

8. The hair on the crown of the head; the forelock.

9. The head of a plant.

10. An inverted conoid which children play with by whirling it on its point, continuing the motion with a whip.

11. In ship-building, a sort of platform, surrounding the head of the lower mast and projecting on all sides. It serves to extend the shrouds, by which means they more effectually support the mast; and in ships of war, the top furnishes a convenient stand for swivels and small arms to annoy the enemy.

TOP'-ARMOR, noun In ships, a railing on the top supported by stanchions and equipped with netting.

TOP'-BLOCK, noun In ships, a block hung to an eye-bolt in the cap, used in swaying and lowering the top-mast.

Top-Chain

TOP'-CHAIN, noun In ships, a chain to sling the lower yards in time of action, to prevent their falling when the ropes by which they are hung, are shot away.

TOP'-CLOTH, noun In ships, a piece of canvas used to cover the hammocks which are lashed to the top in action.

TOP'-DRAINING, noun The act or practice of draining the surface of land.

Top-Dressing

TOP'-DRESSING, noun A dressing of manure laid on the surface of land.

Top-Gallant

TOP-GAL'LANT, adjective [See Top-sail.]

1. Highest; elevated; splendid; as a top-gallant spark.

Top-Heavy

TOP-HEAVY, adjective top'-hevy. [top and heavy.] Having the top or upper part too heavy for the lower.

TOP'-KNOT, noun [top and knot.] A knot worn by females on the top of the head.

Top-Mast

TOP'-MAST, noun In ships, the second mast, or that which is next above the lower mast. Above that is the top-gallant-mast.

Top-Most

TOP'-MOST, adjective [top and most.] Highest; uppermost; as the topmost cliff; the top-most branch of a tree.

TOP'-PROUD, adjective [top and proud.] Proud to the highest degree.

Top-Rope

TOP'-ROPE, noun A rope to sway up a top-mast, etc.

Top-Sail

TOP'-SAIL, noun A sail extended across the top-mast, above which is the top-gallant-sail.

TOP'-SHAPED, adjective In botany, turbinate.

TOP'-SOILING, noun The act or art of taking off the top-soil of land, before a canal is begun.

TOP'-STONE, noun A stone that is placed on the top, or which forms the top.

TOP'-TACKLE, noun A large tackle hooked to the lower end of the top-mast top-rope and to the deck.

TOP, verb intransitive To rise aloft; to be eminent; as lofty ridges and topping mountains.

1. To predominate; as topping passions; topping uneasiness.

2. To excel; to rise above others.

But write thy best and top--

TOP, verb transitive To cover on the top; to tip; to cap.

--A mount

Of alabaster, topp'd with golden spires.

Mountains topp'd with snow.

1. To rise above.

A gourd--climbing by the boughs twined about them, till it topped and covered the tree.

Topping all others in boasting.

2. To outgo; to surpass.

3. To crop; to take off the top or upper part.

Top your rose trees a little with your knife near a leaf-bud.

So, in America we say, to top corn, that is maiz, by cutting off the stalk just above the ear.

4. To rise to the top of; as, he topped the hill.

5. To perform eminently. [Not in use.]

Topan

TO'PAN, noun A name of the horned Indian raven, or rhinoceros bird.

Toparch

TO'PARCH, noun [Gr.place, and a chief.] The principal man in a place or country.

Toparchy

TO'PARCHY, noun A little state, consisting of a few cities or towns; a petty country governed by a toparch. Judea was formerly divided into ten toparchies.

Topaz

TO'PAZ, noun [Gr.] A mineral, said to be so called from Topazos, a small isle in the Arabic gulf, where the Romans obtained a stone which they called by this name, but which is the chrysolite of the moderns. The topaz is of a yellowish color. It sometimes occurs in masses, but more generally crystallized in rectangular octahedrons. topaz is valued as a gem or precious stone, and is used in jewelry. It consists of silex, fluoric acid and alumin, in the following proportions; alumin 57 parts, silex 34, and fluoric acid 7 or 8.

Of topaz there are three subspecies, common topaz shorlite and physalite.

Topazolite

TOPAZ'OLITE, noun A variety of precious garnet, of a topaz yellow color, or an olive green.

Tope

TOPE, noun A fish of the shark kind, the squalus galeus of Linne.

TOPE, verb intransitive To drink hard; to drink strong or spiritus liquors to excess.

If you tope in form, and treat--

Toper

TO'PER, noun One who drinks to excess; a drunkard; a sot.

Topet

TOP'ET, noun A small bird, the crested titmouse.

N.B. The crested titmouse of Latham, Parus bicolor, is the toupet titmouse of Pennant.

Topfull

TOP'FULL, adjective [top and full.] Full to the brim.

Toph

TOPH

TOPHA'CEOUS, adjective Gritty; sandy; rough; stony.

Tophet

TO'PHET, noun [Heb. tophet a drum.] Hell; so called from a place east of Jerusalem where children were burnt to Moloch, and where drums were used to drown their cries.

Tophi

TO'PHI, noun Ducksten; a stone formed by earthy depositions; called also tufa or trass.

Tophin

TOPH'IN, noun [from the Latin.] A kind of sandstone.

Topiary

TOP'IARY, adjective [Latin topiarius, ornamented.] Shaped by clipping or cutting.

Topic

TOP'IC, noun [Gr. place; Latin topicus, topica.]

1. Any subject of discourse or argument. The Scriptures furnish an unlimited number of topics for the preacher, and topics infinitely interesting.

2. In rhetoric, a probable argument drawn from the several circumstances and places of a fact. Aristotle wrote a book of topics. Cicero defines topics to be the art of finding arguments.

3. Principle of persuasion.

Contumacious persons whom no topics can work upon.

4. In medicine, an external remedy; a remedy to be applied outwardly to a particular part of the body, as a plaster, a poultice, a blister and the like.

TOP'IC

Topical

TOP'ICAL, adjective [supra.] Pertaining to a place, limited; local; as a topical remedy.

1. Pertaining to a topic or subject of discourse, or to a general head.

Topically

TOP'ICALLY, adverb Locally; with limitation to a part.

1. With application to a particular part; as a remedy topically applied.

Topless

TOP'LESS, adjective Having no top; as a topless highth.

Topman

TOP'MAN, noun [top and man.] The man who stands above in sawing.

1. In ships, a man standing in the top.

Topographer

TOPOG'RAPHER, noun [See Topography.] One who describes a particular place, town, city or tract of land.

Topographic

TOPOGRAPH'IC

TOPOGRAPH'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to topography; descriptive of a place.

Topographical

TOPOGRAPH'ICAL, a. Pertaining to topography; descriptive of a place.

Topographically

TOPOGRAPH'ICALLY, adverb In the manner of topography.

Topography

TOPOG'RAPHY, noun [Gr.place, and description.] The description of a particular place, city, town, manor, parish or tract of land. It is of more limited application than choreography.

Topped

TOP'PED

TOP'PING, participle present tense Covering the top; capping; surpassing; cropping; lopping.

1. adjective Fine; gallant.

[But Johnson's definition is probably incorrect.]

2. Proud; assuming superiority. [This is the sense in which the common people of noun England use the word, and I believe the true sense, but it is not elegant.]

TOP'PING, noun In seamen's language, the act of pulling one extremity of a yard higher than the other.

Topping

TOP'PING, ppr. Covering the top; capping; surpassing; cropping; lopping. 1. a. Fine; gallant.[But Johnson's definition is probably incorrect.]2. Proud; assuming superiority. [This is the sense in which the common people of N. England use the word, and I believe the true sense, but it is not elegant.] TOP'PING, n. In seamen's language, the act of pulling one extremity of a yard higher than the other.

Topping-Lift

TOP'PING-LIFT, noun A large strong tackle employed to suspend or top the outer end of a gaff, or of the boom of a main-sail, in a brig or schooner.

Toppingly

TOP'PINGLY, adverb Proudly; with airs of disdain. [Not an elegant word, nor much used.]

Topple

TOP'PLE, verb intransitive [from top.] To fall forward; to pitch or tumble down.

Though castles topple on their warders' heads.

[This word is used chiefly of children when beginning to walk.]

Toppling

TOP'PLING, participle present tense Falling forward.

Topsy-Turvy

TOPSY-TUR'VY, adverb In an inverted posture; with the top or head downwards; as, to turn a carriage topsy-turvy

Topt

TOPT, participle passive or adjective Covered on the top; capped; surpassed; cropped; having the top cut off.

Toptop

TOP'TOP, noun The highest or utmost degree.

Toquet

TOQUET, noun toka'. A kind of bonnet or head dress for women.

Tor

TOR, noun [Latin turris.] A tower; a turret; also, a high pointed hill; used in names.

Torch

TORCH, noun [Latin torqueo, tortus.] A light or luminary formed of some combustible substance, as of resinous wood or of candles.

They light the nuptial torch

Torch-Bearer

TORCH'-BEARER, noun [torch and bear.]

One whose office is to carry a torch.

Torch-Thistle

TORCH'-THISTLE, noun A plant of the genus Cactus.common name of a subdivision of the genus Cactus, called also cereus, from cera, wax, from the resemblance of the stems to a wax candle. torch-thistle is from the prickly stems, used by the Indians for torches.

TORCH'-WORT, noun A plant.

Torcher

TORCH'ER, noun One that gives light. [Not used.]

TORCH'-LIGHT, noun [torch and light.] The light of a torch or of torches.

1. A light kindled to supply the want of the sun.

Tore

TORE, preterit tense of tear. He tore his robe.

TORE, noun The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and spring. [Used in New England.]

TORE, noun [Latin torus.] In architecture, a large round molding on the base of a column. It is distinguished from the astragali by its size. The bases of the Tuscan and Doric columns have only one tore which is between the plinth and listel. In the Attic base there are two.

Toreumatography

TOREUMATOG'RAPHY, noun [Gr. sculpture, and description.] A description of ancient sculptures and basso-relievos.

Torment

TOR'MENT, noun [Latin tormentum.; torqueo, torno; Eng. tour; that is, from twisting, straining.]

1. Extreme pain; anguish; the utmost degree of misery, either of body or mind.

The more I see

Pleasure about me, so much I feel

Torment within me.

Lest they also come into this place of torment Luke 16:28. Revelation 9:5. 14.

2. That which gives pain, vexation or misery.

They brought to him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases and torments. Matthew 4:24.

3. An engine for casting stones.

TORMENT', verb transitive To put to extreme pain or anguish; to inflict excruciating pain and misery, either of body or mind.

Art thou come hither to torment us before the time? Matthew 8:29.

He shall be tormented with fire and brimstone. Revelation 14:11.

1. To pain; to distress.

Lord, my servant lieth at home sick of the palsy, grievously tormented. Matthew 8:29.

2. To tease; to vex; to harass; as, to be tormented with importunities, or with petty annoyances.

3. To put into great agitation.

They soaring on main wing

Tormented all the air. [Unusual.]

Tormented

TORMENT'ED, participle passive Painted to extremity; teased; harassed.

Tormentil

TORMENT'IL, noun A genus of plants, the septfoil. The root is used in medicines as a powerful astringent, and for alleviating gripes or tormina, whence its name.

Tormenting

TORMENT'ING, participle present tense Paining to an extreme degree; inflicting severe distress and anguish; teasing; vexing.

TORMENT'ING, noun In agriculture, an imperfect sort of horse-hoeing.

Tormentor

TORMENT'OR, noun He or that which torments; one who inflicts penal anguish or tortures.

1. In agriculture, an instrument for reducing a stiff soil.

Torn

TORN, participle passive of tear.

Neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn by the beasts in the field. Exodus 22:13.

Tornado

TORNA'DO, noun [from the root of turn; that is, a whirling wind.]

A violent gust of wind, or a tempest, distinguished by a whirling motion. tornadoes of this kind happen after extreme heat, and sometimes in the United States, rend up fences and trees, and in a few instances have overthrown houses and torn them to pieces. Tornadoes are usually accompanied with severe thunder, lightning and torrents of rain; but they are of short duration, and narrow in breadth.

Torous

TO'ROUS, adjective [Latin torosus.] In botany, protuberant; swelling in knobs, like the veins and muscles; as a torous pericarp.

Torpedo

TORPE'DO, noun [Latin from torpeo, to be numb.] The cramp fish or electric ray, Raia torpedo This fish is usually taken in forty fathoms water, on the coast of France and England, and in the Mediterranean. A touch of this fish occasions a numbness in the limb, accompanied with an indescribable and painful sensation, and is really an electric shock. When dead, the fish loses its power of producing this sensation.

Torpent

TOR'PENT, adjective [Latin torpens, torpeo.] Benumbed; torpid; having no motion or activity; incapable of motion.

A frail and torpent memory.

TOR'PENT, noun In medicine, that which diminishes the exertion of the irritative motions.

Torpescence

TORPES'CENCE, noun A state of insensibility; torpidness; numbness; stupidity.

Torpescent

TORPES'CENT, adjective [Latin torpescens.] Becoming torpid or numb.

Torpid

TOR'PID, adjective [Latin torpidus, torpeo.]

1. Having lost motion or the power of exertion and feeling; numb; as a torpid limb.

Without heat all things would be torpid

2. Dull; stupid; sluggish; inactive. The mind as well as the body becomes torpid by indolence. Impenitent sinners remain in a state of torpid security.

Torpidity

TORPID'ITY, noun Torpidness.

Torpidnesspitude

TOR'PIDNESS'PITUDE, noun The state of being torpid; numbness. Torpidness may amount to total insensibility or loss of sensation.

1. Dullness; inactivity; sluggishness; stupidity.

Torpor

TOR'POR, noun [Latin] Numbness; inactivity; loss of motion, or of the power of motion. torpor may amount to a total loss of sensation, or complete insensibility. It may however be applied to the state of a living body which has not lost all power of feeling and motion.

1. Dullness; laziness; sluggishness; stupidity.

Torporific

TORPORIF'IC, adjective [Latin torpor and facio.] Tending to produce torpor.

Torrefaction

TORREFAC'TION, noun [Latin torrefacio; torridus and facio.]

1. The operation of drying by a fire.

2. In metallurgy, the operation of roasting ores.

3. In pharmacy, the drying or roasting of drugs on a metalline plate, placed over or before coals of fire, till they become friable to the fingers, or till some other desired effect is produced.

Torrefied

TOR'REFIED, . participle passive Dried; roasted; scorched. torrefied earth, in agriculture, is that which has undergone the action of fire.

Torrefy

TOR'REFY, verb transitive [Latin torrefacio; Latin torridus, torreo, and facio.]

1. To dry by a fire.

2. In metallurgy, to roast or scorch, as metallic ores.

3. In pharmacy, to dry or parch, as drugs, on a metalline plate till they are friable, or are reduced to any state desired.

Torrefying

TOR'REFYING, participle present tense Drying by a fire; roasting; parching.

Torrent

TOR'RENT, noun [Latin torrens. This is the participle of torreo, to parch; Eng. tear.]

1. A violent rushing stream of water or other fluid; a stream suddenly raised and running rapidly, as down a precipice; as a torrent of lava.

2. A violent or rapid stream; a strong current; as a torrent of vices and follies; a torrent of corruption.

Erasmus, that great injur'd name,

Stemm'd the wild torrent of a barb'rous age.

TOR'RENT, adjective Rolling or rushing in a rapid stream; as waves of torrent fire.

Torricellian

TORRICEL'LIAN, adjective Pertaining to Torricelli, an Italian philosopher and mathematician, who discovered the true principle on which the barometer is constructed.

Torricellian tube, is a glass tube thirty or more inches in length, open at one end, and hermetically sealed at the other.

Torricellian vacuum, a vacuum produced by filling a tube with mercury, and allowing it to descend till it is counterbalanced by the weight of an equal column of the atmosphere, as in the barometer.

Torrid

TOR'RID, adjective [Latin torridus, from torreo, to roast.]

1. Parched; dried with heat; as a torrid plain or desert.

2. Violently hot; burning or parching; as a torrid heat.

Torrid zone, in geography, that space or broad belt of the earth included between the tropics, over which the sun is vertical at some period every year, and where the heat is always great.

Torridness

TOR'RIDNESS, noun The state of being very hot or parched.

Torse

TORSE, noun [Latin tortus.] In heraldry, a wreath.

Torsel

TOR'SEL, noun [supra.] Any thing in a twisted form; as torsels for mantle-trees.

Torsion

TOR'SION, noun [Latin torsio, from torqueo, to twist.] The act of turning or twisting.

Torsion balance, an instrument for estimating very minute forces by the motion of an index attached to the ends of two fine wires, which twist around each other.

Torso

TOR'SO, noun The trunk of a statue, mutilated of head and limbs; as the torso of Hercules.

Torsten

TOR'STEN, noun An iron ore of a bright bluish black, etc.

Tort

TORT, noun [Latin tortus, twisted, from torqueo. The primary sense is to turn or strain, hence to twist.]

1. In law, any wrong or injury. Torts are injuries done to the person or property of another, as trespass, assault and battery, defamation and the like.

2. Mischief; calamity. [Except in the legal sense above explained, it is obsolete.]

Tortil

TORT'IL, adjective [Latin tortilis.] Twisted; wreathed; coiled. In botany, coiled like a rope; as a tortile awn.

Tortile

TORT'ILE

TOR'TION, noun [Latin tortus.] Torment; pain. [Not in use.]

Tortion

TOR'TION, n. [L. tortus.] Torment; pain. [Not in use.]

Tortious

TOR'TIOUS, adjective [from tort.] Injurious; done by wrong.

1. In law, implying tort, or injury for which the law gives damages.

Tortive

TORT'IVE, adjective [Latin tortus.] Twisted; wreathed.

Tortoise

TORTOISE, noun tor'tis.] from Latin tortus, twisted.]

1. An animal of the genus Testudo, covered with a shell or crust.

2. In the military art, a defense used by the ancients, formed by the troops arranging themselves in close order and placing their bucklers over their heads, making a cover resembling a tortoise-shell.

Tortoise-Shell

TOR'TOISE-SHELL, noun [tortoise and shell.] The shell or rather scales of the tortoise, used in inlaying and in various manufactures.

Tortuosity

TORTUOS'ITY, noun [from tortuous.] The state of being twisted or wreathed; wreath; flexure.

Tortuous

TORT'UOUS, adjective [Latin tortuosus.]

1. Twisted; wreathed; winding; as a tortuous train; a tortuous leaf or corol, in botany.

2. Tortious. [Not used.] [See Tortious.]

Tortuousness

TORT'UOUSNESS, noun The state of being twisted.

Torture

TORT'URE, noun [Latin tortus, torqueo, to twist.]

1. Extreme pain; anguish of body or mind; pang; agony; torment.

Ghastly spasm or racking torture

2. Severe pain inflicted judicially, either as a punishment for a crime, or for the purpose of extorting a confession from an accused person. torture may be and is inflicted in a variety of ways, as by water or fire, or by the boot or thumbkin. But the most usual mode is by the rack or wheel.

TORT'URE, verb transitive To pain to extremity; to torment.

1. To punish with torture; to put to the rack; as, to torture an accused person.

2. To vex; to harass.

3. To keep on the stretch, as a bow. [Not in use.]

Tortured

TORT'URED, participle passive Tormented; stretched on the wheel; harassed.

Torturer

TORT'URER, noun One who tortures; a tormenter.

Torturing

TORT'URING, participle present tense Tormenting; stretching on the rack; vexing.

Torturingly

TORT'URINGLY, adverb So as to torture or torment.

Torturous

TORT'UROUS, adjective Tormenting. [Not in use.]

Torulose

TOR'ULOSE, adjective In botany, swelling a little.

Torus

TO'RUS, noun A molding. [See Tore.]

Torvity

TORV'ITY, noun [Latin torvitas; from twisting, supra.] Sourness or severity of countenance.

Torvous

TORV'OUS, adjective [Latin torvus, from the root of torqueo, to twist.]

Sour of aspect; stern; of a severe countenance.

Tory

TO'RY, noun [said to be an Irish word, denoting a robber; perhaps from tor, a bush, as the Irish banditti lived in the mountains or among trees.] The name given to an adherent to the ancient constitution of England and to the apostolical hierarchy. The tories form a party which are charged with supporting more arbitrary principles in government than the whigs, their opponents.

In America, during the revolution, those who opposed the war, and favored the claims of Great Britain, were called tories.

Toryism

TO'RYISM, noun The principles of the tories.

Tose

TOSE, verb transitive s as z. To tease wool. [Not in use or local.]

Toss

TOSS, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive tossed or tost.

1. To throw with the hand; particularly, to throw with the palm of the hand upward, or to throw upward; as, to toss a ball.

2. To throw with violence.

3. To lift or throw up with a sudden or violent motion; as, to toss the head; or to toss up the head.

He toss'd his arm aloft.

4. To cause to rise and fall; as, to be tossed on the waves.

We, being exceedingly tossed with a tempest-- Acts 27:18.

5. To move one way and the other. Proverbs 21:6.

6. To agitate; to make restless.

Calm region once,

And full of peace, now tost and turbulent.

7. To keep in play; to tumble over; as, to spend four years in tossing the rules of grammar.

TOSS, verb intransitive To fling; to roll and tumble; to writhe; to be in violent commotion.

To toss and fling, and to be restless, only frets and enrages our pain.

1. To be tossed.

To toss up, is to throw a coin into the air and wager on what side it will fall.

TOSS, noun A throwing upward or with a jerk; the act of tossing; as the toss of a ball.

1. A throwing up of the head; a particular manner of raising the head with a jerk. It is much applied to horses, and may be applied to an affected manner of raising the head in men.

Tossed

TOSS'ED, participle passive Thrown upward suddenly or with a jerk; made to rise and fall suddenly.

Tossel

TOSS'EL. [See Tassel.]

Tosser

TOSS'ER, noun One who tosses.

Tossing

TOSS'ING, participle present tense Throwing upward with a jerk; raising suddenly; as the head.

TOSS'ING, noun The act of throwing upward; a rising and falling suddenly; a rolling and tumbling.

Dire was the tossing deep the groans.

TOSS'-POT, noun [toss and pot.] A toper; one habitually given to strong drink.

Tost

TOST, preterit tense and participle passive of toss.

In a troubled sea of passion tost

Total

TO'TAL, adjective [Latin totalis, totus.]

1. Whole; full; complete; as total darkness; a total departure from the evidence; a total loss; the total sum or amount.

2. Whole; not divided.

--Myself the total crime.

TO'TAL, noun The whole; the whole sum or amount. These sums added, make the grand total of five millions.

Totality

TOTAL'ITY, noun The whole sum; whole quantity or amount.

Totally

TO'TALLY, adverb Wholly; entirely; fully; completely; as, to be totally exhausted; all hope totally failed; he was totally absorbed in thought.

Totalness

TO'TALNESS, noun Entireness.

Tote

TOTE, verb transitive To carry or convey. [A word used in slaveholding countries; said to have been introduced by the blacks.]

Totter

TOT'TER, verb intransitive [This may be allied to titter.]

1. To shake so as to threaten a fall; to vacillate; as, an old man totters with age; a child totters when he beings to walk.

2. To shake; to reel; to lean.

As a bowing wall shall ye be, and as a tottering fence. Psalms 62:1.

Troy nods from high, and totters to her fall.

Tottering

TOT'TERING, participle present tense Shaking, as threatening a fall; vacillating; reeling; inclining.

Tottery

TOT'TERY, adjective Shaking; trembling or vacillating as if about to fall; unsteady. [Not in use.] [Spenser wrote tottle, as the common people of New England still pronounce it.]

Toucan

TOU'CAN, noun A fowl of the genus Ramphastos; also, a constellation of nine small stars.