Burler – Byssolite

Burler

BURL'ER, noun A dresser of cloth.

Burlesk

BURLESK', adjective [The termination esque answers to Eng.] Jocular; tending to excite laughter by ludicrous images, or by a contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it, as when a trifling subject is treated with gravity.

BURLESQUE,

BURLESK', noun Ludicrous representation; a contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it, which tends to excite laughter or ridicule.

1. A composition in which a trifling subject or low incident is treated with great gravity, as a subject of great dignity or importance; or a composition in which the contrast between the subject and the manner of considering it renders it ludicrous or ridiculous; as in Virgil Travestie, the Lutrin of Boileau, Butler's Hudibras and Trumbull's McFingal.

BURLESQUE,

BURLESK', verb transitive To turn into ridicule; or to make ludicrous by representation; as by treating a low or trifling subject with great gravity.

Burlesker

BURLESK'ER, noun One who burlesques, or turns to ridicule.

Burlesque

BURLESQUE,

BURLESQ'UER,

BURLET'TA, noun A comic opera; a musical entertainment.

Burlesquer

BURLESQ'UER,

Burletta

BURLET'TA, n. A comic opera; a musical entertainment.

Burliness

BUR'LINESS, noun [See Burly.] Bulk; bluster.

Burly

BURL'Y, adjective [The sense probably is swelled.] Great in size; bulky; timid; falsely great; boisterous. This word is obsolete or nearly so in America; but hurly-burly is common in vulgar use, for noise, confusion, uproar.

Burn

BURN, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive burned or burnt. [Latin pruna, and perhaps, furnus, fornaz, a furnace. The primary sense is, to rage, to act with violent excitement.]

1. To consume with fire; to reduce to ashes by the action of heat or fire; frequently with up; as, to burn up wood.

2. To expel the volatile parts and reduce to charcoal by fire; as, to burn wood into coal. Hence, in popular language, to burn a kiln of wood, is to char the wood.

3. To cleanse of soot by burning; to inflame; as, to burn a chimney; an extensive use of the word.

4. To harden in the fire; to bake or harden by heat; as, to burn bricks or a brick kiln.

5. To scorch; to affect by heat; as, to burn the clothes or the legs by the fire; to burn meat or bread in cookery.

6. To injure by fire; to affect the flesh by heat.

7. To dry up or dissipate; with up; as, to burn up tears.

8. To dry excessively; to cause to wither by heat; as, the sun burns the grass or plants.

9. To heat or inflame; to affect with excessive stimulus; as, ardent spirits burn the stomach.

10. To affect with heat in cookery, so as to give the food a disagreeable taste. Hence the phrase burnt to.

11. To calcine with heat or fire; to expel the volatile matter from substances, so that they are easily pulverized; as, to burn oyster shells, or lime-stone.

12. To affect with excess of heat; as, the fever burns a patient.

13. To subject to the action of fire; to heat or dry; as, to burn colors.

To burn up, to consume entirely by fire.

To burn out, to burn till the fuel is all consumed.

BURN, verb intransitive To be on fire; to flame; as, the mount burned with fire.

1. To shine; to sparkle.

O prince! O wherefore burn your eyes?

2. To be inflamed with passion or desire; as, to burn with anger or love.

3. To act with destructive violence, as fire.

Shall thy wrath burn like fire?

4. To be in commotion; to rage with destructive violence.

The groan still deepens and the combat burns.

5. To be heated; to be in a glow; as, the face burns.

6. To be affected with a sensation of heat, pain or acidity; as, the heart burns.

7. To feel excess of heat; as, the flesh burns by a fire; a patient burns with a fever.

To burn out, to burn till the fuel is exhausted and the fire ceases.

BURN, noun A hurt or injury of the flesh caused by the action of fire.

1. The operation of burning or baking, as in brickmaking; as, they have a good burn

Burnable

BURN'ABLE, adjective That may be burnt. [Little used.]

BURN'-COW or BURST'-COW, noun A genus of insects, with filiform feelers, of several species; very obnoxious to cattle.

Burned

BURN'ED, BURNT, participle passive Consumed with fire; scorched or dried with fire or heat; baked or hardened in the fire.

Burner

BURN'ER, noun A person who burns or sets fire to any thing.

Burnet

BURN'ET, noun A plant, Poterium or garden burnet

Burnet-Saxifrage

BURNET-SAXIFRAGE, noun A plant, Pimpinella.

Burning

BURN'ING, participle present tense Consuming with fire; flaming; scorching; hardening by fire; calcining; charring; raging as fire; glowing.

BURN'ING, noun Combustion; the act of expelling volatile matter and reducing to ashes, or to a calx; a fire; inflammation; the heat or raging of passion. In surgery, actual cautery; cauterization.

BURN'ING, adjective Powerful; vehement; as a burning shame; a burning scent.

1. Much heated; very hot; scorching.

The burning plains of India.

Burning-Glass

BURN'ING-GLASS, noun [burn and glass.] A convex glass which, when exposed to the direct rays of the sun, collects them into a small space, called a focus, producing an intense heat. The name is given also to a concave mirror which condenses the sun's rays.

Burning-Thorny-Pla

BURNING-THORNY-PLANT. A species of Euphorbia or spurge.

Burnish

BURN'ISH, verb transitive To polish by friction; to make smooth, bright and glossy; as, to burnish steel.

BURN'ISH, verb intransitive To grow bright or glossy.

BURN'ISH, noun Gloss; brightness; luster.

Burnished

BURN'ISHED, participle passive Polished; made glossy.

Burnisher

BURN'ISHER, noun The person who polishes, or makes glossy.

1. An instrument used in polishing, of different kinds. It may be a piece of round polished steel, a dog's or wolf's tooth, a piece of copper, agate or pebble. etc. It is used for giving a gloss or smoothness to metals, to the edges of books, etc.

Burnishing

BURN'ISHING, participle present tense Polishing; making smooth and glossy.

Burnoose

BURN'OOSE,

BURN'OS, noun An upper cloke or garment.

Burnos

BURN'OS, n. An upper cloke or garment.

Burnt

BURNT, participle passive of burn. Consumed; scorched; heated; subjected to the action of fire.

Burnt-Offering

BURNT-OFFERING, noun [burnt and offer.] Something offered and burnt on an altar, as an atonement for sin; a sacrifice; called also burnt-sacrifice. The offerings of the Jews were a clean animal, as an ox, a calf, a goat, or sheep; or some species of vegetable substance, as bread and ears of wheat or barley.

Burr

BURR, noun The lobe or lap of the ear.

1. The round knob of a horn next a deer's head.

2. The sweetbread.

BURR-pump, or bilge-pump. A pump, having a staff of 6, 7 or 8 feet long with a bar of wood to which the leather is nailed, which serves instead of a box. This staff is worked by men who pull it up and down, with a rope fastened to the middle of it.

Burras-Pipe

BUR'RAS-PIPE, noun An instrument or vessel used to keep corroding powders in.

Burrel

BUR'REL, noun A sort of pear, called also the red butter pear, from its smooth, delicious, soft pulp.

Burrel-Fly

BURREL-FLY, noun The ox-fly, gad-bee, or breeze.

Burrel-Shot

BURREL-SHOT, noun Small shot, nails, stones, pieces of old iron, etc., put into cases, to be discharged among enemies.

Burrock

BUR'ROCK, noun A small wier or dam where wheels are laid in a river, for catching fish.

Burrow

BUR'ROW, noun A different orthography of burgh, borough, which see.

BUR'ROW, noun A hollow place in the earth or in a warren, where small animals lodge, and sometimes deposit their provisions. Some animals excavate the earth, by scratching, and form these lodges.

BUR'ROW, verb intransitive To lodge in a hole excavated in the earth, as coneys or rabbits. In a more general sense, to lodge in any deep or concealed place. The word seems to include the idea of excavating a hole for a lodge, as well as lodging in it; but the verb is not often used transitively, as to burrow the earth.

Burrowing

BUR'ROWING, participle present tense Lodging in a burrow.

Bursar

BURS'AR, noun [See Burse.] A treasurer, or cash-keeper, as the bursar of a college, or of a monastery; a purser.

1. A student to whom a stipend is paid out of a burse or fund appropriated for that purpose, as the exhibitioners sent to the universities in Scotland by each presbytery.

Bursar-Ship

BURS'AR-SHIP, noun The office of a bursar.

Bursary

BURS'ARY, noun The treasury of a college, or monastery.

1. In Scotland, an exhibition.

Burse

BURSE, noun burs.

1. A public edifice in certain cities, for the meeting of merchants to consult on matters of trade and money, and to negotiate bills of exchange. This is the name used in many cities in Europe, but in England and America, such building is called an exchange. The new burse in Paris is one of the most elegant buildings in the city.

2. In France, a fund or foundation for the maintenance of poor scholars in their studies. In the middle ages, it signified a little college, or a ball in a university.

Burst

BURST, verb intransitive preterit tense and participle passive burst The old participle bursten is nearly obsolete.

1. To fly or break open with force, or with sudden violence; to suffer a violent disruption. The peculiar force of this word is, in expressing a sudden rupture, with violence, or expansion, or both. Hence it is generally used to signify the sudden rupture of a thing by internal force, and a liberation from confinement; as, to burst from a prison; the heart bursts with grief.

2. To break away; to spring from; as, to burst from the arms.

3. To come or fall upon suddenly or with violence; to rush upon unexpectedly; as, a sound bursts upon our ears.

4. To issue suddenly, or to come from a hidden or retired place into more open view; as, a river bursts from a valley; a spring bursts from the earth.

5. To break forth into action suddenly; as, to burst into tears.

6. To break or rush in with violence; as, to burst into a house or a room.

It is often followed by an intensive particle; as, out, forth, away, from, or asunder.

BURST, verb transitive To break or rend by force or violence; to open suddenly; as, to burst a chain or a door; to burst a cannon.

BURST, noun A sudden disruption; a violent rending; more appropriately, a sudden explosion or shooting forth; as a burst of thunder; a burst of applause, a burst of passion.

1. A rupture, a hernia, or the unnatural protrusion of the contents of the abdomen.

BURST, or BURST'EN, participle passive or adjective Affected with a rupture or hernia.

BURST, participle passive Opened or rent asunder by violence.

Burstenness

BURST'ENNESS, noun The state of having a rupture; the hernia.

Burster

BURST'ER, noun One that bursts.

Bursting

BURST'ING, participle present tense Rending or parting by violence; exploding.

BURST'-WORT, noun The Herniaria, a plant said to be good against hernia or ruptures.

Burt

BURT, noun A flat fish of the turbot kind.

Burthen

BURTHEN. [See Burden.]

Burton

BUR'TON, noun A small tackle formed by two blocks or pulleys, used to set up or tighten the topmost shrouds, and for various other purposes; called also top-burton-tackle.

Bury

BURY, noun ber'ry. This word is a different orthography of burg, burh, borough. It signifies a house, habitation or castle, and is retained in many names of places, as in Shrewsbury, Danbury, Aldermanbury. The word is used by Grew, for burrow.

BURY, verb transitive ber'ry.

1. To deposit a deceased person in the grave; to inter a corpse; to entomb.

2. To cover with earth, as seed sown.

3. To hide; to conceal; to overwhelm; to cover with any thing; as, to bury any one in the ruins of a city.

4. To withdraw or conceal in retirement; as, to bury one's self in a monastery or in solitude.

5. To commit to the water; to deposit in the ocean; as dead bodies buried in the deep.

6. To place one thing within another.

Thy name so buried in her.

7. To forget and forgive; to hide in oblivion; as, to bury an injury.

To bury the hatchet, in the striking metaphorical language of American Indians, is to lay aside the instruments of war, forget injuries, and make peace.

Burying

BURYING, participle present tense Interring; hiding; covering with earth; overwhelming.

BURYING, noun The act of interring the dead; sepulture. John 12:7.

Burying-Place

BURYING-PLACE, noun A grave-yard; a place appropriated to the sepulture of the dead; a church-yard.

Bush

BUSH, noun [Latin pasco, originally, to feed on sprouts.]

1. A shrub with branches; a thick shrub; also, a cluster of shrubs. With hunters, a fox tail.

2. An assemblage of branches interwoven.

3. A branch of a tree fixed or hung out as a tavern sign. Hence, since the branch has been discontinued, a coronated frame of wood hung out as a tavern sign, is so called. Hence the English proverb, 'Good wine needs no bush '

[I know not that this word is thus used in the U. States.]

4. A circle of metal let into the sheaves of such blocks as have iron pins, to prevent their wearing.

This word when applied to sheaves is called bush but when applied to the circular iron of a cart wheel is, in America, called a box.

BUSH, verb intransitive To grow thick or bushy.

BUSH, verb transitive To furnish a block with a bush

Bushel

BUSH'EL, noun A dry measure, containing eight gallons, or four pecks. The standard English bushel by Stat.12 . Henry VII., contains eight gallons of wheat, each gallon eight pounds of wheat, troy weight, the pound, twelve ounces troy, the ounce, twenty sterlings, and the sterling, thirty two grains of wheat growing in the middle of the ear. The contents are 2145.6 solid inches, equivalent to 1131 ounces and 14 pennyweights troy.

The English bushel is used also in the U. States.

Bushel signifies both the quantity or capacity, and the vessel which will contain the quantity.

1. In popular language, a large quantity indefinitely.

2. The circle of iron in the nave of a wheel; in America, called a box. [See Bush.]

Bushelage

BUSH'ELAGE, noun A duty payable on commodities by the bushel. [Not used in the U. States.]

Bushiness

BUSH'INESS, noun [from bush, bushy.] The quality of being bushy, thick or intermixed, like the branches of a bush.

BUSH'-MAN, noun A woodsman; a name which the Dutch give to the wild and ferocious inhabitants of Africa, near the Cape of Good Hope.

Bushment

BUSH'MENT, noun [from bush.] A thicket; a cluster of bushes. [Not used.]

Bushy

BUSH'Y, adjective [from bush.] Full of branches; thick and spreading, like a bush; as a bushy beard or brier.

1. Full of bushes; overgrown with shrubs.

Busied

BUSIED, participle passive of busy; pronoun biz'zied.

Busiless

BUSILESS, adjective biz'ziless. [See Busy.] Without business; at leisure; unemployed.

Busily

BUSILY, adverb biz'zily. With constant occupation; actively; earnestly; as, to be busily employed.

1. With an air of hurry or importance; with too much curiosity; importunately; officiously.

Business

BUSINESS, noun biz'ness. [See Busy.] Employment; that which occupies the time, attention and labor of men, for the purpose of profit or improvement--a word of extensive use and indefinite signification. business is a particular occupation, as agriculture, trade, mechanic art, or profession, and when used of a particular employment, the word admits of the plural number, businesses. business is also any temporary employment.

1. Affairs; concerns; as, a man leaves his business in an unsettled state.

2. The subject of employment; that which engages the care and attention.

You are so much the business of our souls.

3. Serious engagement; important occupation, in distinction from trivial affairs.

It should be the main business of life to serve God, and obey his commands.

4. Concern; right of action or interposing.

'What business has a man with the disputes of others?'

5. A point; a matter of question; something to be examined or considered.

Fitness to govern is a perplexed business

6. Something to be done; employment of importance to one's interest, opposed to amusement; as, we have no business in town.

They were far from the Zidonians and had no business with any one.

7. Duty, or employment that duty enjoins. A lawyer's business is to do justice to his clients.

To do the business for a man, is to kill, destroy or ruin him.

Busk

BUSK, noun A piece of steel or whale bone, worn by women to strengthen their stays; a word dependent on fashion.

BUSK, noun A bush. [Not used.]

BUSK, verb intransitive To be active or busy.

BUSK'ET, noun A small bush, or a compartment of shrubs in a garden.

Busket

BUSK'ET, noun In gardening, a grove, a compartment formed by branches of trees, regularly or irregularly disposed, according to fancy.

Buskin

BUSK'IN, noun A kind of half boot, or high shoe, covering the foot and leg to the middle and tied underneath the knee, worn by actors in tragedy on the state. The buskins of the ancients had very thick soles, to raise the actors and actresses to the stature of the persons they represented.

1. In classic authors, the word is used for tragedy.

Buskined

BUSK'INED, adjective Dressed in buskins.

Busky

BUSK'Y, adjective Busky; wooded; shaded or overgrown with trees or shrubs; generally written bosky. [See Bush.]

Buss

BUSS, noun [Latin basio.] A kiss; a salute with the lips.

1. A small vessel, from 50 to 70 tons burthen, carrying two masts, and two sheds or cabins, one at each end; used in the herring fishery.

BUSS, verb transitive To kiss; to salute with the lips.

Bust

BUST, noun [Latin bustum.] In sculpture, the figure of a person in relief, showing only the head, shoulders and stomach; ordinarily placed on a pedestal or console. In speaking of an antique, we say the head is marble and the bust porphyry or bronze; that is, the shoulders and stomach. The Italians use the word for the trunk of the body from the neck to the hips.

Bustard

BUST'ARD, noun The tarda, a species of fowl of the grallic order, and genus Otis. The fowl grows to the weight of 25 or 27 pounds, with a breadth of wing of six or seven feet. It inhabits England, feeding on green corn and other vegetables, and on earth-worms. It runs fast and takes flight with difficulty.

Bustle

BUS'TLE, verb intransitive bus'l. [ This word may be allied to busy, or to Latin festino.]

To stir quick; to be very active; to be very quick in motion, often or usually with the sense of noise or agitation.

And leave the world for me to bustle in.

BUS'TLE, noun bus'l. Hurry; great stir; rapid motion with noise and agitation; tumult from stirring or agitation; combustion.

All would have been well without this bustle

Bustler

BUS'TLER, noun bus'ler. An active stirring person.

Bustling

BUS'TLING, participle present tense bus'ling. Stirring; moving actively with noise or agitation.

Busto

BUST'O, noun A bust; sometimes perhaps used for a statue.

Busy

BUSY, adjective biz'zy.

1. Employed with constant attention; engaged about something that renders interruption inconvenient; as, a man is busy in posting his books.

My mistress is busy and cannot come.

2. Actively employed; occupied without cessation; constantly in motion; as a busy bee.

3. Active in that which does not concern the person; meddling with or prying into the affairs of others; officious; importunate; hence, troublesome; vexatious.

4. Much occupied with employment; as a busy day.

BUSY, verb transitive biz'zy. To employ with constant attention; to keep engaged; to make or keep busy; as, to busy one's self with books.

To be busied with genue and species.

Busy-Body

BUSY-BODY, noun biz'zy-body. [busy and body.]

A meddling person; one who officiously concerns himself with the affairs of others.

But

BUT, part. for butan.

1. Except; besides; unless.

Who can it be, but perjured Lycon?

That is, removed, separated, excepted.

Lycon being separated, or excepted, who can it be?

And but infirmity,

Which waits upon worn times, hath something seized

His wish'd ability, he had himself

The lands and waters measured.

That is, except, unless, separate this fact, that infirmity had seized his ability, he had measured the lands and waters.

In this use but butan, is a participle equivalent to excepting, and may be referred to the person speaking, or more naturally, it is equivalent to excepted, and with the following words, or clause, forming the case absolute.

Who can it be, Lycon being excepted?

And but my noble Moor is true of mind, it were enough to put him to ill thinking.

It cannot be but nature hath some director, of infinite power, to guide her in all her ways.

There is no question but the King of Spain will reform most of the abuses.

It is not impossible but I may alter the complexion of my play.

In the last three examples, that is omitted after but

It is not impossible but that I may alter the complexion of my play.

In these and all similar phrases, but denotes separation, exception.

2. Only.

A formidable man, but to his friends.

There is but one man present.use of but is a modern innovation; but perhaps too firmly established to be corrected. In all such phrases, a negative, not, nothing, or other word, is omitted. He is not a formidable man, but to his enemies, that is, except. There is not but one man present, that is, there is not except or besides one present. So also, 'Our light affliction is but for a moment.' 2 Corinthians 4:2. Our affliction is not, except for a moment.

If they kill us, we shall but die. 2 Kings 7:2.

The common people in America retain the original and correct phrase, usually employing a negative. They do not say, I have but one. On the other hand, they say, I have not but one, that is, I have not except one; except one, and I have none. This word but for butan is not a conjunction, nor has it the least affinity to that part of speech.

BUT, conjunction [Eng.over.]

More; further; noting an addition to supply what is wanting to elucidate, or modify the sense of the preceding part of a sentence, or of a discourse, or to continue the discourse, or to exhibit a contrast.

Now abide faith, hope, charity, these three;

BUT, the greatest of these is charity. 1 Corinthians 13:6.

When pride cometh, then cometh shame; but with the

lowly is wisdom. Proverbs 11:1.

Our wants are many and grievous; but quite of another

kind.

The house of representatives were well agreed in passing the bill; but the senate dissented.

This word is in fact a noun equivalent to addition or supply; but in grammatical construction, no inconvenience results from considering it to be a connective.

BUT, noun [Latin peto.]

1. An end; a limit; a bound. It is used particularly for the larger end of a thing, as of a piece of timber, or of a fallen tree; that which grows nearest the earth. It is not often applied to the bound or limit of land; yet butted, for bounded, is often used.

2. The end of a plank in a ship's side or bottom, which unites with another; generally written butt.

BUT, verb intransitive To be bounded by; to lie contiguous to; a word used in America. [See Abut.]

But-End

BUT-END, noun [but and end.] The largest or blunt end of a thing; as the but-end of a musket or of a piece of timber. This word is tautological, but and end signifying the same thing; unless but is considered as equivalent to swelling, protuberant.

Butcher

BUTCH'ER, noun

1. One who slaughters animals for market; or one whose occupation is to kill animals for the table. The word may and often does include the person who cuts up and sells meat.

2. One who kills men, or commands troops to kill them; one who sheds, or causes to be shed human blood in abundance; applied to princes and conquerors who delight in war, or are remarkable for destroying human life.

BUTCH'ER, verb transitive To kill or slaughter animals for food, or for market.

1. To murder; but emphatically applied to murder committed with unusual cruelty, or circumstances of uncommon barbarity.

Butcher-Bird

BUTCH'ER-BIRD, noun The shrike; a genus of birds, called Lanius. One species of this genus is called king-bird, from its courage in attacking hawks and crows.

The king-bird is now arranged under the genus Muscicapa.

Butcherliness

BUTCH'ERLINESS, noun A cruel, savage, butcherly manner.

Butcherly

BUTCH'ERLY, adjective [from butcher.] Cruel; savage; murderous; grossly and clumsily barbarous.

Butchers-Broom

BUTCH'ER'S-BROOM, noun Ruscus; a genus of plants, called also knee-holly. It is used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks.

Butchery

BUTCH'ERY, noun The business of slaughtering cattle for the table or for market.

1. Murder, especially murder committed with unusual barbarity; great slaughter.

2. The place where animals are killed for market; a shambles, or slaughter-house; also, a place where blood is shed.

Butler

BUT'LER, noun A servant or officer in the houses of princes and great men, whose principal business is to take charge of the liquors, place, etc. Formerly, an officer in the court of France, being the same as the grand echanson or great cup-bearer of the present times.

Butlerage

BUT'LERAGE, noun A duty of two shillings on every ton of wine imported into England by foreigners or merchant strangers. It was a composition for the privileges granted to them by king John and Edward I., and originally received by the crown; but is has been granted to certain noblemen. It was called butlerage because originally paid to the king's butler for the king.

Butlership

BUT'LERSHIP, noun The office of a butler. Genesis 40:21.

Butment

BUT'MENT, noun

1. A buttress of an arch; the supporter, or that part which joins it to the upright pier.

2. The mass of stone or solid work at the end of a bridge, by which the extreme arches are sustained. The mass of stone at the end of a timber bridge, without arches, is called by the same name. It is written also abutment.

Butshaft

BUT'SHAFT, noun [but and shaft.] An arrow to shoot at butts with.

Butt

BUTT, noun [See But.] Literally, end, furthest point. Hence, a mark to be shot at; the point where a mark is set or fixed to be shot at.

1. The point to which a purpose or effort is directed.

2. The object of aim; the thing against which an attack is directed. Hence,

3. The person at whom ridicule, jests or contempt are directed; as the butt of ridicule.

4. A push or thrust given by the head of an animal, as the butt of a ram; also, a thrust in fencing.

5. A cask whose contents are 126 gallons of wine, or two hogsheads; called also a pipe. A butt of beer is 108 gallons, and from 1500 to 2200 weight of currants is a butt

6. The end of a plank in a ship's side or bottom.

7. A particular kind of hinge for doors, etc.

BUTT, verb intransitive [Latin peto.] To thrust the head forward; to strike by thrusting the head against, as an ox or a ram.

Butter

BUT'TER, noun [Latin butyrum.] An oily substance obtained from cream or milk by churning. Agitation separates the fat or oily part of milk from the thin or serous part, called butter-milk.

Butter, in the old chimistry, was applied to various preparations; as,

Butter of antimony, now called the sublimated muriate of antimony, and made by distilling a mixture of corrosive sublimate and the regulus.

Butter of arsenic, sublimated muriate of arsenic, made by a like process.

Butter of bismuth, sublimated muriate of bismuth.

Butter of tin, sublimated muriate of tin.

Butter of zink, sublimated muriate of zink.

Butter of cacao, is an oily concrete white matter obtained from the cacao nut, made by bruising the nut and boiling it in water.

Butter of wax, the oleaginous part of wax, obtained by distillation, and of a butyraceous consistence.

BUT'TER, verb transitive To smear with butter

1. To increase the stakes at every throw or every game; a cant term among gamesters.

Butter-Bump

BUT'TER-BUMP, noun The bittern.

Butter-Burr

BUT'TER-BURR, noun A plant, a species of Tussilago, or Colt's-foot, called petasites, growing in wet land, with large leaves.

Butter-Cups

BUT'TER-CUPS, noun A name given to a species of Ranunculus or crow-foot, with bright yellow flowers; called also golden-cup.

Butter-Flower

BUT'TER-FLOWER, noun A yellow flower.

Butter-Milk

BUT'TER-MILK, noun The milk that remains after the butter is separated from it. Johnson calls this whey; but whey is the thin part of the milk after the curd or cheese is separated. butter-milk in America is not called whey.

Butter-Print

BUT'TER-PRINT,

BUT'TER-STAMP, noun A piece of carved wood, used to mark cakes of butter.

Butter-Stamp

BUT'TER-STAMP, n. A piece of carved wood, used to mark cakes of butter.

Butter-Tooth

BUT'TER-TOOTH, noun A broad fore tooth.

Butter-Wife

BUT'TER-WIFE,

BUT'TER-WOMAN, noun A woman who sells butter.

Butter-Woman

BUT'TER-WOMAN, n. A woman who sells butter.

Butterfly

BUT'TERFLY, noun [from the color of a yellow species.]

Papilio, a genus of insects, of the order of lepidopters. They have four wings imbricated with a kind of downy scales; the tongue is convoluted in a spiral form; and the body is hairy. The species are numerous. Butter-flies proceed from the crysalids of caterpillars; caterpillars proceed from eggs deposited by butterflies; they then change into crysalids, which produce butterflies, which again deposit their eggs.

Butterfly-Shell

BUTTERFLY-SHELL, noun A genus of testaceous'molluscas, with a spiral unilocular shell; called voluta.

Butteris

BUT'TERIS, noun An instrument of steel set in wood, for paring the hoof of a horse.

Butternut

BUT'TERNUT, noun [butter and nut.]

The fruit of an American tree, the Juglans cinerea; so called from the oil it contains. The tree bears a resemblance, in its general appearance, to the walnut, or black walnut, so called. It is sometimes called oilnut and white walnut. The tree is called also butternut or butternut-tree. Dr. M. Cutler calls it Juglans Cathartica.

Butterwort

BUT'TERWORT, noun A species of Pinguicula, a plant growing on bogs or soft grounds. The leaves are covered with soft pellucid prickles, which secrete a glutinous liquor; and milk, in which these are steeped, or washed, acquires, in a day or two, consistency, and is an agreeable food, used in the north of Sweden.

Buttery

BUT'TERY, adjective [from butter.] Having the qualities or appearance of butter.

BUT'TERY, noun An apartment in a house, where butter, milk, provisions and utensils are kept. In some colleges, a room where liquors, fruit and refreshments are kept for sale to the students.

Buttock

BUT'TOCK, noun The rump, or the protuberant part behind.

1. The convexity of a ship behind, under the stern.

Button

BUT'TON, noun but'n.

1. A knob; a small ball; a catch, used to fasten together the different parts of dress, made of metal, silk, mohair, wood, etc.

2. Any knob or ball fastened to another body; a small protuberant body.

3. A bud; a gem of a plant.

4. The button of the reins of a bridle, is a ring of leather, with the reins passed through, which runs along the length of the reins.

5. A flat piece of wood, turning on a nail or screw, to fasten doors.

6. A small round mass of metal, found at the bottom of a crucible, in chimical experiments.

7. The sea-urchin, an animal which has prickles instead of feet.

BUT'TON, verb transitive but'n. To fasten with a button or buttons; to inclose, or make secure with buttons; often followed with up, as to button up a waistcoat.

1. To dress or clothe. [Not used.]

Button-Hole

BUT'TON-HOLE, noun The hole or loop in which a button is caught.

Button-Maker

BUT'TON-MAKER, noun One whose occupation is to make buttons.

Button-Stone

BUT'TON-STONE, noun A species of figured stone, or hard flint, resembling a button, consisting of two bodies which appear to be the filling up of holes in a shell. A species has been found finely striated, like a mohair button. This name is given also to a species of slate found in the marquisate of Bareith.

Button-Tree

BUT'TON-TREE, noun The Conocarpus, called also button-wood, a genus of plants, natives of the West-Indies.

Button-Weed

BUT'TON-WEED, noun A genus of plants, the Spermacoce.

Button-Wood

BUT'TON-WOOD, noun The Cephalanthus, a shrub of noun America, growing five or six feet high.

1. The Platanus Occidentalis, Western plane-tree, a large tree growing in noun America, producing rough balls, from which it is named. The wood is hard, and used for windlasses, wheels and blocks.

Buttress

BUT'TRESS, noun [This word appears to be composed of but, end, and truss, or some word of that family.]

1. A prop; a wall or abutment built archwise, serving to support another wall on the outside, when very high or loaded with a heavy superstructure.

2. Any prop or support.

BUT'TRESS, verb transitive To support by a buttress; to prop.

Buttressed

BUT'TRESSED, adjective Supported with a buttress.

Butts

BUTTS, noun plural [from butt.] A place where archers meet to shoot at mark. Also, short pieces of land in arable ridges and furrows.

BUT'-WINK, noun A bird.

Butyraceous

BUTYRA'CEOUS,

BUT'YROUS, adjective [from butyrum, butter.] Having the qualities of butter; resembling butter.

Butyrous

BUT'YROUS, a. [from butyrum, butter.] Having the qualities of butter; resembling butter.

Buxom

BUX'OM, adjective

1. Obedient; obsequious; ready to obey.

2. Gay; lively; brisk.

3. Wanton; jolly.

Buxomly

BUX'OMLY, adverb Obediently.

1. Wantonly; amorously.

Buxomness

BUX'OMNESS, noun Meekness; obedience.

1. Briskness; amorousness.

Buy

BUY, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive bought. pronoun bawt.]

1. To acquire the property, right or title to any thing, by paying a consideration or an equivalent in money. It differs from barter only in this, that in barter the consideration or equivalent is some species of commodity; in purchase, the consideration is money paid or promised. To purchase; to acquire by paying a price to the satisfaction of the seller; opposed to sell.

2. To procure by a consideration given, or by something that is deemed worth the thing bought; to procure at a price; as, to buy pleasure with praise; to buy favor with flattery.

3. To bribe; to corrupt or pervert the judgment, by paying a consideration.

To buy off, to influence to compliance; to cause to bend or yield by some consideration, as to buy off conscience; to detach by a consideration given, as to buy off one from a party.

To buy out, to buy off, or detach from.

1. To purchase the share or shares of a person in a stock, fund, or partnership, by which the seller is separated from the company, and the purchaser takes his place, as, A buys out B. To purchase stock in any fund or partnership, is to buy in.

To buy on credit, is to purchase a thing, on a promise in fact or in law, to make payment at a future day.

To buy the refusal, is to give money for the right of purchasing at a fixed price at a future time.

To buy the small pox, in South Wales, is to receive it by inoculation.

In popular language, to buy is to pay dear for, as in Chaucer.

BUY, verb intransitive To negotiate, or treat about a purchase.

I will buy with you and sell with you.

Buyer

BUYER, noun One who buys; a purchaser.

Buying

BUYING, participle present tense Purchasing.

Buzz

BUZZ, verb intransitive

1. To make a low hissing sound, as bees; to make the sound of z, with an expiration of breath between the tongue and the roof of the mouth or upper teeth.

2. To whisper; to speak with a low hissing voice; to make a low hissing sound.

BUZZ, verb transitive To whisper; to spread, as report, by whispers, or to spread secretly.

BUZZ, noun The noise of bees; also, a whisper.

Buzzard

BUZZ'ARD, noun

1. A species of falco, or hawk, the buteo; a rapacious, but sluggish bird; the breast usually of a yellowish white; the upper parts of a deep brown. In some parts of America, it is called the great Hen-hawk, from its feeding on poultry.

2. A block-head; a dunce.

BUZZ'ARD, adjective Senseless; stupid.

Buzzardet

BUZZARDET', noun A species of Falco or hawk, resembling the buzzard in most respects; but its legs are in proportion rather longer.

Buzzer

BUZZ'ER, noun A whisperer; one who is busy in telling tales secretly.

Buzzing

BUZZ'ING, participle present tense Making a low hissing sound; whispering; tattling in secret.

By

BY, preposition

1. Near; close; as, sit by me; that house stands by a river.

[Latin pressus.]

2. Near, in motion; as, to move, go or pass by a church. But it seems, in other phrases, or with a verb in the past time, to signify past, gone beyond. 'The procession is gone by; ' 'the hour is gone by; ' 'John went by ' We now use past as an equivalent word. The procession is gone past. Gone by is in strictness tautology, as now used; but I apprehend by signifies primarily near.

3. Through, or with, denoting the agent, means, instrument or cause; as, 'a city is destroyed by fire; ' 'profit is made by commerce; ' 'to take by force.' This use answers to that of the Latin per, through, denoting a passing, acting, agency, or instrumentality.

4. 'Day by day; ' 'year by year; ' 'article by article.' In these phrases, by denotes passing from one to another, or each particular separately taken.

5. 'By the space of seven years.' In this phrase, by denotes through, passing or continuing, during.

6. 'By this time, the sun had risen.' The word here seems to denote, at, present or come to.

7. According to; as, 'this appears by his own account; ' 'these are good rules to live by '

8. On; as, 'to pass by land or water; ' 'great battles by sea and land.' In the latter phrase, at or on might be substituted for by

9. It is placed before words denoting quantity, measure or proportion; as, to sell by the pound; to work by the rod or perch; this line is longer by a tenth.

10. It is used to represent the means or instrument of swearing, or affirming; as, to swear by heaven, or by earth; to affirm by all that is sacred.

11. In the phrase, 'he has a cask of wine by him, ' by denotes nearness or presence.

12. 'To sit by one's self, ' is to sit alone, or without company.

13. 'To be present by attorney.' In this phrase, by denotes means or instrument; through or in the presence of a substitute.

14. In the phrase, 'North by West, ' the sense seems to be north passing to the west, inclining or going westward, or near west.

As an adverb, by denotes also nearness, or presence; as, there was no person by at the time. But some noun is understood. So in the phrase, 'to pass or go by ' there is a noun understood.

BY and by is a phrase denoting nearness in time; in a short time after; presently; soon.

When persecution ariseth, because of the word, by and by he is offended. Math.13.

BY the by signifies, as we proceed or pass.

To stand by is to stand near, or to support.

BY in lullaby, and in the nursery, a word used in lulling infants to sleep, is evidently allied to words found in many languages, signifying to rest, or be quiet, or to appease; that is, to press, to stop. [Latin paco.]

BY or bye, in by-law.

In the common phrase, good-bye, bye signifies passing, going. The phrase signifies, a good going, a prosperous passage, and it is precisely equivalent to farewell.

BY is used in many compound words, in most of which we observe the sense of nearness, closeness, or a withdrawing or seclusion.

By-Coffee-House

BY-COFFEE-HOUSE, noun A coffee house in an obscure place.

By-Concernment

BY-CONCERN'MENT, noun An affair distinct from the main business.

BY'-CORNER, noun A private corner.

By-Dependence

BY-DEPEND'ENCE, noun An appendage; that which depends on something else, or is distinct from the main dependence.

By-Design

BY-DESI'GN, noun An incidental design, or purpose.

BY'-DRINKING, noun A private drinking.

BY'-END, noun Private end; secret purpose or advantage.

BY'-GONE, adjective Past; gone by.

BY'-INTEREST, noun Self interest; private advantage.

BY'-LANE, noun A private lane, or one out of the usual road.

By-Law

BY'-LAW, noun A town law; the law of a city, town or private corporation.

BY'-MATTER, noun Something incidental.

BY'-NAME, noun Nickname; an incidental appellation.

BY'-PAST, adjective Past; gone by.

BY'-PATH, noun A private path; an obscure way.

By-Respect

BY-RESPECT', noun Private end, or view.

BY'-ROAD, noun A private or obscure road.

BY'-ROOM, noun A private room or apartment.

BY'-SPEECH, noun An incidental or casual speech, not directly relating to the point.

BY'-SPELL, noun A proverb. [Not used.]

By-Stander

BY'-STANDER, noun One who stands near; a spectator; one who has no concern with the business transacting.

BY'-STREET, noun A separate, private or obscure street.

BY'-TURNING, noun An obscure road.

BY'-VIEW, noun Private view; self interested purpose.

BY'-WALK, noun A secluded or private walk.

By-Way

BY'-WAY, noun A secluded, private or obscure way.

By-West

BY-WEST', adverb Westward; ; to the west of.

BY'-WIPE, noun A secret stroke or sarcasm.

By-Word

BY'-WORD, noun A common saying; a proverb; a saying that has a general currency.

Bye

BYE, noun A dwelling.

Byssin

BYS'SIN,

BYS'SINE, adjective Made of silk.

Byssine

BYS'SINE, a. Made of silk.

Byssolite

BYS'SOLITE, noun [Gr. fine flax, and stone; so called from its resemblance to moss.]

A rare mineral, occurring in very delicate filaments, short, flexible and elastic. Their color is olive green, or brownish yellow, and their luster a little silky. Jameson places byssolite under actinolite; Hauy arranges it under amianthoid.

BYS'SUS, noun [Latin byssus; Gr. fine linen, or cotton.]

The asbestus, composed of parallel fibers, is by some called by this name.