Cryptogam – Currant

Cryptogam

CRYPTOGAM, noun [See Cryptogamy.] In botany, a plant whose stamens and pistils are not distinctly visible.

Cryptogamian

CRYPTOGAMIAN, adjective Pertaining to plants of the class Cryptogamia, including ferns, mosses, sea-weeds, mushrooms, etc.

Cryptogamy

CRYPTOGAMY, noun [Gr., concealed, and marriage.] Concealed marriage; a term applied to plants whose stamens and pistils are not well ascertained, or too small to be numbered with certainty.

Cryptographer

CRYPTOGRAPHER, noun One who writes in secret characters.

Cryptographical

CRYPTOGRAPHICAL, adjective Written in secret characters or in cipher, or with sympathetic ink.

Cryptography

CRYPTOGRAPHY, noun [Gr., hidden, and to write.] The act or art of writing in secret characters; also, secret characters or cypher.

Cryptology

CRYPTOLOGY, noun [Gr., secret, and discourse.] Secret or enigmatical language.

Crystal

CRYSTAL, noun [Latin Gr., frost.]

1. In chemistry and mineralogy, an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid, terminated by a certain number of plane and smooth surfaces.

2. A factitious body, cast in glass houses, called crystal glass; a species of glass, more perfect in its composition and manufacture, than common glass. The best kind is the Venice crystal It is called also factitious crystal or paste.

3. A substance of any kind having the form of a crystal

4. The glass of a watch-case.

Rock crystal or mountain crystal a general name for all the transparent crystals of quartz, particularly of limpid or colorless quartz.

Iceland crystal a variety of calcarious spar, or crystalized carbonate of lime, brought from Iceland. It occurs in laminated masses, easily divisible into rhombs, and is remarkable for its double refraction.

CRYSTAL, adjective Consisting of crystal or like crystal; clear; transparent; lucid; pellucid.

By crystal streams that murmur thorough the meads.

Crystal-Form

CRYSTAL-FORM, adjective Having the form of crystal.

Crystaline

CRYSTALINE, adjective [Latin , Gr.]

1. Consisting of crystal; as a crystaline palace.

2. Resembling crystal; pure; clear; transparent; pellucid; as a crystalline sky.

CRYSTALINE heavens, in ancient astronomy, two spheres imagined between the primum mobile and the firmament, in the Ptolemaic system, which supposed the heavens to be solid and only susceptible of a single motion.

CRYSTALINE humor, crystaline lens, a lentiform pellucid body, composed of a very white, transparent, firm substance, inclosed in a membranous capsule, and situated in a depression in the anterior part of the vitreous humor of the eye. It is somewhat convex, and serves to transmit and refract the rays of light to the vitreous humor.

Crystalizable

CRYSTALIZABLE, adjective [from crystalize.] That may be crystalized; that may form or be formed into crystals.

Crystalization

CRYSTALIZATION, noun [from crystalize.]

1. The act or process by which the parts of a solid body, separated by the intervention of a fluid or by fusion, again coalesce or unite, and form a solid body. If the process is slow and undisturbed, the particles assume a regular arrangement, each substance taking a determinate and regular form, according to its natural laws; but if the process is rapid or disturbed, the substance takes an irregular form. This process is the effect of refrigeration or evaporation.

2. The mass or body formed by the process of crystalizing.

Crystalize

CRYSTALIZE, verb transitive To cause to form crystals.

Common salt is crystalized by the evaporation of sea water.

CRYSTALIZE, verb intransitive To be converted into a crystal; to unite, as the separate particles of a substance, and form a determinate and regular solid.

Each species of salt crystalizes in a peculiar form.

Crystalized

CRYSTALIZED, participle passive Formed into crystals.

Crystalizing

CRYSTALIZING, participle present tense Causing to crystalize; forming or uniting in crystals.

Crystallite

CRYSTALLITE, noun A name given to whinstone, cooled slowly after fusion.

Crystalographer

CRYSTALOGRAPHER, noun [infra.] One who describes crystals, or the manner of their formation.

Crystalographic

CRYSTALOGRAPHIC, CRYSTALOGRAPHICAL, adjective Pertaining to crystalography.

Crystalographical

CRYSTALOGRAPHIC, CRYSTALOGRAPHICAL adjective Pertaining to crystalography.

Crystalographicall

CRYSTALOGRAPHICALLY, adverb IN the manner of crystalography.

Crystalography

CRYSTALOGRAPHY, noun [crystal, as above, and description.]

1. The doctrine or science of crystalization, teaching the principles of the process, and the forms and structure of crystals.

2. A discourse or treatise on crystalization.

Cub

CUB, noun

1. The young of certain quadrupeds, as the bear and the fox; a puppy; a whelp. Waller uses the word for the young of the whale.

2. A young boy or girl, in contempt.

CUB, noun A stall for cattle. [Not in use.]

CUB, verb transitive To bring forth a cub or cubs. In contempt, to bring forth young, as a woman.

CUB, verb transitive To shut up or confine. [Not in use.]

Cubation

CUBATION, noun [Latin , to lie down.] The act of lying down; a reclining.

Cubatory

CUBATORY, adjective Lying down; reclining; incumbent.

Cubature

CUBATURE, noun [from cube.] The finding exactly the solid or cubic contents of a body.

Cube

CUBE, noun [Gr., Latin , a die or cube; to set or throw down, that which is set or laid, a solid mass.]

1. In geometry, a regular solid body, with six equal sides, and containing equal angles.

2. In arithmetic, the product of a number multiplied into itself, and that product multiplied into the same number; or it is formed by multiplying any number twice by itself; as, 4 times 4 = 16, and 16 times 4 = 64, the cube of 4.

The law of the planets is, that the squares of the times of their revolutions are in proportion to the cubes of their mean distances.

CUBE root, is the number or quantity, which, multiplied into itself, and then into the product, produces the cube; or which, twice multiplied into itself, produces the number of which it is the root; thus, 3 is the cube root or side of 27, for 3 times 3 = 9, and 3 times 9 = 27.

Cube-Ore

CUBE-ORE, noun Hexahedral olivenite, or arseniate or iron, a mineral of a greenish color.

Cubeb

CUBEB, noun The small spicy berry of the Piper cubeba, from Java and the other E. India isles. It was formerly called, from its short stems, Piper caudatum, or tailed pepper. It resembles a grain of pepper, but is somewhat longer. In aromatic warmth and pungency, it is far inferior to pepper.

Cubic

CUBIC, CUBICAL, adjective [Latin See Cube.] Having the form or properties of a cube; that may be or is contained within a cube. A cubic foot of water is the water that may be contained within six equal sides, each a foot square.

Cubical

CUBIC, CUBICAL adjective [Latin See Cube.] Having the form or properties of a cube; that may be or is contained within a cube. A cubic foot of water is the water that may be contained within six equal sides, each a foot square.

Cubic number, is a number produced by multiplying a number into itself, and that product by the same number; or it is the number arising from the multiplication of a square number by its root. [See Cube.]

Cubicalness

CUBICALNESS, noun The state or quality of being cubical.

Cubicular

CUBICULAR, adjective [Latin] Belonging to a chamber.

Cubiculary

CUBICULARY, adjective [Latin , a bedroom.] Fitted for the posture of lying down. [Little used.]

Cubiform

CUBIFORM, adjective Having the form of a cube.

Cubit

CUBIT, noun [Latin , the elbow; signifying a turn or corner; Gr.]

1. In anatomy, the fore arm; the ulna, and bone of the arm from the elbow to the wrist.

2. In mensuration, the length of a mans arm from the elbow to the extremity of the middle finger. The cubit among the ancients was of a different length among different nations. Dr. Arbuthnot states the Roman cubit at seventeen inches and four tenths; the cubit of the scriptures at a little less than 22 inches; and the English cubit at 18 inches.

Cubital

CUBITAL, adjective

1. Of the length or measure of a cubit.

2. Pertaining to the cubit or ulna; as the cubital nerve; cubital artery; cubital muscle.

Cubited

CUBITED, adjective Having the measure of a cubit.

Cubo-Dodecahedral

CUBO-DODECAHEDRAL, adjective Presenting the two forms, a cube and a dodecahedron.

Cubo-Octahedral

CUBO-OCTAHEDRAL, adjective [cube and octahedral.] Presenting a combination of the two forms, a cube and an octahedron.

Cuboid

CUBOID, adjective Having the form of a cube, or differing little from it.

Cuboidal

CUBOIDAL, adjective [Gr., cube, and form.] Cubiform; in the shape of a cube; as the cuboidal bone of the foot.

Cuckingstool

CUCKINGSTOOL, noun An engine for punishing scolds and refractory women; also brewers and bakers; called also a tumbrel and a trebuchet. The culprit was seated on the stool and thus immersed in water.

Cuckold

CUCKOLD, noun A man whose wife is false to his bed; the husband of an adulteress.

CUCKOLD, verb transitive

1. To make a man a cuckold by criminal conversation with his wife; applied to the seducer.

2. To make a husband a cuckold by criminal conversation with another man; applied to the wife.

Cuckold-Maker

CUCKOLD-MAKER, noun One who has criminal conversation with another mans wife; one who makes a cuckold.

Cuckolddom

CUCKOLDDOM, noun The act of adultery; the state of a cuckold.

Cuckoldly

CUCKOLDLY, adjective Having the qualities of a cuckold; mean; sneaking.

Cuckoo

CUCKOO, noun [Latin , Gr. See Gawk.] A bird of the genus Cuculus, whose name is supposed to be called from its note. The note is a call to love, and continued only during the amorous season. It is said the cuckoo lays its eggs in a nest formed by another bird, by which they are hatched.

Cuckoo-Bud

CUCKOO-FLOWER, CUCKOO-BUD noun A plant, a species of Cardamine.

Cuckoo-Flower

CUCKOO-FLOWER, CUCKOO-BUD, noun A plant, a species of Cardamine.

Cuckoo-Pint

CUCKOO-PINT, noun A plant, of the genus Arum.

Cuckoo-Spit

CUCKOO-SPIT, CUCKOO-SPITTLE, noun A dew or exudation found on plants, especially about the joints of lavender and rosemary. Or a froth or spume found on the leaves of certain plants, as on white field-lychnis or catch-fly, called sometimes spatling poppy.

Cucquean

CUCQUEAN, noun A vile lewd woman. [Not in use.]

Cucullate

CUCULLATE, CUCULLATED, adjective [Latin , a hood, a cowl.]

Cucullated

CUCULLATE, CUCULLATED adjective [Latin , a hood, a cowl.]

1. Hooded; cowled; covered as with a hood.

2. Having the shape or resemblance of a hood; or wide at the top and drawn to a point below, in shape of a conical roll of paper; as a cucullate leaf.

Cucumber

CUCUMBER, noun [Latin] The name of a plant and its fruit, of the genus Cucumis. The flower is yellow and bell-shaped; and the stalks are long, slender and trailing on the ground, or climbing by their claspers.

Cucurbit

CUCURBIT, noun [Latin , a gourd.] A chemical vessel in the shape of a gourd; but some of them are shallow, with a wide mouth. It may be made of copper, glass, tin or stone ware, and is used in distillation. This vessel, with its head or cover, constitutes the alembic.

Cucurbitaceous

CUCURBITACEOUS, adjective Resembling a gourd; as cucurbitaceous plants, such as the melon and pumpkin or pompion.

Cud

CUD, noun [See Chew and Jaw.]

1. The food which ruminating animals chew at leisure, when not grazing or eating; or that portion of it which is brought from the first stomach and chewed at once.

2. A portion of tobacco held in the mouth and chewed.

3. The inside of the mouth or throat of a beast that chews the cud

Cudden

CUDDEN, CUDDY, noun A clown; a low rustic; a dolt. [Not used.]

Cuddle

CUDDLE, verb intransitive To retire from sight; to lie close or snug; to squat.

Cuddy

CUDDY, noun

1. In ships, an apartment; a cabin under the poop, or a cook-room. It is applied to different apartments, in different kinds of ships.

2. The cole-fish.

Cudgel

CUDGEL, noun A short thick stick of wood, such as may be used by the hand in beating. It differs strictly from a club, which is larger at one end than the other. It is shorter than a pole, and thicker than a rod.

To cross the cudgels, to forbear the contest; a phrase borrowed from the practice of cudgel-players, who lay one cudgel over another.

CUDGEL, verb transitive

1. To beat with a cudgel or thick stick.

2. To beat in general.

Cudgel-Proof

CUDGEL-PROOF, adjective Able to resist a cudgel; not to be hurt by beating.

Cudgeler

CUDGELER, noun One who beats with a cudgel.

Cudle

CUDLE, noun A small sea fish.

Cudweed

CUDWEED, noun A plant of the genus Gnaphalium, goldy-locks or eternal flower, of many species. The flowers are remarkable for retaining their beauty for years, if gathered in dry weather.

Cue

CUE, noun [Latin]

1. The tail; the end of a thing; as the long curl of a wig, or a long roll of hair.

2. The last words of a speech, which a player, who is to answer, catches and regards as an intimation to begin. A hint given to an actor on the stage, what or when to speak.

3. A hint; an intimation; a short direction.

4. The part which any man is to play in his turn.

Were it my cue to fight.

5. Humor; turn or temper of mind. [Vulgar.]

6. A farthing, or farthings worth.

7. The straight rod, used in playing billiards.

Cuerpo

CUERPO, noun [Latin , body.] To be in cuerpo or to walk in cuerpo are Spanish phrases fro being without a cloke or upper garment, or without the formalities of a full dress, so that the shape of the body is exposed.

Cuff

CUFF, noun [Latin , Gr.]

1. A blow with the fist; a stroke; a box.

2. It is used of fowls that fight with their talons.

To be at fisty-cuffs, to fight with blows of the fist.

CUFF, verb transitive To strike with the fist, as a man; or with talons or wings, as a fowl.

CUFF, verb intransitive To fight; to scuffle.

CUFF, noun [This word probably signifies a fold or doubling.] The fold at the end of a sleeve; the part of a sleeve turned back from the hand.

Cuinage

CUINAGE, noun The making up of tin into pigs, etc. for carriage.

Cuirass

CUIRASS, noun A breast-plate; a piece of defensive armor, made or iron plate, well hammered, and covering the body from the neck to the girdle.

Cuirassier

CUIRASSIER, noun A soldier armed with a cuirass, or breast plate.

Cuish

CUISH, noun Defensive armor for the thighs.

Culdee

CULDEE, noun [Latin , worshipers of God.] A monkish priest, remarkable for religious duties. The Culdees formerly inhabited Scotland, Ireland and Wales.

Culerage

CULERAGE, noun Another name of the arse-smart.

Culiciform

CULICIFORM, adjective [Latin , a gnat or flea; form.] Of the form or shape of a flea; resembling a flea.

Culinary

CULINARY, adjective [Latin , a kitchen. See Kiln.] Relating to the kitchen, or to the art of cookery; used in kitchens; as a culinary fire; a culinary vessel; culinary herbs.

Cull

CULL, verb transitive To pick out; to separate one or more things from others; to select from many; as, to cull flowers; to cull hoops and staves for market.

Culled

CULLED, participle passive Picked out; selected from many.

Culler

CULLER, noun

1. One who picks or chooses from many.

2. An inspector who selects merchantable hoops and staves for market.

Cullibility

CULLIBILITY, noun [from cully.] Credulity; easiness of belief. [Not elegant nor used.]

Culling

CULLING, participle present tense Selecting; choosing from many.

Cullion

CULLION, noun

1. A mean wretch. If from cully, one easily deceived; a dupe.

2. A round or bulbous root; orchis. Latin

Cullionly

CULLIONLY, adjective Mean; base. [A bad word, and not used.]

Cullis

CULLIS, noun

1. Broth of boiled meat strained.

2. A kind of jelly.

Cully

CULLY, noun [See the Verb.] A person who is meanly deceived, tricked or imposed on, as by a sharper, jilt, or strumpet; a mean dupe.

CULLY, verb transitive To deceive; to trick, cheat or impose on; to jilt.

Cullyism

CULLYISM, noun The state of a cully. [Cully and its derivatives are not elegant words.]

Culm

CULM, noun [Latin See Quill and Haulm.]

1. In botany, the stalk or stem of corn and grasses, usually jointed and hollow, and supporting the leaves and fructification.

2. The straw or dry stalks of corn and grasses.

3. A species of fossil coal, found in small masses, not adhering when heated, difficult to be ignited, and burning with little flame, but yielding a disagreeable smell.

Culmiferous

CULMIFEROUS, adjective [Latin , a stalk; to bear.] Producing stalks. culmiferous plants have a smooth jointed stalk, usually hollow, and wrapped about at each joint with single, narrow, sharp-pointed leaves, and their seeds contained in chaffy husks, as wheat, rye, oats and barley.

Culminate

CULMINATE, verb intransitive [Latin , a top or ridge.] To be vertical; to come or be in the meridian; to be in the highest point of altitude; as a planet.

Culmination

CULMINATION, noun

1. The transit of a planet over the meridian, or highest point of altitude for the day.

2. Top; crown.

Culpability

CULPABILITY, noun [See Culpable.] Blamableness; culpableness.

Culpable

CULPABLE, adjective [Latin , a fault.]

1. Blamable; deserving censure; as the person who has done wrong, or the act, conduct or negligence of the person. We say, the man is culpable or voluntary ignorance is culpable

2. Sinful; criminal; immoral; faulty. But generally, culpable is applied to acts less atrocious than crimes.

3. Guilty of; as culpable of a crime. [Not used.]

Culpableness

CULPABLENESS, noun Blamableness; guilt; the quality of deserving blame.

Culpably

CULPABLY, adverb Blamably; in a faulty manner; in a manner to merit censure.

Culprit

CULPRIT, noun [supposed to be formed from cul, for culpable, and prit, ready; certain abbreviations used by the clerks in noting the arraignment of criminals; the prisoner is guilty, and the king is ready to prove him so.]

1. A person arraigned in court for a crime.

2. Any person convicted of a crime; a criminal.

Culter

CULTER, noun [Latin] A colter, which see.

Cultivable

CULTIVABLE, adjective [See Cultivate.] Capable of being tilled or cultivated.

Cultivate

CULTIVATE, verb transitive [Latin , to till, to dwell.]

1. To till; to prepare for crops; to manure, plow, dress, sow and reap; to labor on manage and improve in husbandry; as, to cultivate land; to cultivate a farm.

2. To improve by labor or study; to advance the growth of; to refine and improve by correction of faults, and enlargement of powers or good qualities; as, to cultivate talents; to cultivate a taste for poetry.

3. To study; to labor to improve or advance; as, to cultivate philosophy; to cultivate the mind.

4. To cherish; to foster; to labor to promote and increase; as, to cultivate the love of excellence; to cultivate gracious affections.

5. To improve; to meliorate, or to labor to make better; to correct; to civilize; as, to cultivate the wild savage.

6. To raise or produce by tillage; as, to cultivate corn or grass.

Cultivated

CULTIVATED, participle passive Tilled; improved in excellence or condition; corrected and enlarged; cherished; meliorated; civilized; produced by tillage.

Cultivating

CULTIVATING, participle present tense Tilling; preparing for crops; improving in worth or good qualities; meliorating; enlarging; correcting; fostering; civilizing; producing by tillage.

Cultivation

CULTIVATION, noun

1. The art or practice of tilling and preparing for crops; husbandry; the management of land. Land is often made better by cultivation Ten acres under good cultivation will produce more than twenty when badly tilled.

2. Study, care and practice directed to improvement, correction, enlargement or increase; the application of the means of improvement; as, men may grow wiser by the cultivation of talents; they may grow better by the cultivation of the mind, of virtue, and of piety.

3. The producing by tillage; as the cultivation of corn or grass.

Cultivator

CULTIVATOR, noun

1. One who tills, or prepares land for crops; one who manages a farm, or carries on the operations of husbandry in general; a farmer; a husbandman; an agriculturist.

2. One who studies or labors to improve, to promote and advance in good qualities, or in growth.

Cultrated

CULTRATED, adjective [L, a knife.] Sharp-edged and pointed; formed like a knife; as, the beak of a bird is convex and cultrated

Culture

CULTURE, noun [Latin See Cultivate.]

1. The act of tilling and preparing the earth for crops; cultivation; the application of labor or other means of improvement.

We ought to blame the culture not the soil.

2. The application of labor or other means to improve good qualities in, or growth; as the culture of the mind; the culture of virtue.

3. The application of labor or other means in producing; as the culture of corn, or grass.

4. Any labor or means employed for improvement, correction or growth.

CULTURE, verb transitive To cultivate.

Culver

CULVER, noun [Latin] A pigeon, or wood pigeon.

Culver-House

CULVER-HOUSE, noun A dove-cote.

Culverin

CULVERIN, noun [Latin , a serpent.] A long slender piece of ordnance or artillery, serving to carry a ball to a great distance.

Culverkey

CULVERKEY, noun A plant or flower.

Culvert

CULVERT, noun A passage under a road or canal, covered with a bridge; an arched drain for the passage of water.

Culvertail

CULVERTAIL, noun [culver and tail.] Dove-tail, in joinery and carpentry.

Culvertailed

CULVERTAILED, adjective United or fastened, as pieces of timber by a dove-tailed joint; a term used by shipwrights.

Cumbent

CUMBENT, adjective [Latin] Lying down.

Cumber

CUMBER, verb transitive [G., to arrest, to concern, to trouble, to grieve.]

1. To load; to crowd.

A variety of frivolous arguments cumbers the memory to no purpose.

2. To check, stop or retard, as by a load or weight; to make motion difficult; to obstruct.

Why asks he what avails him not in fight, and would but cumber and retard his flight.

3. To perplex or embarrass; to distract or trouble.

Martha was cumbered about much serving. Luke 10:40.

4. To trouble; to be troublesome to; to cause trouble or obstruction in, as any thing useless. Thus, brambles cumber a garden or field. [See Encumber, which is more generally used.]

CUMBER, noun Hindrance; obstruction; burdensomeness; embarrassment; disturbance; distress.

Thus fade thy helps, and thus thy cumbers spring. [This word is now scarcely used.]

Cumbersome

CUMBERSOME, adjective

1. Troublesome; burdensome; embarrassing; vexatious; as cumbersome obedience.

2. Unwieldy; unmanageable not easily borne or managed; as a cumbersome load; a cumbersome machine.

Cumbersomely

CUMBERSOMELY, adverb In a manner to encumber.

Cumbersomeness

CUMBERSOMENESS, noun Burdensomeness; the quality of being cumbersome and troublesome.

Cumbrance

CUMBRANCE, noun That which obstructs, retards, or renders motion or action difficult and toilsome; burden; encumbrance; hindrance; oppressive load; embarrassment.

Cumbrous

CUMBROUS, adjective

1. Burdensome; troublesome; rendering action difficult or toilsome; oppressive; as a cumbrous weight or charge.

2. Giving trouble; vexatious; as a cloud of cumbrous gnats.

3. Confused; jumbled; obstructing each other; as the cumbrous elements.

Cumbrously

CUMBROUSLY, adverb In a cumbrous manner.

Cumfrey

CUMFREY, noun A genus of plants, the Symphytum; sometimes written comfrey, comfry, and comphry.

Cumin

CUMIN, noun [Latin , Gr.] An annual plant of one species, whose seeds have a bitterish warm taste, with an aromatic flavor.

Cumulate

CUMULATE, verb transitive [Latin , a heap.] To gather or throw into a heap; to form a heap; to heap together. [Accumulate is more generally used.]

Cumulation

CUMULATION, noun The act of heaping together; a heap. [See Accumulation.]

Cumulative

CUMULATIVE, adjective

1. Composed of parts in a heap; forming a mass.

2. That augments by addition; that is added to something else. In law, that augments, as evidence, facts or arguments of the same kind.

Cun

CUN, verb transitive

1. To know. [Not used.] [See Con.]

2. To direct the course of a ship. [See Cond, the true orthography.]

Cunctation

CUNCTATION, noun [Latin , to delay.] Delay. [Not much used.]

Cunctator

CUNCTATOR, noun One who delays or lingers. [Little used.]

Cund

CUND, verb transitive To give notice. [See Cond.]

Cuneal

CUNEAL, adjective [Latin , a wedge. See coin.] Having the form of a wedge.

Cuneate

CUNEATE, CUNEATED, adjective Wedge-shaped.

Cuneated

CUNEATE, CUNEATED adjective Wedge-shaped.

Cuneiform

CUNEIFORM, CUNIFORM, adjective [Latin , a wedge, and form.] Having the shape or form of a wedge.

Cuniform

CUNEIFORM, CUNIFORM adjective [Latin , a wedge, and form.] Having the shape or form of a wedge.

Cunner

CUNNER, noun A kind of fish, less than an oyster, that sticks close to the rocks.

Cunning

CUNNING, adjective [G. See Can.]

1. Knowing; skillful; experienced; well-instructed. It is applied to all kinds of knowledge, but generally and appropriately, to the skill and dexterity of artificers, or the knowledge acquired by experience.

Esau was a cunning hunter. Genesis 23:1.

I will take away the cunning artificer. Isaiah 3:3.

A cunning workman. Exodus 38:23.

2. Wrought with skill; curious; ingenious.

With cherubs of cunning work shalt thou make them. Exodus 26:1.

[The foregoing senses occur frequently in our version of the scriptures, but are nearly or quite obsolete.]

3. Artful; shrewd; sly; crafty; astute; designing; as a cunning fellow.

They are resolved to be cunning; let others run the hazard of being sincere.

In this sense, the purpose or final end of the person may not be illaudalbe; but cunning implies the use of artifice to accomplish the purpose, rather than open, candid, or direct means. Hence,

4. Deceitful; trickish; employing stratagems for a bad purpose.

5. Assumed with subtilty; artful.

Accounting his integrity to be but a cunning face of falsehood.

CUNNING, noun

1. Knowledge; art; skill; dexterity.

Let my right hand forget her cunning Psalms 137:5.

2. Art; artifice; artfulness; craft; shrewdness; the faculty or act of using stratagem to accomplish a purpose. Hence in a bad sense, deceitfulness or deceit; fraudulent skill or dexterity.

Discourage cunning in a child; cunning is the ape of wisdom.

Cunningly

CUNNINGLY, adverb Artfully; craftily; with subtilty; with fraudulent contrivance.

We have not followed cunningly devised fables. 2 Peter 1:16.

Cunningman

CUNNINGMAN, noun A man who pretends to tell fortunes, or teach how to recover stolen or lost goods.

Cunningness

CUNNINGNESS, noun Cunning; craft; deceitfulness.

Cup

CUP, noun [Latin , a little cup ]

1. A small vessel of capacity, used commonly to drink out of. It is usually made of metal; as a silver cup; a tin cup But the name is also given to vessels of like shape used for other purposes. It is usually more deep than wide; but tea-cups and coffee-cups are often exceptions.

2. The contents of a cup; the liquor contained in a cup or that it may contain; as a cup of beer. See 1 Corinthians 11:25.

3. In a scriptural sense, sufferings and afflictions; that which is to be received or endured.

O my father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me. Matthew 26:27.

4. Good received; blessings and favors.

My cup runneth over. Psalms 23:5.

Take the cup of salvation, that is, receive the blessings of deliverance and redemption with joy and thanksgiving.

5. Any thing hollow like a cup; as the cup of an acorn. The bell of a flower, and a calyx is called a flower-cup.

6. A glass cup or vessel used for drawing blood in scarification.

CUP and can, familiar companions; the can being the large vessel out of which the cup is filled, and thus the two being constantly associated.

CUPs, in the plural, social entertainment in drinking; merry bout.

Thence from cups to civil broils.

CUP, verb intransitive

1. In surgery, to apply a cupping-glass to procure a discharge of blood from a scarified part of the body.

2. To supply with cups.

Cup-Rose

CUP-ROSE, noun The poppy.

Cupbearer

CUPBEARER, noun An attendant of a prince or at a feast, who conveys wine or other liquors to the guests; an officer of the kings household. Nehemiah 1:11.

Cupboard

CUPBOARD, noun [cup and board.] Originally, a board or shelf for cups to stand on. In modern houses, a small case or inclosure in a room with shelves destined to receive cups, plates, dishes and the like.

CUPBOARD, verb transitive To collect into a cupboard; to hoard. [Not used.]

Cupel

CUPEL, noun [Latin , a little cup.] A small cup or vessel used in refining metals. It retains them while in a metallic state, but when changed by fire into a fluid scoria, it absorbs them. Thus when a mixture of lead with gold or silver is heated in a strong fire, the lead is oxydated and vitrified, and sinks into the substance of the cupel while the gold or silver remains pure. This kind of vessel is made usually of phosphate of lim, or the residue of burnt bones, rammed into a mold, which gives it its figure.

Cupellation

CUPELLATION, noun The refining of gold or silver by a cupel or by scorification.

Cupgall

CUPGALL, noun A singular kind of gall found on the leaves of oak, etc. It contains the worm of a small fly.

Cupidity

CUPIDITY, noun [Latin , to desire, to covet.] An eager desire to possess something; an ardent wishing or longing; inordinate or unlawful desire of wealth or power. It is not used, I believe, for the animal appetite, like lust or concupiscence, but for desire of the mind.

No property is secure when it becomes large enough to tempt the cupidity of indigent power.

Cupola

CUPOLA, noun In architecture, a spherical vault on the top of an edifice; a dome, or the round top of a dome.

Cupolaid

CUPOLAID, adjective Having a cupola. [Not used.]

Cupper

CUPPER, noun [from cup.] One who applies a cupping-glass; a scarifier.

Cupping

CUPPING, participle present tense Applying a cupping-glass, with scarification; a drawing blood with a cupping-glass.

Cupping-Glass

CUPPING-GLASS, noun A glass vessel like a cup, to be applied to the skin, before and after scarification, for drawing blood.

Cupreous

CUPREOUS, adjective [Latin , copper.] Coppery; consisting of copper; resembling copper, or partaking of its qualities.

Cupriferous

CUPRIFEROUS, adjective [Latin , copper; to bear.] Producing or affording copper; as cupriferous silver.

Cur

CUR, noun A degenerate dog; and in reproach, a worthless man.

Curable

CURABLE, adjective [See Cure.] That may be healed or cured; admitting a remedy; as acurable wound or disease; a curable evil.

Curableness

CURABLENESS, noun Possibility of being cured, healed or remedied.

Curacy

CURACY, CURATESHIP, noun [See Cure and Curate.]

Curate

CURATE, noun [Latin , care. See Cure.]

1. A clergyman in the church of England, who is employed to perform divine service in the place of the incumbent, parson or vicar. He must be licenced by the bishop or ordinary, and having no fixed estate in the curacy, he may be removed at pleasure. But some curates are perpetual.

2. One employed to perform the duties of another.

Curateship

CURACY, CURATESHIP noun [See Cure and Curate.]

1. The office or employment of a curate; the employment of a clergyman who represents the incumbent or beneficiary of a church, parson or vicar, and officiates in his stead.

2. A benefice held by license from the bishop.

Curative

CURATIVE, adjective Relating to the cure of diseases; tending to cure.

Curator

CURATOR, noun [Latin See Cure.]

1. One who hast he care and superintendence of any thing.

2. A guardian appointed by law.

3. Among the Romans, a trustee of the affairs and interests of a person emancipated or interdicted. Also, one appointed to regulate the price of merchandize in the cities, and to superintend the customs and tributes.

4. In the United Provinces, or Holland, the curator of a University superintends the affairs of the institution, the administration of the revenues, the conduct of the professors, etc.

Curb

CURB, noun

1. In the manege, a chain of iron made fast to the upper part of the branches of the bridle, in a hole called the eye, and running over the beard of the horse. It consists of three parts; the hook, fixed to the eye of the branch; the chain or links; and the two rings or mails.

2. Restraint; check; hindrance.

Religion should operate as an effectual curb to the passions.

3. A frame or a wall round the mouth of a well.

4. A hard and callous swelling on the hind part of the hock of a horses leg, attended with stiffness, and sometimes pain and lameness. A tumor on the inside of a horses hoof. A swelling beneath the elbow of a horses hoof.

CURB, verb transitive

1. To restrain; to guide and manage; as a horse.

2. To restrain; to check; to hold back; to confine; to keep in subjection; as, to curb the passions.

And wisely learn to curb thy sorrows wild.

3. To furnish or surround with a curb as a well.

4. To bend. [Not used.]

Curb-Stone

CURB-STONE, noun A stone placed at the edge of a pavement, to hold the work together. It is written sometimes kerb or kirb.

Curbed

CURBED, participle passive Restrained; checked; kept in subjection; furnished with a curb.

Curbing

CURBING, participle present tense Holding back; checking; restraining.

CURBING, noun A check.

Curd

CURD, noun [See Crystal.] The coagulated or thickened part of milk, which is formed into cheese, or, in some countries, eaten as common food. The word may sometimes perhaps be used for the coagulated part of any liquor.

CURD, verb transitive To cause to coagulate; to turn to curd

Curdle

CURDLE, verb intransitive [sometimes written crudle. See Curd.]

1. To coagulate or concrete; to thicken, or change into curd. Milk curdles by a mixture of runnet.

2. To thicken; to congeal; as, the blood curdles in the veins.

CURDLE, verb transitive

1. To change into curd; to cause to thicken, coagulate, or concrete. Runnet or brandy curdles milk.

At Florence they curdle their milk with artichoke flowers.

2. To congeal or thicken. The recital curdled my blood.

Curdled

CURDLED, participle passive Coagulated; congealed.

Curdling

CURDLING, participle present tense Concreting; coagulating.

Curdy

CURDY, adjective Like curd; full of curd; coagulated.

Cure

CURE, noun [Latin , to cure to take care, to prepare.]

1. A healing; the act of healing; restoration to health from disease, and to soundness from a wound. We say, a medicine will effect a cure

2. Remedy for disease; restorative; that which heals.

Colds, hunger, prisons, ills without a cure

3. The employment of a curate; the care of souls; spiritual charge.

CURE, verb transitive [Latin See the Noun.]

1. To heal, as a person diseased or a wounded limb; to restore to health, as the body, or to soundness, as a limb.

The child was cured from that very hour. Matthew 17:16.

2. To subdue, remove, destroy or put an end to; to heal, as a disease.

Christ gave his disciples power to cure diseases. Luke 9:1.

When the person and the disease are both mentioned, cure is followed by of before the disease. The physician cured the man of his fever.

3. To remedy; to remove an evil, and restore to a good state.

Patience will alleviate calamities, which cannot cure

4. To dry; to prepare for preservation; as, to cure hay; or to prepare by salt, or in any manner, so as to prevent speedy putrefaction; as, to cure fish or beef.

Cured

CURED, participle passive Healed; restored to health or soundness; removed, as a disease; remedied; dried, smoked, or otherwise prepared for preservation.

Cureless

CURELESS, adjective That cannot be cured or healed; incurable; not admitting of a remedy; as a cureless disorder; a cureless ill.

Curer

CURER, noun A healer; a physician; one who heals.

Curfew

CURFEW, noun

1. The ringing of a bell or bells at night, as a signal to the inhabitants to rake up their fires and retire to rest. This practice originated in England from an order of William the conqueror, who directed that at the ringing of the bell, at eight oclock, every one should put out his light and go to bed. This word is not used in America; although the practice of ringing a bell, at nine oclock, continues in many places, and is considered in New England, as a signal for people to retire from company to their own abodes; and in general, the signal is obeyed.

2. A cover for a fire; a fire-plate. [Not used.]

Curiality

CURIALITY, noun [Latin , a court.] The privileges, prerogatives, or retinue of a court. [Not used.]

Curing

CURING, participle present tense Healing; restoring to health or soundness; removing, as an evil; preparing for preservation.

Curing-House

CURING-HOUSE, noun A building in which sugar is drained and dried.

Curiologic

CURIOLOGIC, adjective [Gr., propriety of speaking.] Designating a rude kind of hieroglyphics, in which a thing is represented by its picture.

Curiosity

CURIOSITY, noun [Latin See Curious.]

1. A strong desire to see something novel, or to discover something unknown, either by research or inquiry; a desire to gratify the senses with a sight of what is new or unusual, or to gratify the mind with new discoveries; inquisitiveness. A mans curiosity leads him to view the ruins of Balbec, to investigate the origin of Homer, to discover the component parts of a mineral, or the motives of anothers actions.

2. Nicety; delicacy.

3. Accuracy; exactness; nice performance; curiousness; as the curiosity of workmanship.

4. A nice experiment; a thing unusual or worthy of curiosity

There hath been practiced a curiosity to set a tree on the north side of a walk and at a little height, to draw it through the wall, etc.

5. An object of curiosity; that which excites a desire of seeing, or deserves to be seen, as novel and extraordinary.

We took a ramble together to see the curiosities of this great town.

[The first and last senses are chiefly used.]

Curioso

CURIOSO, noun A curious person; a virtuoso.

Curious

CURIOUS, adjective [Latin , care. See Cure.]

1. Strongly desirous to see what is novel, or to discover what is unknown; solicitous to see or to know; inquisitive.

Be not curious in unnecessary matters, nor to pry into the concerns of your neighbors.

2. Habitually inquisitive; addicted to research or enquiry; as a man of a curious turn of mind; sometimes followed by after, and sometimes by of.

CURIOUS after things elegant and beautiful; curious of antiquities.

3. Accurate; careful not to mistake; solicitous to be correct.

Men were not curious what syllables or particles they used.

4. Careful; nice; solicitous in selection; difficult to please.

A temperate man is not curious of delicacies.

5. Nice; exact; subtile; made with care.

Both these senses embrace their objects--with a more curious discrimination.

6. Artful; nicely diligent.

Each ornament about her seemly lies, by curious chance, or careless art, composed.

7. Wrought with care and art; elegant; neat; finished; as a curious girdle; curious work Exodus 28:8 and 30.

8. Requiring care and nicety; as curious arts. Acts 19:19.

9. Rigid; severe; particular. [Little used.]

10. Rare; singular; a a curious fact.

Curiously

CURIOUSLY, adverb

1. With nice inspection; inquisitively; attentively.

I saw nothing at first, but observing it more curiously the spots appeared.

2. With nice care and art; exactly; neatly; elegantly. Psalms 139:15.

3. In a singular manner; unusually.

Curiousness

CURIOUSNESS, noun

1. Fitness to excite curiosity; exactness of workmanship.

2. Singularity of contrivance.

3. Curiosity.

Curl

CURL, verb transitive

1. To turn, bend or form into ringlets; to crisp; as the hair.

2. To writhe; to twist; to coil; as a serpent.

3. To dress with curls.

The snaky locks that curled Megaera.

4. To raise in waves or undulations; to ripple.

Seas would be pools, without the brushing air to curl the waves.

CURL, verb intransitive

1. To bend in contraction; to shrink into ringlets.

2. To rise in waves or undulation; to ripple; and particularly, to roll over at the summit; as a curling wave.

3. To rise in a winding current, and to roll over at the ends; as curling smoke.

4. To writhe; to twist itself.

Then round her slender waist he curled.

5. To shrink; to shrink back; to bend and sink. He curled down into a corner.

CURL, noun

1. A ringlet of hair, or any thing of a like form.

2. Undulation; a waving; sinuosity; flexure.

3. A winding int he grain of wood.

Curled

CURLED, participle passive Turned or formed into ringlets; crisped; twisted; undulated.

Curlew

CURLEW, noun

1. An aquatic fowl of the genus Scolopax and the grallic order. It has a long bill; its color is diversified with ash and black; and the largest species spread more than three feet of wing. It frequents the sea shore in winter, and in summer, retires to the mountains.

2. A fowl, larger than a partridge, with longer legs, which frequents the corn-fields in Spain.

Curliness

CURLINESS, noun A state of being curly.

Curling

CURLING, participle present tense Bending; twisting; forming into ringlets.

Curling-Irons

CURLING-IRONS, CURLING-TONGS, noun An instrument for curling the hair.

Curling-Tongs

CURLING-IRONS, CURLING-TONGS noun An instrument for curling the hair.

Curly

CURLY, adjective Having curls; tending to curl; full of ripples.

Curmudgeon

CURMUDGEON, noun An avaricious churlish fellow; a miser; a niggard; a churl.

Curmudgeonly

CURMUDGEONLY, adjective Avaricious; covetous; niggardly; churlish.

Currant

CURRANT, noun [from Corinth.]

1. The fruit of a well known shrub belonging to the genus Ribes, of which Grossularia is now considered a species; the grossberry or gooseberry and the currant falling under the same genus. Currants are of various species and varieties; as the common red and white currants, and the black currant

2. A small kind of dried grape, imported from the Levant, chiefly from Zante and Cephalonia; used in cookery.