Circumlocution – Claustral

Circumlocution

CIRCUMLOCUTION, noun A circuit or compass of words; a periphrase; the use of a number of words to express an idea, when a suitable term is not at hand, or when a speaker chooses to avoid the use of a single term, either from delicacy or respect, or with a view to soften the force of a direct expression, or for other reason.

Circumlocutory

CIRCUMLOCUTORY, adjective Pertaining to circumlocution; consisting or contained in a compass of words; periphrastic.

Circummured

CIRCUMMURED, adjective Walled round; encompassed with a wall.

Circumnavigable

CIRCUMNAVIGABLE, adjective [See Circumnavigate.] That may be sailed round.

Circumnavigate

CIRCUMNAVIGATE, verb transitive To sail round; to pass round by water; as, to circumnavigate the globe.

Circumnavigation

CIRCUMNAVIGATION, noun The act of sailing round.

Circumnavigator

CIRCUMNAVIGATOR, noun One who sails round.

Circumplication

CIRCUMPLICATION, noun A folding, winding or wrapping round; or a state of being enwrapped.

Circumpolar

CIRCUMPOLAR, adjective About the pole; an appellation given to stars, which are so near the north pole, as to revolve round it without setting. The number of these depends on the latitude of the spectator. We apply it to the north polar region and stars, but the word is applicable to either pole.

Circumposition

CIRCUMPOSITION, noun s as z. The act of placing in a circle; or the state of being so placed.

Circumrasion

CIRCUMRASION, noun s as z. The act of shaving or paring round.

Circumrotary

CIRCUMROTARY, adjective Turning, rolling or whirling round.

Circumrotation

CIRCUMROTATION, noun The act of rolling or revolving round, as a wheel; circumvolution; the state of being whirled round.

Circumscribe

CIRCUMSCRIBE, verb transitive

1. To inclose within a certain limit; to limit, bound, confine.

You are above the little forms which circumscribe your sex.

2. To write round.

Circumscribed

CIRCUMSCRIBED, participle passive Drawn round as a line; limited; confined.

In geometry, this word is applied to a figure which is drawn round another figure, so that all its sides or planes touch the inscribed figure.

Circumscribing

CIRCUMSCRIBING, participle present tense Drawing a line round; inclosing; limiting; confining.

Circumscriptible

CIRCUMSCRIPTIBLE, adjective That may be circumscribed or limited by bounds.

Circumscription

CIRCUMSCRIPTION, noun

1. The line that limits; limitation; bound; confinement.

2. In natural philosophy, the termination or limits of a body; the exterior line which determines the form or magnitude of a body.

3. A circular inscription.

Circumscriptive

CIRCUMSCRIPTIVE, adjective Defining the external form; marking or inclosing the limits or superficies of a body.

Circumscriptively

CIRCUMSCRIPTIVELY, adverb In a limited manner.

Circumspect

CIRCUMSPECT, adjective Literally, looking on all sides; looking round. Hence,

Cautious; prudent; watchful on all sides; examining carefully all the circumstances that may affect a determination, or a measure to be adopted.

Circumspection

CIRCUMSPECTION, noun Caution; attention to all the facts and circumstances of a case, and to the natural or probable consequences of a measure, with a view to a correct course of conduct, or to avoid danger.

Circumspective

CIRCUMSPECTIVE, adjective Looking round every way; cautious; careful of consequences; watchful of danger.

Circumspectively

CIRCUMSPECTIVELY, adverb Cautiously; vigilantly; heedfully; with watchfulness to guard against danger.

Circumspectly

CIRCUMSPECTLY, adverb Cautiously; with watchfulness every way; with attention to guard against surprise or danger.

Circumspectness

CIRCUMSPECTNESS, noun Caution; circumspection; vigilance in guarding against evil from every quarter.

Circumstance

CIRCUMSTANCE, noun

1. Something attending, appendant, or relative to a fact, or case; a particular thing, which, though not essential to an action, in some way affects it; the same to a moral action, as accident to a natural substance; as, the circumstances of time, place and persons, are to be considered.

2. The adjuncts of a fact, which make it more or less criminal, or make an accusation more or less probable; accident; something adventitious; incident; event.

3. Circumstances, in the plural, condition, in regard to worldly estate; state of property; as a man in low circumstances, or in easy circumstances.

Circumstanced

CIRCUMSTANCED, participle passive or adjective Placed in a particular manner, with regard to attending facts or incidents; as, circumstanced as we were, we could not escape.

Circumstant

CIRCUMSTANT, adjective Surrounding.

Circumstantial

CIRCUMSTANTIAL, adjective

1. Attending; relating to; but not essential.

2. Consisting in or pertaining to circumstances, or to particular incidents.

3. Incidental; casual.

4. Abounding with circumstances, or exhibiting all the circumstances; minute; particular; as a circumstantial account or recital.

5. In law, circumstantial evidence is that which is obtained from circumstances, which necessarily or usually attend facts of a particular nature, from which arises presumption.

CIRCUMSTANTIAL, noun Circumstantials, in the plural, are things incident to the main subject, but of less importance; opposed to essentials; as the circumstantials of religion.

Circumstantiality

CIRCUMSTANTIALITY, noun

1. The appendage of circumstances; the state of any thing as modified by circumstances.

2. Particularity in exhibiting circumstances; minuteness; as the circumstantiality of a story or description.

Circumstantially

CIRCUMSTANTIALLY, adverb

1. According to circumstances; not essentially; accidentally.

2. Minutely; exactly; in every circumstance of particular.

Circumstantiate

CIRCUMSTANTIATE, verb transitive

1. To place in particular circumstances; to invest with particular accidents or adjuncts.

2. To place in a particular condition with regard to power or wealth.

Circumterraneous

CIRCUMTERRANEOUS, adjective Around the earth.

Circumvallate

CIRCUMVALLATE, verb transitive To surround with a rampart.

Circumvallation

CIRCUMVALLATION, noun

1. In the art of war, a surrounding with a wall or rampart; also, a wall, rampart, or parapet with a trench, surrounding the camp of a besieging army, to prevent desertion, and guard the army against any attempt of an enemy to relieve the place besieged.

2. The rampart, or fortification surrounding a besieged place.

[Note. This word, from the Latin, vallo, or vallum, vallus, denotes properly the wall or rampart thrown up; but as the rampart is formed by entrenching, and the trench makes a part of the fortification, the word is applied to both. See Eng. Wall.]

Circumvection

CIRCUMVECTION, noun A carrying about.

Circumvent

CIRCUMVENT, verb transitive Literally, to come round; hence,

To gain advantage over another, or to accomplish a purpose, by arts, stratagem, or deception; to deceive; to prevail over another by wiles or fraud; to delude; to impose on.

Circumvented

CIRCUMVENTED, participle passive Deceived by craft or stratagem; deluded.

Circumventing

CIRCUMVENTING, participle present tense Deceiving; imposing on.

Circumvention

CIRCUMVENTION, noun

1. The act of prevailing over another by arts, address, or fraud; deception; fraud; imposture; delusion.

2. Prevention; preoccupation.

Circumventive

CIRCUMVENTIVE, adjective Deceiving by artifices; deluding.

Circumvest

CIRCUMVEST, verb transitive To cover round, as with a garment.

Circumvolation

CIRCUMVOLATION, noun The act of flying round.

Circumvolution

CIRCUMVOLUTION, noun

1. The act of rolling round; the state of being rolled; also the thing rolled round another.

2. In architecture, the torus of the spiral line of the Ionic order.

Circumvolve

CIRCUMVOLVE, verb transitive To roll round; to cause to revolve; to put into a circular motion.

CIRCUMVOLVE, verb intransitive To roll round; to revolve.

Circumvolved

CIRCUMVOLVED, participle passive Rolled round; moved in a circular manner.

Circumvolving

CIRCUMVOLVING, participle present tense Rolling round; revolving.

Circus

CIRCUS, noun

1. In antiquity, a round or oval edifice, used for the exhibition of games and shows to the people. The Roman circus was encompassed with porticos, and furnished with rows of seats, rising one above another for the accommodation of spectators. The circus Maximus was nearly a mile in circumference.

2. The open area, or space inclosed, in which were exhibited games and shows; as wrestling, fighting with swords, staves or pikes, running or racing, dancing, quoits, etc.

3. In modern times, a circular inclosure for the exhibition of feats of horsemanship.

Cirl

CIRL, noun An Italian bird about the size of a sparrow.

Cirriferous

CIRRIFEROUS, adjective Producing tendrils or claspers, as a plant.

Cirrous

CIRROUS, adjective Terminating in a cirrus, curl or tendril; as a cirrous leaf.

Cisalpine

CISALPINE, adjective On this side of the Alps, with regard to Rome; that is, on the south of the Alps; opposed to transalpine.

Cispadane

CISPADANE, adjective On this side of the Po, with regard to Rome; that is, on the south side.

Cissoid

CISSOID, noun A curve of the second order, invented by Diocles.

Cist

CIST, noun A case. [See Cyst, the proper orthography.]

Cisted

CISTED, adjective Inclosed in a cyst. [See Cyst.]

Cistercian

CISTERCIAN, noun A monk, a reformed Benedictine.

Cistern

CISTERN, noun

1. An artificial reservoir or receptacle for holding water, beer or other liquor, as in domestic uses, distilleries, and breweries.

2. A natural reservoir; a hollow place containing water; as a fountain or lake.

Cistic

CISTIC, adjective [See Cystic.]

Cistus

CISTUS, noun The rock-rose, a genus of plants of many species, most of them natives of the southern parts of Europe. Some of them are beautiful evergreen flowering shrubs, and ornamental in gardens.

Cit

CIT, noun [contracted from citizen.] A citizen, in a low sense; an inhabitant of a city; a pert townsman; a pragmatical trader.

Citadel

CITADEL, noun A fortress or castle, in or near a city, intended for its defense; a place of arms.

Cital

CITAL, noun

1. Reproof; impeachment.

2. Summons; citation; quotation.

Citation

CITATION, noun

1. A summons; an official call or notice, given to a person, to appear in a court, and answer to a demand; a call or notice to appear, in various other cases, and the paper containing such notice or call.

2. Quotation; the act of citing a passage from a book; or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage or words quoted.

3. Enumeration; mention.

Citatory

CITATORY, adjective Citing; calling; having the power or form of citation; as, letters citatory

Cite

CITE, verb transitive

1. To call upon officially, or authoritatively; to summon; to give legal or official notice, as to a defendant to appear in court, to answer or defend.

2. To enjoin; to direct; to summon; to order or urge.

3. To quote; to name or repeat, as a passage or the words of another, either from a book or from verbal communication; as, to cite a passage from scripture, or to cite the very words a man utters.

4. To call or name, in support, proof or confirmation; as, to cite an authority to prove a point in law.

Citer

CITER, noun

1. One who cites or summons into court.

2. One who quotes a passage or the words of another.

Citess

CITESS, noun [See Cit.] A city woman.

Citharistic

CITHARISTIC, adjective Pertaining to or adapted to the harp; or appropriated to the accompaniment of the harp.

Cithern

CITHERN, noun A stringed musical instrument, among the ancients, the precise form of which is not known, but it bore some resemblance to the modern guitar, the name of which is evidently from this ancient word.

Citicism

CITICISM, noun [from cit.] The manners of a cit or citizen.

Citied

CITIED, adjective Belonging to a city.

Citisin

CITISIN, noun A substance of a yellow color, obtained from the seeds of the Cytisus Laburnum.

Citizen

CITIZEN, noun

1. The native of a city, or an inhabitant who enjoys the freedom and privileges of the city in which he resides; the freeman of a city, as distinguished from a foreigner, or one not entitled to its franchises.

2. A townsman; a man of trade; not a gentleman.

3. An inhabitant; a dweller in any city, town or place.

4. In general sense, a native or permanent resident in a city or country; as the citizens of London or Philadelphia; the citizens of the United States.

5. In the United States, a person, native or naturalized, who has the privilege of exercising the elective franchise, or the qualifications which enable him to vote for rulers, and to purchase and hold real estate.

If the citizens of the United States should not be free and happy, the fault will be entirely their own.

CITIZEN, adjective Having the qualities of a citizen

Citizenize

CITIZENIZE, verb transitive To make a citizen; to admit to the rights and privileges of a citizen.

Talleyrand was citizenized in Pennsylvania, when there in the form of an emigrant.

Citizenship

CITIZENSHIP, noun The state of being vested with the rights and privileges of a citizen.

Citrate

CITRATE, noun In Chimistry, a neutral salt, formed by a union of the citric acid, or acid of lemons, with a base,

The onion yields citrate of lime.

Citric

CITRIC, adjective Belonging to lemons or limes; as citric acid.

Citril

CITRIL, noun A beautiful song bird of Italy.

Citrination

CITRINATION, noun [See Citrine.] The turning to a yellow green color.

Citrine

CITRINE, adjective Like a citron or lemon; of a lemon color; yellow, or greenish yellow.

CITRINE, noun A species of very fine sprig crystal, of a beautiful yellow color, found in columns, and terminating in a hexangular pyramid.

Citron

CITRON, noun The fruit of the citron tree, a large species of lemon.

Citron-Tree

CITRON-TREE, noun The tree which produces the citron, of the genus Citrus. It has an upright smooth stem, with a branchy head, rising from five to fifteen feet, adorned with large, oval, spear-shaped leaves. To the same genus belong the lemon-tree, orange-tree, etc.

Citron-Water

CITRON-WATER, noun A liquor distilled with the rind of citrons.

Citrul

CITRUL, noun The pompion or pumpkin, so named from its yellow color.

City

CITY, noun

1. In a general sense, a large town; a large number of houses and inhabitants, established in one place.

2. In a more appropriate sense, a corporate town; a town or collective body of inhabitants, incorporated and governed by particular officers, as a mayor and aldermen. This is the sense of the word in the United States. In Great Britain, a city is said to be a town corporate that has a bishop and a cathedral church; but this is not always the fact.

3. The collective body of citizens, or the inhabitants of a city; as when we say, the city voted to establish a market, and the city repealed the vote.

CITY, adjective Pertaining to a city; as city wives; a city feast; city manners.

City-Court

CITY-COURT, noun The municipal court of a city, consisting of the mayor or recorder and aldermen.

Cives

CIVES, noun A species of leek, of the genus Allium.

Civet

CIVET, noun A substance, of the consistence of butter or honey, taken from a bag under the tail of the civet-cat. It is of a clear, yellowish, or brownish color; of a strong smell, and offensive when undiluted, but agreeable when a small portion is mixed with another substance. It is used as a perfume.

Civet-Cat

CIVET-CAT, noun The animal that produces civet, a species of Viverra. This animal bears a resemblance to a cat or to a fox; it is of a cinereous color, tinged with yellow, marked with dusky spots disposed in rows. It inhabits India, Guinea, Ethiopia, and Madagascar.

Civic

CIVIC, adjective Literally, pertaining to a city or citizen; relating to civil affairs or honors. The civic crown, in roman affairs, was a crown or garland of oak boughs, bestowed on a soldier who had saved the life of a citizen in battle.

Civil

CIVIL, adjective

1. Relating to the community, or to the policy and government of the citizens and subjects of a state; as in the phrases, civil rights, civil government, civil privileges, civil war, civil justice. It is opposed to criminal; as a civil suit, a suit between citizens alone; whereas a criminal process is between the state and a citizen. It is distinguished from ecclesiastical, which respects the church; and from military, which respects the army and navy.

2. Relating to any man as a member of a community; as civil power, civil rights, the power or rights which a man enjoys as a citizen.

3. Reduced to order, rule and government; under a regular administration; implying some refinement of manners; not savage or wild; as civil life; civil society.

4. Civilized; courteous; complaisant; gentle and obliging; well-bred; affable; kind; having the manners of a city, as opposed to the rough, rude, coarse manners of a savage or clown.

Where civil speech and soft persuasion hung.

5. Grave; sober; not gay or showy.

Till civil suited morn appear.

6. Compaisant; polite; a popular colloquial use of the word.

7. civil death, in law, is that which cuts off a man from civil society, or its rights and benefits, as banishment, outlawry, excommunication, entering into a monastery, etc., as distinguished from natural death.

8. civil law, in a general sense, the law of a state, city or country; but in an appropriate sense, the Roman empire, comprised in the Institutes, Code and Digest of Justinian and the Novel Constitutions.

9. civil list, the officers of civil government, who are paid from the public treasury; also, the revenue appropriated to support the civil government.

The army of James II was paid out of his civil list.

10. civil state, the whole body of the laity or citizens, not included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical states.

11. civil war, a war between people of the same state or city; opposed to foreign war.

12. civil year, the legal year, or annual account of time which a government appoints to be used in its own dominions, as distinguished from the natural year, which is measured by the revolution of the heavenly bodies.

13. civil architecture, the architecture which is employed in constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in distinction from military and naval architecture; as private houses, palaces, churches, etc.

Civilian

CIVILIAN, noun [from civil.]

1. One who is skilled in the Roman law; a professor or doctor of civil law.

2. In a more extended sense, one who is versed in law and government.

3. A student of the civil law at the university.

Civilist

CIVILIST, noun A civilian.

Civility

CIVILITY, noun

1. The state of being civilized; refinement of manners; applied to nations; as distinguished from the rudeness of barbarous nations.

2. Good breeding; politeness; complaisance; courtesy; decorum of behavior in the treatment of others, accompanied with kind offices, and attention to their wants and desires. civility respects manners or external deportment, and in the plural, civilities denote acts of politeness.

Civilization

CIVILIZATION, noun [See Civilize.]

1. The act of civilizing, or the state of being civilized; the state of being refined in manners, from the grossness of savage life and improved in arts and learning.

2. The act of rendering a criminal process civil.

Civilize

CIVILIZE, verb transitive To reclaim from a savage state; to introduce civility of manners among a people, and instruct them in the arts of regular life.

Civilized

CIVILIZED, participle passive Reclaimed from savage life and manners; instructed in arts, learning and civil manners.

Such sale of conscience and duty in open market is not reconcilable with the present state of civilized society.

Civilizer

CIVILIZER, noun

1. One who civilizes; he that reclaims others from a wild and savage life, and teaches them the rules and customs of civility.

2. That which reclaims from savageness.

Civilizing

CIVILIZING, participle present tense Reclaiming from savage life; instructing in arts and civility of manners.

Civilly

CIVILLY, adverb

1. In a manner relating to government, or to the rights or character of a member of the community.

2. In a manner relating to private rights; opposed to criminally; as a process civilly commenced for the private satisfaction of a party injured.

3. Not naturally, but in law; as a man civilly dead.

4. Politely; complaisantly; gently; with due decorum; courteously; as, we were civilly treated.

5. Without gaudy colors, or finery; as chambers furnished civilly

Civism

CIVISM, noun Love of country; patriotism.

Cizar

CIZAR, verb transitive To clip with scissors.

Cize

CIZE, for size, is not in use.

Clabber

CLABBER or BONNY-CLABBER, noun Milk turned, become thick or inspissated.

Clack

CLACK, verb intransitive

1. To make a sudden sharp noise, as by striking or cracking; to clink; to click.

2. To utter words rapidly and continually, or with sharp, abrupt sounds; to let the tongue run.

CLACK, noun

1. A sharp, abrupt sound continually repeated, such as is made by striking an object, or by bursting or cracking; continually talk; as, we do not wish to hear his clack; a common expression. Hence the word is used for the tongue, the instrument of clacking.

2. The instrument that strikes the hopper of a grist-mill, to move or shake it, for discharging the corn. And according to Johnson, a bell that rings when more corn is required to be put in.

To clack wool, is to cut off the sheeps mark, which makes it weigh less, and yield less duty.

Clacker

CLACKER, noun One that clacks; that which clacks.

Clacking

CLACKING, participle present tense Making a sharp, abrupt sound, continually repeated; talking continually; tattling; rattling with the tongue.

CLACKING, noun A prating.

Clad

CLAD, participle passive [See Clothe.] Clothed; invested; covered as with a garment.

Jeroboam had clad himself with a new garment. 1 Kings 11:29.

The fields are clad in cheerful green.

Clagulating

CLAGULATING, participle present tense Curdling; congealing.

Claim

CLAIM, verb transitive

1. To call for; to ask or seek to obtain, by virtue of authority, right or supposed right; to challenge as a right; to demand as due; as, to claim a debt; to claim obedience, or respect.

2. To assert, or maintain as a right; as, he claims to be the best poet of the age.

3. To have a right or title to; as, the heir claims the estate by descent; he claims a promise.

4. To proclaim.

5. To call or name.

CLAIM, noun

1. A demand of a right or supposed right; a calling on another for something due, or supposed to be due; as a claim of wages for services. A claim implies a right or supposed right in the claimant to something which is in anothers possession or power. A claim may be made in words, by suit, and by other means. The word is usually preceded by make or lay; to make claim; to lay claim

2. A right to claim or demand; a title to any debt, privilege or other thing in possession of another; as, a prince has a claim to the throne.

Homers claims to the first rank among Epic poets have rarely been disputed.

3. The thing claimed, or demanded.

4. A loud call.

Claimable

CLAIMABLE, adjective That may be demanded as due.

Claimant

CLAIMANT, noun

1. A person who claims; one who demands any thing as his right.

2. A person who has a right to claim, or demand.

Claimed

CLAIMED, participle passive Demanded as due; challenged as a right; asserted; maintained.

Claimer

CLAIMER, noun A claimant; one who demands as due.

Claiming

CLAIMING, participle present tense Demanding as due; challenging as a right; asserting; maintaining; having a right to demand.

Clair-Obscure

CLAIR-OBSCURE. [See Clare-obscure.]

Clam

CLAM, noun [See the Verb.] The popular name of certain bivalvular shell-fish, of many species.

Clam-Shell

CLAM-SHELL, noun The shell of a clam.

CLAM, verb transitive To clog with glutinous or viscous matter.

CLAM, verb intransitive To be moist.

Clamant

CLAMANT, [See Claim.] Crying, beseeching.

Clamber

CLAMBER, verb intransitive [from climb, or D. Klampen, to grapple.] To climb with difficulty, or with hands and feet.

Clambering

CLAMBERING, participle present tense Climbing with effort and labor.

Clamminess

CLAMMINESS, noun [See Clammy.] The state of being viscous; viscosity; stickiness; tenacity of a soft substance.

Clammy

CLAMMY, adjective [See Clam.] Thick, viscous, adhesive; soft and sticky; glutinous; tenacious; as, bodies clammy and cleaving.

Cold sweat, in clammy drops, his limbs oer-spread.

Clamor

CLAMOR, noun

1. A great outcry; noise; exclamation; vociferation, made by a loud human voice continued or repeated, or by a multitude of voices. It often expresses complaint and urgent demand.

2. Figuratively, loud and continued noise, as of a river or other inanimate things.

CLAMOR, verb transitive To stun with noise.

To clamor bells, is to multiply the strokes.

CLAMOR, verb intransitive To utter loud sounds, or outcries; to talk loud; to utter loud voices repeatedly; to vociferate, as an individual; to utter loud voices, as a multitude; to complain; to make importunate demands.

Those who most loudly clamor for liberty do not most liberally grant it.

Glamor your tongues in Shakespeare, if intended to mean, stop from noise, is not English. Perhaps the word was clam, or intended for a derivative.

Clamorer

CLAMORER, noun One who clamors.

Clamoring

CLAMORING, participle present tense Uttering and repeating loud words; making a great and continued noise; particularly in complaint or importunate demands.

Clamorous

CLAMOROUS, adjective Speaking and repeating loud words; noisy; vociferous; loud; turbulent.

Clamorously

CLAMOROUSLY, adverb With loud noise, or words.

Clamorousness

CLAMOROUSNESS, noun The state or quality of being loud or noisy.

Clamp

CLAMP, noun

1. In general, something that fastens or binds; a piece of timber or of iron, used to fasten work together; or a particular manner of uniting work by letting boards into each other.

2. In ship-building, a thick plank on the inner part of a ships side, used to sustain the ends of the beams.

3. A smooth crooked plate of iron forelocked on the trunnions of a cannon to keep it fast to the carriage. Clamps are also used to strengthen masts, and to fasten the masts and bowsprits of small vessels and of boats.

4. A pile of bricks laid up for burning, in which the end of one brick is laid over another, and a space is left between the bricks for the fire to ascend.

CLAMP-irons, irons used at the ends of fires to keep the fuel from falling.

CLAMP-nails, nails used to fasten on clamps in ships.

CLAMP, verb transitive

1. To fasten with clamps.

2. In joinery, to fit a piece of board with the grain, to the end of another piece of board across the grain; as, to clamp a table to prevent its warping.

Clamped

CLAMPED, participle passive United or strengthened with a clamp.

Clamping

CLAMPING, participle present tense Fastening or strengthening with a clamp.

Clan

CLAN, noun

1. A race; a family; a tribe. Hence, an association of persons under a chieftain.

2. In contempt, a sect, society, or body of persons closely united by some common interest or pursuit.

Note. In Russ. Kolieno signifies a knee, and a family, race or tribe. Irish glun, the knee, and a generation.

Clancular

CLANCULAR, adjective Clandestine; secret; private; concealed.

Clancularly

CLANCULARLY, adverb Privately; secretly.

Clandestine

CLANDESTINE, adjective Secret; private; hidden; withdrawn from public view. It often bears an ill sense, as implying craft or deception, or evil design.

Clandestinely

CLANDESTINELY, adverb Secretly; privately; in secret.

Clandestineness

CLANDESTINENESS, noun Secrecy; a state of concealment.

Clang

CLANG, verb transitive To make a sharp, shrill sound, as by striking metallic substances; or to strike with a sharp sound.

They clanged their sounding arms.

CLANG, noun A sharp, shrill sound, made by striking together metallic substances, or sonorous bodies, as the clang of arms; or any like sound, as the clang of trumpets. This word implies a degree of harshness in the sound, or more harshness than clink.

Clangor

CLANGOR, noun A sharp, shrill, harsh sound. [See Clang.]

Clangorous

CLANGOROUS, adjective Sharp, or harsh in sound.

Clangous

CLANGOUS, adjective Making a clang, or a shrill, or harsh sound.

Clanish

CLANISH, adjective Closely united, like a clan; disposed to adhere closely, as the members of a clan.

Clanishness

CLANISHNESS, noun Close adherence or disposition to unite, as a clan.

Clank

CLANK, n [See Clang.] The loud, shrill, sharp sound, made by a collision of metallic or other sonorous bodies.

CLANK, verb transitive To make a sharp, shrill sound; to strike with a sharp sound; as, the prisoners clank their chains.

Clanship

CLANSHIP, noun A state of union, as in a family, or clan; an association under a chieftain.

Clap

CLAP, verb transitive

1. To strike with a quick motion, so as to make a noise by the collision; to strike with something broad, or having a flat surface; as, to clap the hands; to clap the wings.

2. To thrust or drive together; to shut hastily; followed by to; as, to clap to the door or gate.

3. To thrust or drive together; to put one thing to another by a hasty or sudden motion; followed by to, on or in; as, to clap the hand to the mouth; to clap spurs to a horse; to clap on a saddle.

4. To thrust; to put, place or send; followed by in, into, under, over, etc.; as, to clap one under the hatches; to clap one into Bedlam; to clap a board over a pit.

5. To applaud; to manifest approbation or praise by striking the hands together; as, to clap a performance on the stage.

6. To infect with venereal poison.

To clap up, to make or complete hastily; as, to clap up a peace.

To imprison hastily, or with little delay.

CLAP, verb intransitive

1. To move or drive together suddenly with noise.

The doors around me clapt.

2. To enter on with alacrity and briskness; to drive or thrust on; as we say to reapers or mowers, clap in, or clap to, that is, enter on the work, begin without delay, begin briskly.

3. To strike the hands together in applause.

Bid them clap

CLAP, noun

1. A driving together; a thrust and collision of bodies with noise, usually bodies with broad surfaces.

Give the door a clap

2. A sudden act or motion; a thrust.

Pay all debts at one clap

3. A burst of sound; a sudden explosion; as a clap of thunder.

4. An act of applause; a striking of hands to express approbation.

5. A venereal infection.

6. With falconers, the nether part of the beak of a hawk.

Clap-Board

CLAP-BOARD, noun A thin narrow board for covering houses. In England, according to Bailey, a clapboard is also what in America is called a stave for casks.

Clap-Dish

CLAP-DISH, noun A wooden bowl or dish.

Clap-Doctor

CLAP-DOCTOR, noun One who is skilled in healing the clap.

Clap-Net

CLAP-NET, noun A net for taking larks, united with a looking glass.

Clapped

CLAPPED, participle passive Thrust or put on or together; applauded by striking the hands together; infected with the venereal disease.

Clapper

CLAPPER, noun

1. A person who claps, or applauds by clapping.

2. That which strikes, as the tongue of a bell, or the piece of wood that strikes a mill-hopper.

Clapper-Claw

CLAPPER-CLAW, verb transitive [slap and claw.] To scold; to abuse with the tongue; to revile.

Clapping

CLAPPING, participle present tense Driving or putting on, in, over, or under, by a sudden motion; striking the hands together.

Clare

CLARE, noun A nun of the order of St. clare

Clare-Obscure

CLARE-OBSCURE, noun Light and shade in painting; or the particular distribution of the lights and shades of a piece, with respect to the ease of the eye and the effect of the whole piece; also, a design of two colors.

Clarenceux

CLARENCEUX,

CLARENCIEUX, noun In Great Britain, the second king at arms, so called from the duke of Clarence, and appointed by Edward IV. His office is to marshal and dispose the funerals of all baronets, knights and esquires, on the south of the river Trent.

Clarencieux

CLARENCIEUX, n. In Great Britain, the second king at arms, so called from the duke of Clarence, and appointed by Edward IV. His office is to marshal and dispose the funerals of all baronets, knights and esquires, on the south of the river Trent.

Claret

CLARET, noun A species of French wine, of a clear pale red color.

Clarichord

CLARICHORD, noun A musical instrument in form of a spinet, called also manichord. It has forty nine or fifty stops or keys, and seventy strings; some of the latter being in unison. There are several little mortises for passing the jacks, armed with brass hooks, which stop and raise the chords, instead of the feather used in virginals and spinets. The chords are covered with pieces of cloth, which deaden the sound and render it sweeter. Hence it is particularly used by nuns.

Clarification

CLARIFICATION, noun [See Clarify.] The act of clearing; particularly the clearing or fining of liquid substances from all feculent matter.

Clarified

CLARIFIED, participle passive Purified; made clear or fine; defecated.

Clarifier

CLARIFIER, noun

1. That which clarifies or purifies; as, whites of eggs, blood and isinglass are clarifiers of liquors.

2. A vessel in which liquor is clarified.

Clarify

CLARIFY, verb transitive

1. To make clear; to purify from feculent matter; to defecate; to fine; applied particularly to liquors; as, to clarify wine, or syrup.

2. To make clear; to brighten or illuminate; applied to the mind or reason.

CLARIFY, verb intransitive

1. To clear up; to grow clear or bright.

His understanding clarifies, in discoursing with another.

2. To grow or become clear or fine; to become pure, as liquors. Cider clarifies by fermentation.

Clarifying

CLARIFYING, participle present tense Making clear, pure or bright; defecating; growing clear.

Clarinet

CLARINET, noun A wind instrument of music.

Clarion

CLARION, noun A kind of trumpet, whose tube is narrower and its tone more acute and shrill than that of the common trumpet.

Claritude

CLARITUDE, noun Clearness, brightness; splendor.

Clary

CLARY, verb intransitive To make a loud or shrill noise.

CLARY, noun A plant of the genus Salvia, or sage.

Clary-Water

CLARY-WATER, noun A composition of brandy, sugar, clary-glowers, and cinnamon, with a little ambergris dissolved in it. It is a cardiac and helps digestion.

Clash

CLASH, verb intransitive

1. To strike against; to drive against with force.

Note. The sense of this word is simply to strike against or meet with force; but when two sounding bodies strike together, the effect is a sound. Hence the word often implies, to strike with a noise, as clashing arms.

2. To meet in opposition; to be contrary; to act in a contrary direction; to interfere, as opposing persons, minds, views, interests, etc.; as, the opinions of men clash; clashing interests.

Independent jurisdictions--could not fail to clash

CLASH, verb transitive To strike one thing against another, with sound.

CLASH, noun

1. A meeting of bodies with violence; a striking together with noise; collision, or noisy collision of bodies; as the clash of arms.

2. Opposition; contradiction; as between differing or contending interests, views, purposes, etc.

Clashing

CLASHING, participle present tense Striking against with noise; meeting in opposition; opposing; interfering.

CLASHING, noun A striking against; collision of bodies; opposition.

Clasp

CLASP, noun

1. A hook for fastening; a catch; a small hook to hold together the covers of a book, or the different parts of a garment, of a belt, etc.

2. A close embrace; a throwing of the arms round.

CLASP, verb transitive

1. To shut or fasten together with a clasp

2. To catch and hold by twining; to surround and cling to; as the clasping ivy.

3. To inclose and hold in the hand; or simply to inclose or encompass with the fingers.

4. To embrace closely; to throw the arms round; to catch with the arms.

5. To inclose, and press.

Clasp-Knife

CLASP-KNIFE, noun A knife which folds into the handle.

Clasped

CLASPED, participle passive Fastened with a clasp; shut; embraced; inclosed; encompassed; caught.

Clasper

CLASPER, noun He or that which clasps; usually the tendril of a vine or other plant, which twines round something for support.

Claspered

CLASPERED, adjective Furnished with tendrils.

Clasping

CLASPING, participle present tense

1. Twining round; catching and holding; embracing; inclosing; shutting or fastening with a clasp.

2. In botany, surrounding the stem at the base, as a leaf.

Class

CLASS, noun

1. An order or rank of persons; a number of persons in society, supposed to have some resemblance or equality, in rank, education, property, talents, and the like; as in the phrase, all classes of men in society.

The readers of poetry may be distinguished into three classes, according to their capacity of judging.

2. A number of students in a college or school, of the same standing, or pursuing the same studies. In colleges, the students entering or becoming members the same year, and pursuing the same studies. In academies and schools, the pupils who learn the same lesson, and recite together. In some cases, students of different standings, pursuing the same studies and reciting together, or attending the same professor, or the same course of lectures.

3. Scientific division or arrangement; a set of beings or things, having something in common, or ranged under a common denomination. Hence in zoology, animals are divided into classes; as quadrupeds, fowls, fishes, etc. So in botany, plants are arranged in classes. Classes are natural or artificial; natural, when founded on natural relations, or resemblances; artificial, when formed arbitrarily, for want of a complete knowledge of natural relations.

CLASS, verb transitive

1. To arrange in a class or classes; to arrange in sets, or ranks, according to some method founded on natural distinctions; to place together, or in one division, men or things which have or are supposed to have something in common.

2. To place in ranks or divisions students that are pursuing the same studies; to form into a class or classes.

Classic

CLASSIC,

CLASSICAL, adjective

1. Relating to ancient Greek and Roman authors of the first rank or estimation, which, in modern times, have been and still are studied as the best models of fine writing. Thus, Aristotle, Plato, Demosthenes, Thucydides, etc., among the Greeks, and Cicero, Virgil, Livy, Sallust, Cesar, and Tacitus, among the Latins, are classical authors. Hence,

2. Pertaining to writers of the first rank among the moderns; being of the first order; constituting the best model or authority as an author; as, Addison and Johnson are English classical writers. Hence classical denotes pure, chaste, correct, refined; as a classical taste; a classical style.

At Liverpool, Roscoe is like Pompeys column at Alexandria, towering alone in classic dignity.

3. Denoting an order of presbyterian assemblies.

CLASSIC, noun

1. An author of the first rank; a writer whose style is pure, correct, and refined; primarily, a Greek or Roman author of this character; but the word is applied to writers of a like character in any nation.

2. A book written by an author of the first class.

Classically

CLASSICALLY, adverb

1. In the manner of classes; according to a regular order of classes, or sets.

It would be impossible to bear all its specific details in the memory, if they were not classically arranged.

2. In a classical manner; according to the manner of classical authors.

Classific

CLASSIFIC, adjective Constituting a class or classes; noting classification, or the order of distribution into sets.

Classification

CLASSIFICATION, noun [See Classify.] The act of forming into a class or classes; distribution into sets, sorts or ranks.

Classified

CLASSIFIED, participle passive Arranged in classes; formed into a class or classes.

Classify

CLASSIFY, verb transitive To make a class or classes; to distribute into classes; to arrange in sets according to some common properties or characters.

The diseases and casualties are not scientifically classified.

Classifying

CLASSIFYING, participle present tense Forming a class or classes; arranging in sorts or ranks.

Classis

CLASSIS, noun

1. Class; order; sort.

2. A convention or assembly.

Clatter

CLATTER, verb intransitive

1. To make rattling sounds; to make repeated sharp sounds, as by striking sonorous bodies; as, to clatter on a shield.

2. To utter continual or repeated sharp sounds, or rattling sounds, by being struck together; as clattering arms.

3. To talk fast and idly; to run on; to rattle with the tongue.

CLATTER, verb transitive

1. To strike and make a rattling noise.

You clatter still your brazen kettle.

2. To dispute, jar or clamor.

CLATTER, noun

1. A rapid succession of abrupt, sharp sounds, made by the collision of metallic or other sonorous bodies; rattling sounds.

2. Tumultuous and confused noise; a repetition of abrupt, sharp sounds.

Clatterer

CLATTERER, noun One who clatters; a babbler.

Clattering

CLATTERING, participle present tense Making or uttering sharp, abrupt sounds, as by a collision of sonorous bodies; talking fast with noise; rattling.

CLATTERING, noun A rattling noise.

Claudent

CLAUDENT, adjective Shutting; confining; drawing together; as a claudent muscle.

Claudicant

CLAUDICANT, adjective Halting; limping.

Claudicate

CLAUDICATE, verb intransitive To halt or limp.

Claudication

CLAUDICATION, noun A halting or limping.

Clause

CLAUSE, noun s as z. Literally, a close, or inclosure. Hence, that which is included, or contained, within certain limits.

1. In language or grammar, a member of a period or sentence; a subdivision of a sentence, in which the words are inseparably connected with each other in sense, and cannot, with propriety, be separated by a point; as, there is reason to think that he afterwards rose to favor, and obtained several honors civil and military. In this sentence are two clauses.

2. An article in a contract or other writing; a distinct part of a contract, will, agreement, charter, commission, or other writing; a distinct stipulation, condition, proviso, grant, covenant, etc.

Claustral

CLAUSTRAL, adjective [See Clause.] Relating to a cloister, or religious house; as a claustral prior.