Introductory Notes
Section XVI
Page 23 of 468
11142 Then answered certain of the scribes and Pharisees, that they might tempt him,2 and said, Teacher, we desire to see a sign from thee.1143 He answered and said, This evil and adulterous generation1144 seeketh a sign; and it shall not be given a sign,3 except the sign of Jonah the prophet.1145 And as Jonah was a sign to the inhabitants4 of Nineveh, so shall the Son of man also be to this generation.1146 And as Jonah was in the belly of the great fish three days and three nights, so shall the Son of man5 be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights.1147 The queen of the south shall rise in the judgement with the people of this generation, and condemn1148 them: for she came from the ends of the earth that she might hear the wisdom of Solomon;6 [Arabic, p. 62] and behold, here is a better than Solomon.1149 The men of Nineveh shall stand in the judgement with this generation, and condemn it: for they repented at7 the preaching of Jonah; and behold, here is a greater than Jonah.1150 The unclean spirit, when he goeth out of the man, departeth, and goeth about through places wherein are no waters, that he may find rest for himself; and when he findeth it not, he8 saith, I will return to my house whence I came out.1151 And if he come and find it9 adorned and set in order,1152 then he goeth, and associateth with himself seven other spirits worse than himself; and they enter and dwell in it: and the end of that man10 shall be worse than his beginning.1153 Thus shall it be unto this evil generation.
111154 And while he was saying that, a woman from the multitude lifted up her voice, and said unto him, Blessed is the womb that bare thee, and the breasts that nursed12 thee.1155 But he said unto her, Blessed is he that heareth the word of God, and keepeth it.
131156 And while he was speaking unto the multitude, there came unto him his mother14 and his brethren, and sought to speak with him;1157 and they were not able, because of15 the multitude; and they stood without and sent, calling him unto them.1158 A man said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren are standing without, and seek to16 speak with thee.1159 But he answered unto him that spake unto him, Who is my17 mother? and who are my brethren?1160 And he beckoned with his hand, stretching it out towards his disciples, and said, Behold, my mother! and behold, my brethren!181161 And every man that shall do the will of my Father which is in heaven is my brother, and my sister, and my mother.
191162 And after that, Jesus was going about in the cities and in the villages, and proclaiming [Arabic, p. 63] and preaching the kingdom of God, and his1163 twelve with him,201164 and the women which had been healed of diseases and of evil spirits, Mary21 that was called Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven devils,1165 and Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, who were ministering to them of their substance.
221166 And after that, Jesus went out of the house, and sat on the sea shore.1167 And there23 gathered unto him great multitudes. And when the press of the people was great upon him, he went up and sat in the boat; and all the multitude was standing on the24 shore of the sea.1168 And he spake to them much in parables, and said, The sower25 went forth to sow: and when he sowed,1169 some fell on the beaten highway; and it was26 trodden upon, and the birds ate it.1170 And other fell on the rocks: and some, where there was not much earth; and straightway it sprang up, because it had no depth in27 the earth:1171 and when the sun rose, it withered; and because it had no root, it dried28 up.1172 And some fell among thorns; and the thorns sprang up with it, and choked it;29 and it yielded no fruit.1173 And other fell into excellent and good1174 ground; and it came up, and grew, and brought forth fruit, some thirty, and some sixty, and some30 a hundred.1175 And when he said that, he cried, He that hath ears that hear, let him31 hear.1176 And when they were alone, his disciples came, and asked him, and said unto32 him, What is this parable? and why spakest thou unto them in parables?1177 He [Arabic, p. 64] answered and said unto them, Unto you is given the knowledge of the secrets of the kingdom of God; but it is not given unto them that are33 without.1178 He that hath shall be given unto, and there shall be added; and he that34 hath not, that which he hath shall be taken from him also.1179 For this cause therefore I speak unto them in parables; because they see, and see not; and hear, and hear35 not, nor understand.1180 And in them is being fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, who said,
Hearing they shall hear, and shall not understand;
And seeing they shall see, and shall not perceive:
361181 The heart of this people is waxed gross,
And their hearing with their ears is become heavy,
And they have closed their eyes;
Lest they should see with their eyes,
And hear with their ears,
And understand with their hearts,
And should return,
And I should heal them.
[37, 38]1182 But ye, blessed are your eyes, which see; and your ears, which hear.1183 Blessed39 are the eyes which see what ye see.1184 Verily I say unto you, Many of the prophets and the righteous longed to see what ye see, and saw not; and to hear what ye40 hear, and heard not.1185 When ye know not this parable, how shall ye know all parables? [41, 42]1186 Hear ye the parable of the sower.1187 The sower which sowed, sowed the word43 of God.1188 Every one who heareth the word of the kingdom, and understandeth it not, the evil one cometh and snatcheth away the word that hath been sown in his44 heart: and this is that which was sown on the middle of the highway.1189 But that which was sown on the rocks is he that heareth the word, and straightway receiveth [45, 46] [Arabic, p. 65] it with joy;1190 only, it hath no root in his soul, but his belief in it is for a time;1191 and whenever there is distress or persecution because of a1192 word, he47 stumbleth1193 quickly.1194 And that which was sown among the thorns is he that heareth the word;1195 and the care of this world, and the error of riches, and the rest of the48 other lusts enter, and choke the word, and it becometh without fruit.1196 And that which was sown in good ground is he that heareth my word in a pure and good heart, and understandeth it, and holdeth to it, and bringeth forth fruit with patience,1197 and produceth either a hundredfold or sixtyfold or thirty.
491198 And he said, So is the kingdom of God, like a man who casteth seed into the50 earth, and sleepeth and riseth by night and day,1199 and the seed groweth and cometh51 up, whence1200 he knoweth not.1201 And the earth bringeth it to the fruit; and first it52 will be blade, and after it ear, and at last perfect wheat in the ear:1202 and whenever the fruit ripeneth,1203 he bringeth immediately the sickle, for the harvest hath come.
Notes
- 1
Parechein mikropsuchian, perhaps "causes you ill-feeling." The translation of Serapion's letter with this note is taken from Mr. Armitage Robinson's edition of the gospel.
- 1142
.
- 2
This translation is based on that which I published in The Gospel and Apocalypse of Peter: Two Lectures, etc. (Camb., 1892). It is now carefully revised in accordance with the photographic facsimile. A corrected Greek text will be found in Dr. Swete's edition (1893).
- 1143
.
- 1144
See § 1, 49, note.
- 3
Par[alem]phthenai is perhaps supported by paralabontes, .
- 1145
.
- 4
I know no other instance of stauriskein.
- 1146
.
- 5
cf. , where Syr. Pesch. reads: "They say, These bodies shall not remain on the cross, because the sabbath dawneth."
- 1147
.
- 1148
See note to § 10, 13.
- 6
The text here is corrupt: for epesanto I have provisionally read epesan te.
- 1149
.
- 7
For autos horas we must read autes horas (cf. Clem., Hom., xx., 16); aute is the equivalent in later Greek literature of ekeine, as in the modern tongue (cf. Lc. x. 7, 21, and xii. 12; || ekeine, Mt., Mc.)
- 1150
.
- 8
I have ventured to substitute meta, "together with" (cf. ), for kata, "down upon." Dr. Swete, however, keeps kata, and interprets it as "against," i.e., to guard the sepulchre against.
- 1151
.
- 9
The form of the question in the Greek suggests a negative answer.
- 1152
.
- 10
[cf. John passim.]
- 1153
b.
- 11
[cf. .]
- 1154
.
- 12
[cf. ; .]
- 1155
.
- 13
[cf. .]
- 1156
a; a.
- 14
[cf. ; .]
- 1157
c; b.
- 15
[cf. .]
- 1158
; .
- 16
[cf. .]
- 1159
.
- 17
For further explanation of the method followed see 20.
- 1160
Matt. xxii. 49.
- 18
See notes to § 7, 47, and § 52, 36, of the present translation.
- 1161
.
- 19
See below, 12, (2).
- 1162
.
- 1163
The Arabic printed text gives no sense. A simple change in the diacritical points of one letter gives the reading of the Syriac versions, which is adopted here.
- 20
See also below, 6, and 20.
- 1164
.
- 21
Bibl. Or., i., 619.
- 1165
.
- 22
Mai, Vet. script. nova. collect., iv., 14.
- 1166
.
- 1167
.
- 23
cf. Zahn, Forschungen, i., 294 ff.
- 24
See below, § 7, 47, note, and § 52, 36, note.
- 1168
.
- 25
See below, § 28, 43, note.
- 1169
a; b.
- 26
See below, foot-notes, passim.
- 1170
.
- 27
The first leaf bears a more pretentious Latin inscription, quoted by Ciasca, p. vi.
- 1171
.
- 28
Can this be a misprint for 95?
- 1172
; b.
- 29
See below, 13.
- 1173
a; b.
- 1174
cf. Peshitta (against Cur. and Sin.).
- 30
He does not state, in so many words, that the list is absolutely exhaustive.
- 1175
c.
- 31
See, e.g., below, § 13, 42, note, and § 14, 43, note.
- 1176
; with additions from , and .
- 32
See the valuable article of Guidi, "Le traduzioni degli Evangelii in arabo e in etiopico" (Atti della R. Accademia dei Lincei; Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e filologiche. Serie Quarta, 1888, Parte Prima—Memorie, pp. 5-38). Some of his results are briefly stated in Scrivener, A Plain Introd. to the Crit. of the N.T., 4th ed., ii., 162.
- 1177
; .
- 33
cf.the foot-notes passim, e.g., § 13, 14, § 14, 24.
- 1178
.
- 34
See below, note to Subscription.
- 1179
.
- 35
See a glaring case in § 52, 11.
- 1180
.
- 36
The references to the readings of the Diatessaron in Ibn-at-Tayyib's own commentary on the gospels (see next note) are remarkably impersonal for one who had made or was to make a translation of it.
- 1181
.
- 1182
.
- 1183
b.
- 39
Prof. Gottheil, indeed, announced in 1892 in the Journal of Biblical Literature (vol. xi., pt. i., p. 71) that he had been privately informed of the existence of a complete copy of the Syriac Diatessaron. Unfortunately, however, as he has kindly informed me, he has reluctantly come to the conclusion that the ms. in question, which is not yet accessible, is "nothing more than the commentary of Ishodad" mentioned in the text. A similar rumor lately circulated probably originated simply in the pamphlet of Goussen mentioned in the next note. S. Bäumer, on the other hand, in his article, "Tatians Diatessaron, seine bisher. Lit. u. die Reconstruction des Textes nach einer neuentdeckten Handschrift" (Literarischer Handweiser, 1890, 153-169) which the present writer has not been able to see, perhaps refers simply to the Borgian ms.
- 1184
.
- 40
Attention was called to these by Profs. Isaac H. Hall and R. J. H. Gottheil (Journ. of Bibl. Lit., x., 153 ff.; xi., 68 ff.); then by Prof. J. R. Harris (Contemp. Rev., Aug., 1895, p. 271 ff., and, more fully, Fragments of the Com. of Ephr. Syr. on the Diatess., London, 1895) and by Goussen (Studia Theologica, fasc. i., Lips., 1895).
- 1185
b.
- 1186
.
- 1187
.
- 43
Bib. Or., ii., 159 f. Most of them are repeated again by Bar Hebræus (d. 1286), although some confusion is produced by his interweaving some phrases from Eusebius of Cæsarea. (Bib. Or., i., 57 f., and a longer quotation in English in Contemp. Rev., Aug., 1895, p. 274 f.)
- 1188
.
- 44
Lagarde's statement (Nachrichten von der Königl. Gesellsch. der Wiss., etc., zu Göttingen, 1891, No. 4, p. 153) that a ms. had been discovered, appears to have been unfounded. Prof. Rahlfs of Göttingen kindly tells me that he believes this is so.
- 1189
.
- 1190
a.
- 1191
b; c.
- 1192
See above, § 1, 40, note 2.
- 47
The two Armenian mss. are dated a.d. 1195.
- 1193
Or, is seduced (cf. § 25, 17, note).
- 1194
a.
- 1195
b.
- 48
Evangelii Concordantis Expositio, facta a S. Ephraemo (Ven., 1876).
- 1196
.
- 1197
b.
- 49
Forschungen zur Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanons, I. Theil.
- 1198
.
- 50
Edited by Ernestus Ranke, Marb. and Lips., 1868.
- 1199
.
- 51
For other forms of the Diatessaron, of no critical importance, see S. Hemphill, The Diatessaron of Tatian (London, 1888), Appendix D and the refs. there.
- 1200
Or, while.
- 1201
.
- 52
Further references, chiefly repetitions in one form or another of the statements we have quoted, may be found in a convenient form in Harnack, Gesch. d. altchrist. Lit. bis. Euseb., 493-496; cf. also the works mentioned by Hill (op. cit.) p. 378 f.
- 1202
.
- 1203
Lit. fatteneth, as in Peshitta.
Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 9, ed. Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson and A. Cleveland Coxe (1885–96). Public domain. Text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library.