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On Patience [De Patientia.]

Doctrinal and Moral Treatises (part 2 of 4)

Page 410 of 412

Churches, seats in (apparently an exception),858296; of withdrawing from, during service; by whom filled on Festival days,859311; building of,860488.

Cicero, his rule for argument,861348; studied because acknowledged by all,862354; conspirators put to death by,863359; lectured on,864545.

Circumcision, a seal: is not for Christians,865351; made uncircumcision by leaving the law,866461,867462; for whom lawful,868461.

City of God, St. Augustin on,869317.

Clean, who are, in God's sight,870465.

Clergy, not bound to labor,871506-872508; may claim maintenance from their people,873506,874507; all, as well as Apostles,875508,876510; employments fitted for,877511; receive support, not as mendicants, that they may escape distracting occupations,878512; injunctions to support,879511,880513; for the good of the people,881513; have same right to maintenance as the Apostles,882515,883516: ministers of His Sacrament unto righteousness,884519,885520; not to be careful,886521.

Cæcilius, not studied instead of Cicero,887354.

Coeval, image of the Coeternal,888371.

Colors, divers, signify what,889339.

Command, of the Lord, why St. Paul had none,890421.

Commands, clear, to be obeyed at all risks,891469,892470; explained by examples,893470,894471.

Community of goods at Jerusalem,895512; of goods, benefit of,896520; all Christians one,897519.

Compacts, sexual, how far sinful,898400,899401.

Competentes, a step beyond other Catechumens,900547.

Concealment, of many things lawful,901352; not itself lying,902491.

Conceptaculum903471.

Concubinage, for offspring's sake unlawful,904406; was lawful among the ancient fathers,905406; lawfulness of a certain kind of, doubtful,906407.

Concupiscence, gradually weakened,907524; patience not to minister to,908528.

Confession, of sins,909436; medicine of,910473; remedy for lies,911500.

Confinis,912351.

Conflict. of virtues and vices in the soul,913381; of the Christian,914382,915387.

Conscience, moves all good minds to seek God,916363; good, excuses not carelessness of repute,917453; solace of, in evil report,918453; sinning against,919484.

Consent, in thought constitutes sin,920380,921381; yielded and withheld,922387,923388; withheld is mortification of the members,924392; what constitutes,925464,926465; when it justifies doing a man wrong,927466; chastity not lost without,928475.

Consentius, his inquiries about Priscillianists,929457,930482; praise of,931481; advised to write against Priscillianism,932486,933492.

Constancy, in the faith of the Resurrection,934310 sq.

Continence, praised by Epicurus,935352; door of,936380,937381; why mentioned last by St. Paul,938383; God's gift,939379,940391; the gift of God's Spirit,941384; difficult to treat of,942379; marriage, glorious, not to be attained in our own strength,943383; forbears excuses,944384, sought of God by David,945384; required against all sin,946385; peace the prize of,947386; a healthful chastisement of our nature,948390; falsely claimed, considered,949391; its office,950391; is refusing the consent of the mind,951392; must watch the thoughts,952393; glory of perseverance in, due to the Lord,953393; the greater of two goods,954402,955411956423; and marriage, two goods,957403; compared to fasting,958403; how, is not on a level with the marriage of the old Fathers,959408,960409; a virtue of the soul,961409; in habit and act,962410; praise of the state of,963411; the root-virtue,964412; profitable for the life to come,965420,966421,967422,968424; when unwillingly professed,969429; of widows: its rank,970434; widowed, better than nuptial chastity,971443; best for those who "receive" it,972445; strength of, measures merit of widowhood,973447; of heretics not to persuade us,974448; all is God's gift,975449; though willing,976450; term properly used of virgins and widows,977450; universal, supposed danger of,978460.

Contraries, instances of,979483.

Conversion, not to be brought about by lying,980476,981484.

Cornutus, a grammarian,982355.

Corruption, all things not perfectly good are liable to,983240.

Councils, weight of, against heretics,984365.

Creation, of man, what is to be believed concerning the,985302; all good, the whole better than each part,986444.

Creature, visible and invisible,987369; gives pleasure by approach to that which it loves,988534.

Credulousness, distinguished from faith,989357.

Creed, the Apostles',990238; current in 4th century,991318; expounded,992321 sq.; the rule of faith or symbol,993369 sq.; not written, repeated by Catechumens: scattered through Scripture,994369; calls, not the Son Almighty, yet implies this,995370.

Crimes, penance for, 575.

Crispina, mentioned,996434.

Critics, destructive,997448.

Cross, why Christ chose,998372.

Crown, for those who strive,999372; is not for the impatient,1000531.

Curia, of Tullium,1001546.

Curiosity, what it means,1002356,1003357; idle, danger of, in reading,1004398; forbidden, 573.

Curma, vision of,1005546.

Custom, binding power of,1006263 sq.

Cynegius, buried in the Basilica of St. Felix,1007539.

Cyprian, St., on the unity of the Church, note,1008365.

Danger, seeking, tempting God,1009520.

Daniel and St. Paul,1010423.

Darius Comes, Ep. to,1011337; St. Augustin's letter to,1012527.

David, a great saint,1013384; spake rashly,1014393; rash oath of, no example,1015490; his feigned madness,1016491; patient forbearance of,1017529.

Day, the first and the Lord's,1018515.

Dead, souls of the, benefitted by the sacraments and alms of living friends,1019272,1020550; care for,1021539-1022551; pagan opinions of,1023539,1024544,1025545: at rest,1026541,1027543,1028544,1029545; sacrifice for, in Maccabees,1030540; not affected by the condition of the body,1031540 sq.; unconscious when seen in visions,1032545 sq.; do not know what happens in this world,1033547-1034549; or their happiness would be affected,1035547; except in special cases,1036548; perhaps by information from other spirits,1037548; from Angels,1038548; by dispensation of the Holy Spirit: interpose not ordinarily,1039547 sq.,1040549; not as they please,1041549; sometimes,1042548,1043549; a blessing thereby,1044547; by extraordinary Divine permission,1045549; we care and pray for, without knowing their state,1046548,1047549.

Death, of the body is man's peculiar punishment,1048246; the first and the second, consequences of,1049267; eternal,1050273; cannot injure the regenerate,1051275; question of lying to prevent,1052497,1053498; sin worse than,1054462; wrongly thought of as worst evil,1055474; for mercy and truth, a gain,1056497; sin the sting of,1057500.

Deceit, purpose of, implied in lying,1058458; may be by means of truth,1059458; safest to avoid, entirely,1060459; turns on itself,1061495.

Defamation, question of, to prevent crime,1062466; especially condemned,1063472.

Degrees of glory in Heaven,1064426,1065435.

Dei fica,1066532.

Demetrias, consecrated a Nun,1067441; her choice of virginity praised, and note,1068443,1069448; became like Virgin Mary was,1070449; before her mother in the kingdom,1071451; grandmother of,1072451; care needed for, being young, and a book recommended,1073454.

Demons, served,1074391; confess themselves tormented by Martyrs,1075550; by living Saints,1076550.

Deogratias, the book on Catechising the Uninstructed, written for, 282.

Deserter, mark of, not changed,1077375.

Desires, earthly, lead to endurance,1078528.

Devil, the, how he tempts,1079314; the, called a lion,1080491.

Dictinius, reformed from his error,1081483; his book called the "Pound,"1082484,1083497,1084500.

Diet, what St. Augustin used,1085348.

Difficulties, to be borne with,1086550.

Discourse, a, often pleasant to the hearer and distasteful to the speaker, and probable explanation of the fact, 282 sq.

Disease, of nature, what,1087386.

Dives, care for his brethren did not imply that he knew of their state,1088548.

Divorce, why permitted the Jews,1089349; rebuked by Christ,1090402; may not take place for barrenness,1091402,1092406,1093412; does not dissolve marriage,1094402,1095406,1096412; dissolves marriage in the world's opinion,1097402.

Donatists, suicides of,1098530; not martyrdoms,1099531.

Donatus, the grammarian,1100355.

Dreams, See Apparitions,1101545 sq.

Drunkenness, a fault in act or habit,1102357.

Duty, of marriage among the early people of God,1103403,1104406,1105408,1106419; higher, supersede lower,1107474; cannot require a sin,1108489.

Duumvir,1109546.

Dwelling called "sitting,"1110373

Earth, creation of the,1111369.

Ecclesiasticus, said to be written by Solomon, not canonical,1112548.

Economy, some, used toward aliens without lying,1113487; practiced by our Lord,1114491.

Educated, the, how to catechise,1115290 sq.

Egypt, represents the world,1116496.

Election, God's sovereign grace in,1117268; Divine, is grace,1118532,1119533; precedes faith,1120533; examples of,1121534.

Eligere,1122534.

Eloquence, few attain, yet masters of, known,1123354.

Emperor, heathen, grants pardon to the courage of Firmus,1124468.

End of the Lord, our example,1125373.

Endurance, not patience,1126426; of sufferings for worldly objects,1127527; of men for temporal objects praised,1128528; practised for wicked ends,1129528,1130529; not patience, but an example,1131528; in surgical cases, worldly,1132532,1133534; this is animal and devilish,1134532; like stupor of disease,1135534; frantic, of misguided lust,1136534.

Enemies, love of,1137261.

Epicurus, sometimes praises continence,1138352; his error about pleasure1139352; not fit to explain Archimedes,1140353.

Epistles, of St. Paul, said by Manichees to be interpolated,1141350; written for men's salvation,1142470,1143477; truth clearly put forth in,1144493.

Erasmus, his opinion of the "De Patientia,"1145527.

Error, the nature of,1146242; always an evil,1147243,1148245; not always a sin,1149244; easy to talk against,1150348; three kinds of, in reading,1151351; hurts not unless believed: charitable, no evil,1152352; truth frees from, falsehood involves in1153457,1154458; of fact does little harm,1155483.

Erucius, Orations of,1156354.

Esau, birthright of, what it signified,1157492.

Eternal life, the penny in the parable,1158426.

Eternity, no space of, between the Father and the Son,1159371.

Eucharist, Blood of Christ given to drink in,1160374.

Eulogius, sees St. Augustin in a dream,1161545.

Eunuchs, for the kingdom of Heaven,1162424, monks preferred to be as,1163523.

Eusebius, Eccl. Hist. translated by Ruffinus,1164543.

Evanescere,1165486.

Eve, Adam tempted by,1166372; a help to the tempter,1167530.

Every, used for "any,"1168472.

Evidence, of prophecy,1169339,1170340 sq.; of the Jews,1171342.

Evil, in the universe is but the absence of good,1172240; there can be no evil where there is no good,1173241; good and evil are exceptions to the rule that contrary attributes cannot be predicated of the same subject,1174241; permission of,1175267,1176269,1177385; turned into good by God,1178269,1179385,1180495; man created able to choose good or evil,—choice of evil impossible in the future life,1181271; co-existence of, with good, in the Church, and their final separation,1182303 sq.; God not the author of,1183365; not self-existent,1184385; Manichæan errors concerning,1185385,1186386,1187388; uses of,1188385,1189386; lusts, what,1190387; perfected hereafter, not a substance,1191387,1192388; its nature explained,1193464; question of doing less, to avoid greater,1194465,1195467; wrongly measured through earthly affections,1196474; comparison of evils,1197476; not to be done that good may come,1198488.

Evil fruit, good tree cannot bring forth, expounded,1199241.

Examples (see Saints), how to be judged of,1200495.

Excommunication, needed for crimes,1201373; may be incurred by a valid marriage,1202441.

Excuses, shunned by continence,1203384; useless before God,1204384.

Exhortation, needful to spur us to action,1205442,1206449; use of, implies acting on others' will,1207450.

Exorcism of children shows original sin,1208369.

Experience, of friendship leaves room for faith,1209338.

Exsufflation of Children,1210369.

Eye, inward and outward,1211337.

Eyes, weak from darkness cannot bear light,1212361; fools use more readily than the mind,1213363; their honorable place in the body,1214444; want of, supplied by hearing, etc.,1215452.

Fables, are no lies,1216494.

Fairness of Christ, the love of virgins,1217436,1218437.

Faith, is the gift of God,1219247; without works, is dead,1220259; of things unseen derided,1221337; defended by analogy,1222338; even after trial,1223338; if due to human things, more so to divine,1224339; prophesied of, a ground of faith,1225343; on authority, blamed by the Manichees,1226348,1227356; distinguished from credulity,1228357; question if still a fault,1229357,1230358; necessary for friendship,1231357,1232358,1233338; teacher uses, towards learner,1234357; no harm in, though reason might be used,1235358; distinguished from knowledge and opinion,1236359; faulty only when rash or wrong,1237359; of historical facts, needful,1238360; parents known by,1239359,1240360; most needful of all in religion, and why,1241360,1242361; before reason, no rashness,1243362; they are not Christians who forbid faith in Christ before reason,1244362; miracles lead to,1245363; prepares way to wisdom,1246365; before understanding,1247370; is in order to eternal life,1248374; and works,1249392; without putting down lust, is dead,1250393; in wedlock,1251401; conjugal, less worthy than virginity,1252442; of profession to be kept,1253445; whence named,1254476; of Christ, none justified without,1255533; Faith, Hope and Love, God to be worshipped through,1256238; their mutual dependence,1257239; distinction between faith and hope,1258239; love is the greatest of the three,1259274.

Fall of man, through pride,1260371.

Falling, danger of,1261432.

Falsehood, not all, is a lie,1262458; leads to error,1263459.

Faltonia, Proba, mother of Juliana,1264448.

Fame, endurance from desire of,1265528.

Famine, provided against,1266471.

Fasting, continuous for several days,1267364; compared to continence,1268403; adds to the merit of widowhood,1269448; time of, how to be used,1270452; before receiving the Eucharist,1271514.

Fatalism, its excuses blasphemous,1272384.

Fate, inconsistency of those who speak of it,1273384.

Father, The, how greater than the son,1274249; Himself God,1275327; the Beginning of The Son,1276328; hath not His Being from The Son,1277329; nor from any other,1278329; The Son anointed by,1279339; One God with The Son,1280370; coeternal with Son imaged by coeval,1281371; doth what he will, never without The Son,1282371.

Father, human, supposed death of, inciting to lying,1283464; power of, over children,1284490; why greater than sons,1285370.

Fathers, Catholic, remarks on their writings,1286291; the Old, how they married,1287403,1288406,1289407,1290466; typical in their marriage of many wives,1291408.

Faustus, the Manichee, attacked Patriarchs' marriages: his pretensions and failure,1292448.

Fear, to displease God entertained by love,1293431; spoken of by St. Paul,1294432; likely to mislead,1295489; of God, His gift,1296534; patience founded on,1297535.

Feast, conversation at a,1298357.

Feigning, in our Lord no falsehood,1299494.

Felix, St., burial in his Basilica,1300539; appeared at Nola,1301548.

Fellowship, attainable without marriage,1302403.

Female, contrasted with male,1303408.

Fides, from fieri,1304476.

Figure, of speech,1305392,1306393; in speech, no lie,1307491,1308494.

Filth of soul, love of any thing but God and the soul,1309364.

Final goods,1310403.

"Finger of God," means the Holy Spirit,1311305.

Fire, saved by, expounded,1312259; coeval father of light,1313371.

Firmus, Bishop, courage of,1314468,1315469.

Flames of the world,1316438.

Fleeing iniquity, the greatest of all alms,1317262.

Flesh and blood, shall not inherit the kingdom of God, expounded,1318317; living after what?1319383; meaning of, in Scripture,1320383,1321384; how saved,1322387; Manichæan error concerning,1323388,1324389; as created, spoken well of by St. Paul,1325388; Christ's was true,1326389; not evil: likened to the Church,1327389,1328390; its works, may be sins of the soul,1329391.

Flood, the, a sacramental sign,1330303.

Flora, a pious widow,1331539.

Food, strong, not for the diseased,1332357,1333361; preserves man,1334407; uncooked, needs exercise to digest,1335518; stores of, necessary,1336518.

Fools, all who are not wise, and note,1337360; do best to follow the wise,1338361,1339363; cannot know wisdom surely,1340361; incapable of reason concerning God,1341363; easiest led by means of sense,1342363,1343364.

Foreknowledge, of God,1344271,1345302.

Forgery of wills,1346488.

Forgiveness, of debtors,1347261; of sins, realized in baptism,1348374 sq.; asked by all, shows all sinful,1349443.

Fortitude, spirit of,1350535.

Fowlers, why the, cover up waters,1351348.

Foxes, who?1352436.

Free, why man is left,1353385.

Free-born, love is of,1354535.

Free-will, lost by sin,1355247.

Freedom of the will, See Will, is the gift of God,1356248; man created with,1357271.

Friendship, founded on faith,1358337; exists before fully proved,1359338; none without faith,1360358; attainable without marriage,1361403.

Fronto, informant of Consentius,1362483.

Fruitfulness, not to be compared to virginity,1363419.

Fruits, thirty, sixty, and hundred fold,1364434.

Future life, continence profitable for,1365420,1366421,1367423,1368424.

Games, illustrate the Christian conflict,1369372; what men will suffer for,1370528.

Gaul, martyrs of,1371542.

Generation, preserves mankind, as food man,1372407; of mortal creatures is by corruption,1373370.

Generation, of The Son from eternity,1374371.

Genius, finds not truth without God's help,1375358.

Gentiles, not to use Jewish customs,1376461,1377462,1378493; typified by the woman with issue of blood,1379494; idolatrous, called Pagans,1380509,1381511; debtors to Jews,1382516.

Gift, The Holy Ghost called,1383339.

Gifts, are all from God,1384432; prayed for, are not of ourselves,1385433; of different kinds,1386434; spiritual, one person may have many,1387549.

Girding the loins, what?1388386.

Glory, different degrees of,1389426,1390435.

God, to be worshipped through faith, hope and love,1391238; in what sense said to be angry,1392248; Grace of, displayed in Christ,1393249; in election,1394268,1395533; Peace of,1396257; pardons sin, but on condition of penitence,1397258; alone decides what sins are trivial and what not,1398262; does well even in the permission of evil,1399267; Will of, never defeated, though much is done contrary to His will,1400269; always good, but sometimes fulfilled through the evil will of man,1401269; Grace necessary to salvation before the fall,1402271; foreknew the sin of the first man, and ordered His own purpose. accordingly,1403271; is Love,1404275 sq.; severity of,1405287; finger of, signifies the Holy Spirit,1406305; exclusive eternity and omnipotence of,1407322; blessed Abraham,1408339; most fitly born of a Virgin,1409339; is not in any special place,1410341; the True, now invoked by all,1411342; if Almighty created matter,1412322; just in binding men by law,1413351; frees from the Law, but condemns it not,1414351; dwells in pure souls,1415353; reasons concerning, understood by few,1416358; helps those who go humbly and charitably,1417358; knowledge of, true wisdom,1418360; search for true religion presupposes faith in,1419361; cannot be displeased with our believing,1420361; demands faith,1421362; the wise most near to,1422363; mercy of,. shown in Christ,1423363; now known by nations not to be of earth or fire,1424364; Old Testament charged with false doctrine about,1425365; providence of, points out the Church,1426364; no substance but is of Him,1427365; Father of those to whom the Church is Mother,1428369; The Almighty Father, cannot lie or will wrong,1429369; Author of Incorruptibility: One Will of Father and Son,1430370; not lost by misfortunes,1431372,1432373; a Temple is for Him: He creates, Who clothes,1433374; permits evil, why?1434385; brings good out of evil,1435385; Manichæan heresy concerning,1436385,1437386; His nature,1438386; a Physician,1439386; not wanting under the law,1440449; destroys not free will,1441449,1442450; favor of, gives continence,1443449;. gifts of, no blessings unless owned,1444449; all good comes from,1445452; labors to win, pleasant,1446453; "hates" sinners, "destroys" liars,1447462,1448481; who unclean in sight of,1449465; hears our inward speech,1450471; wronged, though not hurt, by sins of luxury,1451474; to be honored outwardly as well as inwardly,1452482; Priscillianists erred concerning,1453484; sin against, worse than against man,1454485; sometimes heals secretly,1455486; we must depend on, after all means,1456497; will provide where we cannot rightly,1457500; impassible: passions attributed to: patience His Gift,1458527,1459536; Himself long-suffering, though not suffering,1460527,1461528; His wrath, jealousy: His "repentance" implies no error,1462527; cares for our body,1463529; not lost by will,1464530; riches of,1465531,1466536; patience likens to,1467532; assists the just, and justifies the ungodly.1468533; free mercy of, to old Saints,1469533; how first loves sinners, works in us good will,1470534,1471536; never lies, 565.

"God will have all men to be saved," expounded,1472267,1473270.

Gold, may be known and not had,1474361.

Goliath and Zaccheus compared,1475411.

Good, all things made,1476240; but not perfectly good, hence liable to corruption,1477240; there can be no evil where there is no good,1478241;. highest, not attained without loving it,1479363; brought out of evil,1480385; all nature is,1481386; in what degree attainable,1482387; man so created,1483388; the substance of the flesh is,1484390; superior, makes not lesser good an evil: some, implied in "better,"1485443,1486446; more honored by having a good below it than an evil,1487444,1488446; fall from a higher, is an evil,1489445,1490446; all, comes from God,1491452; sin aims at some, in this life,1492474; temporal, may be given up without sin,1493474,1494475; three things to be kept, for sanctity's sake,1495475; luminous, of truth,1496498; impassible,1497532.

Goods, final and instrumental,1498403; when abused, become sin,1499403; of marriage are offspring, faith, sacrament,1500412.

Good works, men not saved by,1501247; follow faith,1502247; rewarded by eternal life, the gift of God,1503272.

Gospel, not to seem sold,1504508-1505510.

Gospels, said by Manichees to be interpolated,1506350.

Government, of mankind,1507385.

Grammarians, expected to find good sense in Virgil,1508353; several named,1509355.

Gratitude, due from virgins to God,1510433.

Greek, words borrowed from,1511349.

Greeks, philosophers, shoemakers,1512511.

Guests, duty of protecting,1513489,1514490.

Guilt, transmitted from progenitors,1515252,1516253.

Habits, hard to change,1517364.

Hair, bosses of,1518429; worn long by some monks: long, thought a sign of sanctity,1519522; St. Paul's rule against long,1520523; every, in God's keeping.1521529.

Happiness, knowledge of the causes of good and evil necessary to man's,1522242; of perfect knowledge not yet ours,1523359.

Head dress of women,1524429.

Health and immortality, two goods,1525403.

Hearers, order of, among the Manichees,1526348; what said of, when they left them,1527348.

Hearing, studiousness of,1528357.

Heart, its mouth,1529379-1530381: continence must be seated there,1531379; its consent,1532380,1533381; its language,1534379; picture of purity,1535392.

Heaven, the Church in,1536256,1537257; degrees of glory in,1538426,1539435.

Heresies, fight in vain against the Church,1540374.

Heresy, pretence of, may cause real,1541483,1542484; how to be exposed: sometimes healed secretly,1543486.

Heretic, not every one a, who believes heretics,1544347; what makes a,1545348; silence to be kept to a: each claims name of Catholic,1546355,1547356; spoils that claim by pretending to reason,1548357,1549363; cannot claim authority, or do without it,1550362; that on which we believe Christ is against them,1551363.

Heretics, or schismatics compared to twigs lopped off the vine,1552310 sq.; all, would have us believe in Christ,1553362; many ways condemned,1554365; yet in their sins,1555375; continence of, should not persuade us,1556448; widows and virgins of, inferior to Catholic wives,1557448; not to be tracked out by lying,1558482; sin less in speaking heresy than Catholics would,1559483,1560485; little harm in believing, when they pretend Catholicism,1561483; converted, may take comfort in their former ignorance,1562485; converted, will correct others,1563486.

Hidden life with Christ,1564392.

History, explanation by,1565349; of the Exodus allegorical, though true,1566350.

Holy Spirit, the birth of Christ is of The,1567250; is not the Father of Christ,1568250; Holy Spirit and the Church,1569255; is not a creature,1570256; sin against The,1571264; signified by the expression, finger of God,1572305; mission of, on Pentecost,1573308; The third Person of the Trinity,1574327; His individuality and offices,1575329; body of any Christian, a temple of,1576444; speaking in St. Paul,1577513.

Homicide, lying to screen from punishment,1578468; justifiable,1579469.

Honoratus, several of the name,1580347; one a companion of St. Augustin, a lover of truth,1581347; prayed for,1582348,1583349; how led astray,1584348; not then a Christian,1585348; his friendship with St. Augustin,1586351; will wonder at the Old Testament being called pure,1587353; called on to take more pains,1588355; a sincere and earnest inquirer,1589365.

Honorius, laws of, against idols,1590337.

Hope, everything pertaining to, embraced in the Lord's Prayer,1591273; worldly, its objects,1592348; of discovery implied in search,1593361; of Christians in the Judgment,1594374.

Horace, fable quoted,1595494.

House, temporal and eternal,1596496.

Humility, most needful for virgins,1597428,1598437; who would follow Christ,1599436; its praise,1600428; instances of,1601428,1602429; commended by our Lord,1603428,1604430.

Humility, taught by Christ, near his Passion,1605429; learnt of Christ,1606430; unfeigned, needed,1607434; treated of fully by St. Augustin,1608436; of Saints,1609438; and holiness: need of in pious widows,1610448.

Hundredfold fruits of virginity,1611434.

Hunting, pleasure of,1612452.

Husband, and wife, their union,1613388; relative duties,1614389,1615391; might once have many wives,1616406,1617407; must have but one,1618408.

I AM, meaning of the Name,1619324.

Idleness leads to vain talking,1620516.

Idolaters, a minority,1621355.

Idolatry conforming to, to avoid violence,1622464; might be done to save life, if lying lawful,1623482; conformity to, nowhere allowed,1624493.

Notes

  1. 858

    Disciplina, disco

  2. 859

    Disciplina, disco

  3. 860

    Disciplina

  4. 861

    Disciplina

  5. 862

    ,

  6. 863

  7. 864

    Wisd. vi. 26

  8. 865

  9. 866

    Bk. xiii. cc. 1, 19.

  10. 867

  11. 868

    Bk. xiii. c. 7.

  12. 869

    ,

  13. 870

  14. 871

  15. 872

  16. 873

    Cc. 2 sq.

  17. 874

  18. 875

    [This occurred in the the case of Edward Irving. Oliphant's Life of Irving.—W.G.T.S.]

  19. 876

    Bk. x. c. 5.

  20. 877

    Bk. x. c. 3.

  21. 878

    Supra, c. iv.

  22. 879

    Cc. 2 sq.

  23. 880

    Wisd. ix. 14

  24. 881

    Æneid, iii. 628, 629.

  25. 882

  26. 883

  27. 884

    ,

  28. 885

  29. 886

  30. 887

  31. 888

  32. 889

    [Augustin here understands "Sheol," to denote the place of retribution for the wicked.—W.G.T.S.]

  33. 890

    ,

  34. 891

  35. 892

  36. 893

    Virg. Georg. iii. 513-514.

  37. 894

  38. 895

  39. 896

  40. 897

    C. 4.

  41. 898

  42. 899

  43. 900

  44. 901

  45. 902

  46. 903

  47. 904

    [In the case of knowledge that is remembered, there is something latent and potential—as when past acquisitions are recalled by a voluntary act of recollection. The same is true of innate ideas—these also are latent, and brought into consciousness by reflection. But no man can either remember, or elicit, his original holiness and blessedness, because this is not latent and potential, but wholly lost by the fall.—W.G.T.S.]

  48. 905

  49. 906

  50. 907

    ,

  51. 908

  52. 909

  53. 910

  54. 911

  55. 912

  56. 913

  57. 914

  58. 915

  59. 916

    ,

  60. 917

  61. 918

    [Justification is instantaneous: sanctification is gradual. Baptism is the sign, not the cause, of the former. "As many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized with reference to (eis) his death;" and "are intombed with him by the baptism that has reference to (eis) his death." , . According to St. Paul, baptism supposes a trust in the atonement of Christ, and is a seal of it. In saying that "the forgiveness of all thine iniquity takes place in baptism," Augustin is liable to be understood as teaching the efficiency of baptism in producing forgiveness. This is the weak side of the Post Nicene soteriology.—W.G.T.S.]

  62. 919

  63. 920

  64. 921

  65. 922

  66. 923

  67. 924

  68. 925

  69. 926

  70. 927

    ,

  71. 928

  72. 929

  73. 930

  74. 931

  75. 932

  76. 933

  77. 934

  78. 935

  79. 936

    Mens or animus.

  80. 937

    Anima

  81. 938

    ,

  82. 939

    ,

  83. 940

    Ecclus. xxiv. 22

  84. 941

  85. 942

  86. 943

  87. 944

    Wisd. xiii. 1-5

  88. 945

  89. 946

  90. 947

  91. 948

  92. 949

  93. 950

  94. 951

  95. 952

    Wisd. viii. 1

  96. 953

    [In the Infinite Being, qualities are inseparable from essence; in the finite being, they are separable. If man or angel ceases to be good, or wise, or righteous, he does not thereby cease to be man or angel. But if God should lose goodness, wisdom or righteousness, he would no longer be God. This is the meaning of Augustin, when he says that "goodness" as well as "spirit" must be predicated of God, "according to substance"—that is, that qualities in God are essential qualities. They are so one with the essence, that they are inseparable.—W.G.T.S.]

  97. 954

    Wisd. vi. 1

  98. 955

  99. 956

  100. 957

  101. 958

  102. 959

  103. 960

  104. 961

  105. 962

  106. 963

    Speculantes

  107. 964

    Speculum

  108. 965

    Specula

  109. 966

  110. 967

  111. 968

  112. 969

  113. 970

  114. 971

    Wisd. ii. 1

  115. 972

  116. 973

    ,

  117. 974

  118. 975

  119. 976

  120. 977

  121. 978

  122. 979

  123. 980

  124. 981

    Ecclus. i. 5

  125. 982

  126. 983

    Ecclus. xxxvii. 20

  127. 984

  128. 985

  129. 986

  130. 987

    [Not the Old Academy of Plato and his immediate disciples, who were anti-skeptical; but the new Academy, to which Augustin has previously referred (XIV. xix. 26). This was skeptical—W.G.T.S.]

  131. 988

    Libri Tres contra Academicos

  132. 989

  133. 990

    Ecclus. xxiii. 20

  134. 991

  135. 992

  136. 993

  137. 994

    Æn. x. 159, 160.

  138. 995

  139. 996

  140. 997

  141. 998

  142. 999

  143. 1000

  144. 1001

  145. 1002

    and

  146. 1003

  147. 1004

  148. 1005

  149. 1006

  150. 1007

  151. 1008

  152. 1009

  153. 1010

  154. 1011

  155. 1012

  156. 1013

  157. 1014

  158. 1015

  159. 1016

  160. 1017

  161. 1018

  162. 1019

    ,

  163. 1020

  164. 1021

  165. 1022

  166. 1023

  167. 1024

    Distributionibus

  168. 1025

  169. 1026

  170. 1027

  171. 1028

  172. 1029

    ,

  173. 1030

  174. 1031

    ,

  175. 1032

  176. 1033

  177. 1034

  178. 1035

  179. 1036

  180. 1037

  181. 1038

  182. 1039

    [The reader will observe that Augustin has employed the term "memory" in a wider sense than in the modern ordinary use. With him, it is the mind as including all that is potential or latent in it. The innate ideas, in this use, are laid up in the "memory," and called into consciousness or "remembered" by reflection. The idea of God, for example, is not in the "memory" when not elicited by reflection. The same is true of the ideas of space and time, etc.—W.G.T.S.]

  183. 1040

  184. 1041

  185. 1042

    Wisd. ix. 15

  186. 1043

  187. 1044

  188. 1045

  189. 1046

    C. 3.

  190. 1047

  191. 1048

  192. 1049

  193. 1050

  194. 1051

  195. 1052

  196. 1053

  197. 1054

  198. 1055

  199. 1056

  200. 1057

    ,

  201. 1058

  202. 1059

    and iv. 1

  203. 1060

  204. 1061

  205. 1062

  206. 1063

  207. 1064

  208. 1065

  209. 1066

  210. 1067

    [Says Turrettin, III. xxix. 21. "The Father does not generate the Son either as previously existing, for in this case there would be no need of generation; nor yet as not yet existing, for in this case the Son would not be eternal; but as co-existing, because he is from eternity in the God-head."—W.G.T.S.]

  211. 1068

    [The term "unbegotten" is not found in Scripture, but it is implied in the terms "begotten" and "only-begotten," which are found. The term "unity" is not applied to God in Scripture, but it is implied in the term "one" which is so applied.—W.G.T.S.]

  212. 1069

    [The spiration and procession of the Holy Spirit is not by two separate acts, one of the Father, and one of the Son—as perhaps might be inferred from Augustin's remark that "the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father principally." As Turrettin says: "The Father and Son spirate the Spirit, not as two different essences in each of which resides a spirative energy, but as two personal subsistences of one essence, who concur in one act of spiration." Institutio III. xxxi. 6.—W.G.T.S.]

  213. 1070

  214. 1071

  215. 1072

    [Generation and procession are each an emanation of the essence by which it is modified. Neither of them is a creation ex nihilo. The school-men attempted to explain the difference between the two emanations, by saying that the generation of the Son is by the mode of the intellect—hence the Son is called Wisdom, or Word (Logos); but the procession of the Spirit is by the mode of the will—hence the Spirit is called Love. Turrettin distinguishes the difference by the following particulars: 1. In respect to the source. Generation is from the Father alone; procession is from Father and In respect to effects. Generation yields not only personality, but resemblance. The Son is the "image" of the Father, but the Spirit is not the image of the Father and Son. Generation is accompanied with the power to communicate the essence; procession is not. 3. In respect to order of relationship. Generation is second, procession is third. In the order of nature, not of time (for both generation and procession are eternal, therefore simultaneous), procession is after generation. Institutio III. xxxi. 3.—W.G.T.S.]

  216. 1073

    Serm. in Joh. Evang. tract.. 99, n. 8, 9.

  217. 1074

  218. 1075

  219. 1076

  220. 1077

    ,

  221. 1078

  222. 1079

    and

  223. 1080

  224. 1081

  225. 1082

  226. 1083

  227. 1084

  228. 1085

  229. 1086

    Ecclus. xliii. 29

  230. 1087

  231. 1088

    "Scripsi etiam librum de Fide, Spe et Charitate' cum a me ad quem scriptus est postulasset ut aliquod opusculum haberet meum de suis manibus nunquam recessurum, quod genus Græci Enchiridion vocant. Ubi satis diligenter mihi videor esse complexus quomodo sit colendus Deus quam sapientiam esse hominis utique veram Divina Scriptura definit. Hic liber sic incipit, Dici non potest, dilectissime fili Laurenti, quantum tuâ eruditione delecter.'"

  232. 1089

  233. 1090

    Wisd. vi. 24. [Greek text, ver. 25: plethos sophon soteria kosmou.—P.S.]

  234. 1091

  235. 1092

    Ecclus. i. 1

  236. 1093

  237. 1094

  238. 1095

  239. 1096

  240. 1097

  241. 1098

    Lucan, Phars. ii. 15.

  242. 1099

    Virgil, Æneid, iv. 419.

  243. 1100

  244. 1101

    ,

  245. 1102

  246. 1103

  247. 1104

  248. 1105

  249. 1106

  250. 1107

  251. 1108

  252. 1109

    Virgil, Georgics, ii. 490.

  253. 1110

    Ibid

  254. 1111

    Virgil, Eclog. viii. 41.

  255. 1112

  256. 1113

  257. 1114

    Virgil, Æn. x. 392.

  258. 1115

  259. 1116

  260. 1117

  261. 1118

  262. 1119

  263. 1120

  264. 1121

  265. 1122

  266. 1123

  267. 1124

  268. 1125

    Wisd. xi. 20

  269. 1126

  270. 1127

  271. 1128

  272. 1129

  273. 1130

    ,

  274. 1131

  275. 1132

  276. 1133

  277. 1134

  278. 1135

  279. 1136

  280. 1137

  281. 1138

  282. 1139

  283. 1140

  284. 1141

  285. 1142

    . These words, attributed by the author to Christ, were really spoken by John the Baptist.

  286. 1143

  287. 1144

  288. 1145

  289. 1146

  290. 1147

    3

  291. 1148

    Ep. 137.

  292. 1149

  293. 1150

  294. 1151

    ("thou that are highly favored," A.V.).

  295. 1152

    ("Thou hast found favor with God," A.V.).

  296. 1153

  297. 1154

  298. 1155

  299. 1156

    A quotation from a form of the Apostles' Creed anciently in use in the Latin Church.

  300. 1157

  301. 1158

  302. 1159

  303. 1160

    ,

  304. 1161

    "Uterumque armato milite complent.".—Virgil, Æn. ii. 20.

  305. 1162

    ("serpents," A. and R.V.).

  306. 1163

  307. 1164

  308. 1165

  309. 1166

  310. 1167

    ;

  311. 1168

  312. 1169

    (The A.V. has the singular, "iniquity" and "sin").

  313. 1170

  314. 1171

  315. 1172

  316. 1173

    ; , . It is by a mistake that Augustin quotes these words as pronounced at our Lord's baptism.

  317. 1174

  318. 1175

  319. 1176

  320. 1177

  321. 1178

  322. 1179

  323. 1180

  324. 1181

  325. 1182

  326. 1183

  327. 1184

    (damnation, A.V.)

  328. 1185

  329. 1186

    ("Plead my cause against an ungodly nation," A.V.).

  330. 1187

  331. 1188

  332. 1189

  333. 1190

  334. 1191

  335. 1192

  336. 1193

  337. 1194

  338. 1195

  339. 1196

    , ["host," R.V.].

  340. 1197

  341. 1198

    ("The angel that talked with me," A.V.).

  342. 1199

  343. 1200

    ,

  344. 1201

    ,

  345. 1202

  346. 1203

  347. 1204

  348. 1205

    , . [ R.V. "summed up."].

  349. 1206

  350. 1207

  351. 1208

  352. 1209

  353. 1210

    Wisd. ix. 15

  354. 1211

  355. 1212

  356. 1213

  357. 1214

    Ecclus. xl. 1

  358. 1215

    ,

  359. 1216

  360. 1217

    . [See R.V.]

  361. 1218

  362. 1219

  363. 1220

    ,

  364. 1221

    . [The "fire" in ver. 15 is not the purgatorial fire in the state between death and resurrection, but, as in ver. 14, the fire of the day of judgment.—P.S.]

  365. 1222

  366. 1223

    Ecclus. xxvii. 5, ii. 5

  367. 1224

  368. 1225

    . [See R.V.]

  369. 1226

  370. 1227

  371. 1228

    Ecclus. xv. 20

  372. 1229

  373. 1230

  374. 1231

  375. 1232

  376. 1233

    ;

  377. 1234

  378. 1235

  379. 1236

    ,

  380. 1237

  381. 1238

    . [See R.V.]

  382. 1239

  383. 1240

  384. 1241

    Ecclus. xxx. 24

  385. 1242

  386. 1243

  387. 1244

  388. 1245

  389. 1246

  390. 1247

  391. 1248

    . ("Him that loveth violence, His (God's) soul hateth." A.V.)

  392. 1249

  393. 1250

  394. 1251

    . ["Concession," R.V.]

  395. 1252

  396. 1253

  397. 1254

  398. 1255

  399. 1256

  400. 1257

    . [See R.V.]

  401. 1258

    ,

  402. 1259

    ,

  403. 1260

  404. 1261

  405. 1262

  406. 1263

  407. 1264

  408. 1265

  409. 1266

  410. 1267

    Jerome, in his Epistle to Vitalis: "Or because in our times a man was born at Lydda with two heads, four hands, one belly, and two feet, does it necessarily follow that all men are so born?"

  411. 1268

    . [See R.V.]

  412. 1269

    Wisd. ix. 15;

  413. 1270

  414. 1271

  415. 1272

  416. 1273

  417. 1274

  418. 1275

  419. 1276

  420. 1277

    . [See R.V.]

  421. 1278

  422. 1279

  423. 1280

  424. 1281

    ; ,

  425. 1282

  426. 1283

    ;

  427. 1284

    . [See R V.]

  428. 1285

    Comp.

  429. 1286

    ;

  430. 1287

  431. 1288

  432. 1289

    ,

  433. 1290

    ;

  434. 1291

    (LXX.): "The works of the Lord are great, sought out of all them that have pleasure therein." (A.V.)

  435. 1292

  436. 1293

  437. 1294

  438. 1295

  439. 1296

  440. 1297

    . ["All manner of herbs." A.V.]

  441. 1298

    . ["Our God is in the heavens: He hath done whatsoever He hath pleased." A.V.]

  442. 1299

    . ["The preparation of the heart in man... is from the Lord." A.V.]

  443. 1300

  444. 1301

    Comp.

  445. 1302

  446. 1303

    ; comp.

  447. 1304

  448. 1305

  449. 1306

  450. 1307

  451. 1308

    Ps. lxxviii

  452. 1309

  453. 1310

  454. 1311

    ,

  455. 1312

  456. 1313

    [These petitions are retained in the A.V., but omitted in the R.V., according to the oldest authorities.—P.S.]

  457. 1314

    [These petitions are retained in the A.V., but omitted in the R.V., according to the oldest authorities.—P.S.]

  458. 1315

  459. 1316

  460. 1317

  461. 1318

  462. 1319

  463. 1320

  464. 1321

    Comp. Wisd. xi. 20

  465. 1322

  466. 1323

  467. 1324

  468. 1325

    ; comp.

  469. 1326

    ;

  470. 1327

    Comp. and

  471. 1328

  472. 1329

  473. 1330

  474. 1331

    [The Oxford Library and H. de Romestin translate the title: On Instructing the Unlearned.—P.S.]

  475. 1332

    Reading et doctrina fidei et suavitate sermonis, instead of which, however, et doctrinam...suavitatem, etc. also occurs, = possessing at once a rich gift in catechising, and an intimate acquaintance with the faith, and an attractive method of discourse, [or, sweetness of language].

  476. 1333

    Reading retineri as in the mss. Some editions give retinere = know how to maintain the Christian life and profession.

  477. 1334

    Pecuniam Dominicam

  478. 1335

    Verbis sonantibus,—sounding words.

  479. 1336

    Perdurant illa cum syllabarum morulis

  480. 1337

    Sonantia signa,—vocal signs.

  481. 1338

    I am angry.

  482. 1339

  483. 1340

    Sine volumine cæli

  484. 1341

  485. 1342

  486. 1343

  487. 1344

    In the mss. we also find the reading Ezræ = Ezra.

  488. 1345

    In ipsis articulis = "among the very articles," or "connecting links." Reference is made to certain great epochs or articles of time in sections 6 and 39.

  489. 1346

  490. 1347

    Reading movendus, for which monendus = to be admonished, also occurs in the editions.

  491. 1348

  492. 1349

  493. 1350

  494. 1351

    Reading supplantavit. Some mss. give supplantaret = wherewith also He might supplant, etc.

  495. 1352

    Temporum articulos

  496. 1353

  497. 1354

  498. 1355

  499. 1356

  500. 1357

  501. 1358

    ,

  502. 1359

  503. 1360

  504. 1361

  505. 1362

    ,

  506. 1363

  507. 1364

    Reading quanto plus, for which some mss. give plurius, while in a large number we find purius = with how much greater purity should it hold good, etc.

  508. 1365

    Reading studioso...obsequio, for which studiose, etc., also occurs in the editions = are earnestly gratified with the attention, etc.

  509. 1366

    Æstuat= burn, heave.

  510. 1367

    Ex miseria...ex misericordia

  511. 1368

  512. 1369

    Reading conscripta, for which some mss. have consecuta = have followed, and many give consecrata, dedicated.

  513. 1370

    De ipsa etiam severitate Dei...caritas ædificanda est

  514. 1371

    Non fieri vult potius quam fingere

  515. 1372

    Or = "signifying assent by its motions," adopting the reading of the best mss., viz. salutantis corporis. Some editions give salvandi, while certain mss. have salutis, and others saltantis.

  516. 1373

    Reading quando veniat animo, for which quo veniat animo also occurs = the mind in which a man comes...is a matter hidden from us.

  517. 1374

    Prærogata sit

  518. 1375

  519. 1376

    Reading ad voluptatem. But many mss. give ad voluntatem = according to the inclination, etc.

  520. 1377

    Avidam saginæ soecularis

  521. 1378

    Reading veritas adhibitoe rationis, for which we also find adhibita rationis = the applied truth, etc.; and adhibita rationi = the truth applied to our explanation.

  522. 1379

    Non tamen ornamenti seriem ulla immoderatione perturbans

  523. 1380

    Medicina

  524. 1381

    Reading odiose, for which several mss. give otiose = idly.

  525. 1382

    Utilium tractatorum

  526. 1383

    Reading exponentium. Various codices give ad exponendum = in expounding.

  527. 1384

    Reading quod, with Marriott. But if we accept quod with the Benedictine editors, the sense will = and in ignorance it may be that the true faith condemns them, has retained them in his mind.

  528. 1385

    Aliorumque doctissimorum hominum et disputationibus et scriptionibus in ejus veritate florentium. It may also be = bringing before him the authority of the Church universal, as well as both the disputations and the writings of other most learned men well reputed in (the cause of) its truth.

  529. 1386

    Idiota

  530. 1387

    . See also above, § 9.

  531. 1388

    Carnalibus integumentis involuta atque operta

  532. 1389

    Or = confusing the sense by false pauses: perturbateque distinguere.

  533. 1390

    Ut sono in foro, sic voto in ecclesia benedici

  534. 1391

    Bona dictio, nunquam tamen benedictio

  535. 1392

    The sentence, "either in that he is actually not stirred...by what is said," is omitted in many mss.

  536. 1393

  537. 1394

  538. 1395

    . The form in which the quotation is given above, with the omission of the intermediate clauses, is due probably to the copyist, and not to Augustin himself. The words left out are given thus in the Serm. XLVII on Ezekiel xxxiv.: "Being made in the likeness of men, and being found in the fashion of a man: He humbled Himself, being made obedient unto death, even the death of the cross." [See R.V.]

  539. 1396

    Cf.

  540. 1397

    ,

  541. 1398

    Cf.

  542. 1399

    Cf.

  543. 1400

    Illius gallinoe,—in reference to

  544. 1401

    Cf.

  545. 1402

    . [See R.V.]

  546. 1403

  547. 1404

  548. 1405

  549. 1406

    A caritate jaculatur

  550. 1407

    Concurrant in bonum

  551. 1408

    Some editions read arcem = stronghold, instead of artem.

  552. 1409

    Or = wherein: ubi.

  553. 1410

    Instead of eam, the reading ea = those things, also occurs.

  554. 1411

    Or = by the reverence which he feels for the man: humana verecundia.

  555. 1412

    The text gives simply Catholicæ. One ms. has Catholicæ fidei = the Catholic faith. But it is most natural to supply Ecclesiæ.

  556. 1413

    Instead of viros fratres, some mss. read veros fratres = our genuine brethren.

  557. 1414

  558. 1415

    Initiandi = initiated.

  559. 1416

  560. 1417

  561. 1418

  562. 1419

    Ecclus. iii. 30

  563. 1420

  564. 1421

    Fæno= hay.

  565. 1422

    Reading istud edentis; for which some editions give studentis = of one who studies it.

  566. 1423

    ,

  567. 1424

  568. 1425

  569. 1426

    Cf.

  570. 1427

    Ut aliquam observationem sermonis tui a nobis audire quæreres

  571. 1428

    Idiotarum

  572. 1429

    , ; ,

  573. 1430

    Reading sive sintoe qui appellantur, for which there occur such varieties of reading as these: sint athletæ qui appellantur = those who are called athletes; or sint æqui appellantur; or simply sint qui appellantur = whatever name they bear, whether actors, etc. The term sintæ, borrowed from the Greek Sintai = devourers, spoilers, may have been a word in common use among the Africans, as the Benedictine editors suggest, for designating some sort of coarse characters.

  574. 1431

    Thymelici, strictly = the musicians belonging to the thymele, or orchestra.

  575. 1432

    Reading incitatis favent, for which some mss. give incitati = excited themselves, they favor them; and others have incitantes = exciting them, they favor them.

  576. 1433

    Compare a passage in the Confessions, vi. 13.

  577. 1434

    Cf. ,

  578. 1435

  579. 1436

  580. 1437

  581. 1438

    Humanitate, = humanity, also occurs instead of humilitate.

  582. 1439

    Rather "spirits." See the correction made in the Retractations, ii. 14, as given above in the Introductory Notice.

  583. 1440

    The beatitatem is omitted by several mss.

  584. 1441

  585. 1442

    Jonah iii

  586. 1443

    Instead of pascunt the reading miscent, = mix, is also found.

  587. 1444

    ,

  588. 1445

  589. 1446

    Or = circumscribed, definitus.

  590. 1447

    Cf.

  591. 1448

    Hominem.

  592. 1449

  593. 1450

  594. 1451

    Or = community, civitas.

  595. 1452

    See Chapter xix.

  596. 1453

    ,

  597. 1454

    , , ; 1 Esdr. ii. 7; Bel. 41

  598. 1455

  599. 1456

  600. 1457

    ,

  601. 1458

  602. 1459

    Pro capite hominis, literally = "on" account of that head of man, etc.

  603. 1460

  604. 1461

    Instead of orationes; the better authenticated reading is adorationes.

  605. 1462

    ,

  606. 1463

    ; cf. ,

  607. 1464

  608. 1465

    Instead of dictus est the mss. give also electus est = was chosen to be.

  609. 1466

  610. 1467

    articuli = articles.

  611. 1468

  612. 1469

    Gratis.

  613. 1470

  614. 1471

    Reading ab eo; for which some editions give ab ea = from that humility.

  615. 1472

    There is a play in the words here: crucifixus est qui cruciatus nostros finivit.

  616. 1473

    Cf.

  617. 1474

  618. 1475

    In imagine.

  619. 1476

    Ex. xii

  620. 1477

  621. 1478

  622. 1479

    Acts ii

  623. 1480

    The reference evidently is to , where, however, it is only the people's intention that is noticed, and that only in the instance of the sick, and not of any individual actually dead.

  624. 1481

    ,

  625. 1482

    Adopting the Benedictine version, qui eos mansuetus passus fuerat, and taking it as a parallel to , . There is, however, great variety of reading here. Thus we find qui ante eos, etc. = who had suffered in meekness before them: qui pro eis, etc. = who had suffered in their stead: qui propter eos, etc. = who had suffered on their account: and qui per eos, etc. = who had suffered through them, etc. But the reading in the text appears best authenticated.

  626. 1483

    ;

  627. 1484

  628. 1485

  629. 1486

    Sed ex te ipso crede. It may also = but, on your side, do you believe.

  630. 1487

    Certisque ætatum incrementis, etc.

  631. 1488

    Reading sicut non erat; for which, however, cum non erat also occurs = seeing He was able to make it when it was not.

  632. 1489

    Corruptibilem corporis conditionem. But corruptibilis also occurs = the condition of a corruptible body.

  633. 1490

    Satietas. Some editions, however, give societas = the society.

  634. 1491

  635. 1492

  636. 1493

    Ad placendum Deo miserati animas suas, etc. Instead of miserati the reading miseranti also occurs = "to" the doing of the good pleasure of the God who takes pity on their souls. The Benedictine editors suggest that the whole clause is in reference to Ecclesiasticus xxx. 24, (23), which in the Latin runs thus: miserere animæ tuæ placens Deo.

  637. 1494

  638. 1495

    Cf.

  639. 1496

    Mathematicis

  640. 1497

    ,

  641. 1498

    Or = its (i.e. the law's) truth.

  642. 1499

    Adopting nam si in spectaculis cum illis esse cupiebas et eis inhærere. Another, but less weightily supported reading, is, nam si in spectaculis et vanitatibus insanorum certaminum illis cupiebas inhærere = for if in the public spectacles and vanities of mad struggles you wish to attach yourself closely to men, etc.

  643. 1500

    Bona via. Another and well authenticated rendering is, bona vita = the good life.

  644. 1501

    It has been supposed by the Benedictine editors that sane may be a misreading for salis. Whether that be or be not the case, the sacramentum intended here appears to be the sacramentum salis, in reference to which Neander (Church History iii. p. 458, Bohn's Translation) states that "in the North African Church the bishop gave to those whom he received as competentes, while signing the cross over them as a symbol of consecration, a portion of salt over which a blessing had been pronounced. This was to signify the divine word imparted to the candidates as the true salt for human nature." There is an allusion to the same in the Confessions (i. 11), where Augustin says, "Even from my mother's womb who greatly hoped in thee, I was signed with the sign of His cross, and seasoned with His salt."

  645. 1502

    Speciem = kind, in reference to the outward and sensible sign of the salt.

  646. 1503

    Adopting condiat, which unquestionably is the reading most accordant with the figure of the sacramental salt here dealt with. Some editions give condatur = what is hidden in it, i.e. in the said form of words.

  647. 1504

    Rom. ii . 4

  648. 1505

    Curiositas

  649. 1506

    Hominem

  650. 1507

  651. 1508

    Remediorum aut divinationum diabolicarum. Some editions insert sacrilegorum after remediorum = sacrilegious charms or divinations of devils.

  652. 1509

    Gratis.

  653. 1510

    Cf.

  654. 1511

    Many mss. omit the words: and holiness, and righteousness, and charity.

  655. 1512

    ,

  656. 1513

    One edition reads Dominum, the Lord, the Holy Spirit, etc., instead of donum.

  657. 1514

  658. 1515

    i.e.the third order of catechumens, embracing those thoroughly prepared for baptism.

  659. 1516

    Chap. x. § 24.

  660. 1517

  661. 1518

  662. 1519

    City of God, Bk. xxii. Ch. 21.

  663. 1520

    ; ; ;

  664. 1521

  665. 1522

    , according to the rendering of the Septuagint.

  666. 1523

    Naturam

  667. 1524

    Reading pulchre ordinatum. Some editions give pulchre ornatum = beautifully adorned.

  668. 1525

    Si mundum fabricare non posset. For si some mss. give qui = inasmuch as He could not, etc.

  669. 1526

    De limo = of mud.

  670. 1527

    Wisd. xi. 17

  671. 1528

    Speciosissima species = the seemliest semblance.

  672. 1529

  673. 1530

    ;

  674. 1531

    For qui several mss. give quibus here = "under" many other appellations is the Lord Jesus Christ introduced to our mental apprehensions, by which He is commended to our faith.

  675. 1532

    For Rector we also find Creator = Creator.

  676. 1533

    Wisd. vii. 27

  677. 1534

    Adopting the Benedictine version per ipsam innotescit dignis animis secretissimus Pater. There is, however, great variety of reading here. Some mss. give ignis for dignis = the most hidden fire of the Father is made known to minds. Others give signis = the most hidden Father is made known by signs to minds. Others have innotescit animus secretissimus Patris, or innotescit signis secretissimus Pater = the most hidden mind of the Father is made known by the same, or = the most hidden Father is made known by the same in signs.

  678. 1535

    Sonantia verba = sounding, vocal words.

  679. 1536

    Appetitum

  680. 1537

    Nostra notitia = our knowledge.

  681. 1538

    Reading conantes et verbis, etc. Three good mss. give conante fetu verbi = as the offspring of the word makes the attempt. The Benedictine editors suggest conantes fetu verbi = making the attempt by the offspring of the word.

  682. 1539

  683. 1540

    Wisd. viii. 1

  684. 1541

  685. 1542

    According to the literal meaning of the phrase ex tempore. It may, however, here be used as = under conditions of time, or in time.

  686. 1543

    Reading sempiterne: for which sempiternus = the eternal wise God, is also given.

  687. 1544

  688. 1545

    Condita et facta est

  689. 1546

    Condere and creare.

  690. 1547

  691. 1548

    Adopting in hominibus creavi. One important ms. gives in omnibus = amongst all.

  692. 1549

    , with creavit me instead of the possessed me of the English version.

  693. 1550

    Various editions give principium et caput Ecclesiæ est Christus = the beginning of His ways and the Head of the Church is Christ.

  694. 1551

    For via certa others give via recta = a right way.

  695. 1552

  696. 1553

    ,

  697. 1554

    Per ejus primatum = by means of His standing as the Firstborn. We follow the Benedictine reading, qui post ejus et per ejus primatum in Dei gratiam renascuntur. But there is another, although less authoritative, version, viz. qui post ejus primitias in Dei gratia nascimur = all of us who, subsequently to His first-fruits, are born in the grace of God.

  698. 1555

    ; ; ; ;

  699. 1556

    Id existens quod Pater est, etc. Another version is, idem existens quod Pater Deus = subsisting as the same that God the Father is.

  700. 1557

  701. 1558

    The term dispensatio occurs very frequently as the equivalent of the Greek oikonomia = economy, designating the Incarnation.

  702. 1559

  703. 1560

    Deserens. With less point, deferens has been suggested = bearing it, or delivering it.

  704. 1561

    Or it may = he should fail to have any relation to the salvation.

  705. 1562

    Referring to the Manicheans.

  706. 1563

  707. 1564

    ,

  708. 1565

  709. 1566

  710. 1567

  711. 1568

  712. 1569

    In reference to the Manicheans.

  713. 1570

    The Benedictine text gives, quibus intervenientibus habitat majestas Verbi ab humani corporis fragilitate secretius. Another well-supported version is, ad humani corporis fragilitatem, etc. = more retired in relation to the frailty of the human body.

  714. 1571

  715. 1572

    For monumenti some editions give testamenti = testament.

  716. 1573

  717. 1574

  718. 1575

  719. 1576

  720. 1577

  721. 1578

  722. 1579

    Adopting the Benedictine reading, quod ita spiritui subditum est. But several mss. give quia ita coaptandum est = it is understood to be a spiritual body, in that it is to be so adapted as to suit a heavenly habitation.

  723. 1580

    , according to the Vulgate's transposition of the negative.

  724. 1581

  725. 1582

  726. 1583

  727. 1584

    Reading propter iniquitates, labores atque cruciatus. Several mss. give propter iniquitatis labores, etc. = by reason of the labors and torments of unrighteousness.

  728. 1585

    Reading futura sit; for which fulsura sit also occurs = is destined to shine much more manifestly, etc.

  729. 1586

    The text gives simply ante mortem. Some editions insert nostram = previous to our death.

  730. 1587

  731. 1588

  732. 1589

    Instead of fideique commendata et divina generatione, etc., another, but weakly supported, version is, fide atque commendata divina, etc., which makes the sense = The faith, therefore, having been systematically disposed, and our Lord's divine generation and human dispensation having been commended to the understanding, etc.

  733. 1590

    Non minore natura quam Pater. The Benedictine editors suggest minor for minore = not inferior in nature, etc.

  734. 1591

  735. 1592

  736. 1593

  737. 1594

    Corporeum = corporeal.

  738. 1595

    Many mss., however, insert colamus after Deum in the closing sentence, sed unum Deum unamque substantiam. The sense then will be = and that nevertheless we should worship in that Trinity not three Gods, but one God and one substance.

  739. 1596

    Spiritales, for which religiosi = religious, is also sometimes given.

  740. 1597

    Non unus esset Pater et Filius, sed unum essent = how the Father and the Son were not one in person, but were one in essence.

  741. 1598

  742. 1599

    In reference probably to , where the Vulgate gives principium qui et loquor vobis as the literal equivalent for the Greek ?en archen ho, ti kai lalo huein

  743. 1600

  744. 1601

  745. 1602

  746. 1603

  747. 1604

  748. 1605

  749. 1606

  750. 1607

  751. 1608

  752. 1609

    . [See R.V.]

  753. 1610

    Or it may be = that the Son owes it to the Father that He is.

  754. 1611

    In reference, again, to Manichean errorists.

  755. 1612

    Patri cohoerendo = by close connection with the Father.

  756. 1613

  757. 1614

    . The word Dei = of God, is sometimes added here.

  758. 1615

  759. 1616

  760. 1617

  761. 1618

  762. 1619

  763. 1620

    ,

  764. 1621

    Instead of sanciuntur, which is the reading of the mss., some editions give sanctificantur = all things that are sanctified are sanctioned, etc.

  765. 1622

  766. 1623

  767. 1624

    Reading, with the mss. and the Benedictine editors, Hic enim regenerationem nostram dicit. Some editions give Hoc for Hic, and dicunt for dicit = for they say that this expresses our regeneration.

Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series I, Volume 3, ed. Philip Schaff (1886–89). Public domain. Text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library.