Apply – Archbilder

Apply

APPLY', verb transitive [Latin applico, of ad and plico, to fold or knit together; Gr. to knit, or twist; Eng. ply, display, and employ.]

1. To lay on; to put one thing to another; as, to apply the hand to the breast; to apply medicaments to a diseased part of the body.

2. To use or employ for a particular purpose, or in a particular case; as, to apply a sum of money to the payment of a debt.

3. To put, refer or use, as suitable or relative to something; as, to apply the testimony to the case.

4. To fix the mind; to engage and employ with attention; as, apply thy heart to instruction.

5. To address or direct; as, 'Sacred vows applied to Pluto.'

6. To betake; to give the chief part of time and attention; as, to apply one's self to the study of botany. This is essentially the fourth sense.

7. To make application; to have recourse by request; as, to apply one's self to a counsellor for advice. This is generally used intransitively; as, to apply to a counsellor.

8. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. obsolete

[Superseded by ply, which see.]

APPLY' verb intransitive

1. To suit; to agree; to have some connection, agreement or analogy; as, this argument applies well to the case.

2. To make request; to solicit; to have recourse, with a view to gain something; as, to apply to the president for an office; I applied to a friend for information.

Applying

APPLY'ING, participle present tense Laying on; making application.

Appoint

APPOINT', verb transitive

1. To fix; to settle; to establish; to make fast.

When he appointed the foundations of the earth. Proverbs 8:29.

2. To constitute, ordain, or fix by decree, order or decision.

Let Pharoah appoint officers over the land. Genesis 41:34.

He hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world. Acts 17:26.

3. To allot, assign or designate.

Aaron and his sons shall appoint every one to his service. Numbers 4:19.

These cities were appointed for all the children of Israel. Joshua 20:2.

4. To purpose or resolve; to fix the intention.

For so he had appointed. Acts 20:13.

5. To ordain, command or order.

Thy servants are ready to do whatever my Lord the King shall appoint 2 Samuel 15:15.

6. To settle; to fix, name or determine by agreement; as, they appointed a time and place for the meeting.

Appointable

APPOINT'ABLE, adjective That may be appointed or constituted; as, officers are appointable by the Executive.

Appointed

APPOINT'ED, participle passive

1. Fixed; set; established; decreed; ordained; constituted; allotted.

2. Furnished; equipped with things necessary; as, a ship or an army is well appointed

Appointee

APPOINTEE', noun

1. A person appointed. 'The commission authorizes them to make appointments, and pay the appointee '

2. A foot soldier in the French army, who, for long service and bravery, received more pay than other privates.

Appointer

APPOINT'ER, noun One who appoints.

Appointing

APPOINT'ING, participle present tense Setting; fixing; ordaining; constituting; assigning.

Appointment

APPOINT'MENT, noun

1. The act of appointing; designation to office; as, he erred by the appointment of suitable men.

2. Stipulation; assignation; the act of fixing by mutual agreement; as, they made an appointment to meet at six o'clock.

3. Decree; established order or constitution; as, it is our duty to submit to the divine appointments.

4. Direction; order; command.

Wheat, salt, wine and oil, let it be given according to the appointment of the priests. Ezekiel 6:1.

5. Equipment, furniture, as for a ship, or an army; whatever is appointed for use and management.

6. An allowance to a person; a salary or pension, as to a public officer.

An appointment differs from wages, in being a special grant, or gratification, not fixed, whereas wages are fixed and ordinary.

7. A devise or grant to a charitable use.

Apporter

APPO'RTER, noun [Latin porto.] A bringer in; one that brings into the country. [Not in use.]

Apportion

APPO'RTION, verb transitive [Latin ad and portio, portion. See Portion and Part.]

To divide and assign in just proportion; to distribute among two or more, a just part or share to each; as, to apportion undivided rights; to apportion time among various employments.

Apportioned

APPO'RTIONED, Divided; set out or assigned in suitable parts or shares.

Apportioner

APPO'RTIONER, noun One that apportions.

Apportioning

APPO'RTIONING, participle present tense Setting out in just proportions or shares.

Apportionment

APPO'RTIONMENT, noun The act of apportioning; a dividing into just proportions or shares; a dividing and assigning to each proprietor his just portion of an undivided right or property.

Appose

APPO'SE, verb transitive s as z. [Latin appono. See Apposite.]

1. To put questions; to examine. [See Post.]

2. To apply.

Apposer

APPO'SER, noun An examiner; one whose business is to put questions. In the English Court of Exchequer there is an officer called the foreign apposer This is ordinarily pronounced poser.

Apposite

AP'POSITE, adjective s as z. [Latin appositus, set or put to, from appono, of ad and pono, to put or place.]

Suitable; fit; very applicable; well adapted; followed by to; as, this argument is very opposite to the case.

Appositely

AP'POSITELY, adverb Suitably; fitly; properly.

Appositeness

AP'POSITENESS, noun Fitness; propriety; suitableness.

Apposition

APPOSI'TION, noun

1. The act of adding to; addition; a setting to.

By the opposition of new matter.

2. In Grammar, the placing of two nouns, in the same case, without a connecting word between them, as, I admire Cicero, the orator. In this case, the second noun explains or characterizes the first.

Appraise

APPRA'ISE, verb transitive [Latin ad and pretium, price. See Price and Appreciate.]

This word is written and often pronounced after the French and Italian manner. But generally it is pronounced more correctly apprize, directly from the Eng. price or prize. [See Apprize.]

To set a value; to estimate the worth, particularly by persons appointed for the purpose.

Appraisement

APPRA'ISEMENT, noun The act of setting the value; a valuation. [See Appreciate.]

Appraiser

APPRA'ISER, noun One who values; appropriately a person appointed and sworn to estimate and fix the value of goods and estate. [See Apprizer.]

Appreciable

APPRE'CIABLE, adjective apprishable. [See Appreciate.]

1. That may be appreciated; valuable.

2. That may be estimated; capable of being duly estimated.

Appreciate

APPRE'CIATE, verb transitive apprishate. [Latin ad and pretium, value, price. See Price.]

1. To value; to set a price or value on; to estimate; as, we seldom sufficiently appreciate the advantages we enjoy.

2. To raise the value of.

Lest a sudden peace should appreciate the money.

APPRE'CIATE, verb intransitive To rise in value; to become of more value; as, the coin of the country appreciates; public securities appreciated, when the debt was funded.

Appreciated

APPRE'CIATED, participle passive Valued; prized; estimated; advanced in value.

Appreciating

APPRE'CIATING, participle present tense Setting a value on; estimating; rising in value.

Appreciation

APPRECIA'TION, noun

1. A setting a value on; a just valuation or estimate of merit, weight, or any moral consideration.

2. A rising in value; increase of worth or value.

Apprehend

APPREHEND', verb transitive [Latin apprehendo, of ad and prehendo, to take or seize.]

1. To take or seize; to take hold of. In this literal sense, it is applied chiefly to taking or arresting persons by legal process, or with a view to trial; as to apprehend a thief.

2. To take with the understanding, that is, to conceive in the mine; to understand, without passing a judgment, or making an inference.

I apprehend not why so many and various laws are given.

3. To think; to believe or be of opinion, but without positive certainty; as, all this is true, but we apprehend it is not to the purpose.

Notwithstanding this declaration, we do not apprehend that we are guilty of presumption.

4. To fear; to entertain suspicion or fear of future evil; as, we apprehend calamities from a feeble or wicked administration.

Apprehended

APPREHEND'ED, participle passive Taken; seized; arrested; conceived; understood; feared.

Apprehender

APPREHEND'ER, noun One who takes; one who conceives in his mind; one who fears.

Apprehending

APPREHEND'ING, participle present tense Seizing; taking; conceiving; understanding; fearing.

Apprehensible

APPREHEN'SIBLE, adjective That may be apprehended or conceived.

Apprehension

APPREHEN'SION, noun

1. The act of taking or arresting; as, the felon, after his apprehension escaped.

2. The mere contemplation of things without affirming, denying, or passing any judgment; the operation of the mind in contemplating ideas, without comparing them with others, or referring them to external objects; simple intellection.

3. An inadequate or imperfect idea, as when the word is applied to our knowledge of God.

4. Opinion; conception; sentiments. In this sense, the word often denotes a belief, founded on sufficient evidence to give preponderation to the mind, but insufficient to induce certainty.

To be false, and to be thought false, is all one, in respect of men, who act not according to truth, but apprehension

In our apprehension the facts prove the issue.

5. The faculty by which new ideas are conceived; as, a man of dull apprehension

6. Fear; suspicion; the prospect of future evil, accompanied with uneasiness of mind.

Claudius was in no small apprehension for his own life.

Apprehensive

APPREHEN'SIVE, adjective

1. Quick to understand; as, an apprehensive scholar.

2. Fearful; in expectation of evil; as, we were apprehensive of fatal consequences.

[This is the usual sense of the word.]

3. Suspicious; inclined to believe; as, I am apprehensive he does not understand me.

4. Sensible; feeling; perceptive. [Rarely used.]

Apprehensively

APPREHEN'SIVELY, adverb In an apprehensive manner.

Apprehensiveness

APPREHEN'SIVENESS, noun The quality of being apprehensive; readiness to understand; fearfulness.

Apprentice

APPREN'TICE, noun [Latin apprehendo. See Apprehend.]

1. One who is bound by covenant to serve a mechanic, or other person, for a certain time, with a view to learn his art, mystery, or occupation, in which his master is bound to instruct him. Apprentices are regularly bound by indentures.

2. In old law books, a barrister; a learner of law.

APPREN'TICE, verb transitive To bind to, or put under the care of a master, for the purpose of instruction in the knowledge of a trade or business.

Apprenticehood

APPREN'TICEHOOD, noun Apprenticeship. [Not used.]

Apprenticeship

APPREN'TICESHIP, noun

1. The term for which an apprentice is bound to serve his master. This term in England is by statute seven years. In Paris, the term is five years; after which, the person, before he is qualified to exercise the trade as a master, must serve five years as a journeyman; during which term, he is called the companion of his master, and the term is called his companionship.

2. The service, state or condition of an apprentice; a state in which a person is gaining instruction under a master.

Apprentisage

APPREN'TISAGE, noun Apprenticeship. [Not used.]

Apprest

APPREST', [ad and pressed.]

In botany, pressed close; lying near the stem; or applying its upper surface to the stem.

Apprise

APPRI'SE, verb transitive s as z. [See Apprehend.]

To inform; to give notice, verbal or written; followed by of; as, we will apprise the general of an intended attack; he apprised the commander of what he had done.

Apprised

APPRI'SED, participle passive Informed; having notice or knowledge communicated.

Apprising

APPRI'SING, participle present tense Informing; communicating notice to.

Apprize

APPRI'ZE, verb transitive

To value; to set a value, in pursuance of authority. It is generally used for the act of valuing by men appointed for the purpose, under direction of law, or by agreement of parties; as, to apprize the goods and estate of a deceased person. The private act of valuing is ordinarily expressed by prize.

Apprized

APPRI'ZED, participle passive Valued; having the worth fixed by authorized persons.

Apprizement

APPRI'ZEMENT, noun

1. The act of setting a value under some authority or appointment; a valuation.

2. The rate at which a thing is valued; the value fixed, or valuation; as, he purchased the article at the apprizement

Apprizer

APPRI'ZER, noun a person appoointed to rate, or set a value on articles. When apprizers act under the authority of law, they must be sworn.

Apprizing

APPRI'ZING, participle present tense Rating; setting a value under authority.

APPRI'ZING, noun The act of valuing under authority.

Approach

APPROACH, verb intransitive [The Latin proximus contains the root, but the word, in the positive degree, is not found in the Latin. It is from a root in class Brg, signifying to drive, move, or press toward.]

1. To come or go near, in place; to draw near; to advance nearer.

Wherefore approached ye so nigh the city? 2 Samuel 11:20.

2. To draw near in time.

And so much the more as ye see the day approac. Hebrews 10:1.

3. To draw near, in a figurative sense; to advance near to a point aimed at, in science, literature, government, morals, etc.; to approximate; as, he approaches to the character of the ablest statesman.

4. To draw near in duty, as in prayer or worship.

They take delight in approaching to God. Isiah. 51.

APPROACH, verb transitive

1. To come near to; as, Pope approaches Virgil in smoothness of versification. This use of the word is elliptical, to being omitted, so that the verb can hardly be said to be transitive. The old use of the word, as 'approach the hand to the handle, ' is not legitimate.

2. To have access carnally. Leviticus 18:6.

3. In gardening, to ingraft a sprig or shoot of one tree into another, without cutting it from the parent stock.

APPROACH, n

1. The act of drawing near; a coming or advancing near; as, he was aprised of the enemy's approach

2. Access; as, the approach to kings.

3. In fortification, not only the advances of an army are called approaches, but the works thrown up by the beseigers, to protect them in their advances towards a fortress.

Approachable

APPROACHABLE, adjective That may be approached; accessible.

Approacher

APPROACHER, noun One who approaches or draws near.

Approaching

APPROACHING, participle present tense Drawing nearer; advancing nearer.

Approachment

APPROACHMENT, noun The act of coming near. [Little used.]

Approbate

AP'PROBATE, adjective [Latin approbatus.] Approved.

AP'PROBATE, verb transitive [Latin approbo, to approve, of ad and probo, to prove or approve. approbate is a modern word, but in common use in America. it differs from approve, denoting not only the act of the mind, but an expression of the act. See Proof, Approve and Prove.]

To express approbation of; to manifest a liking, or degree of satisfaction; to express approbation officially, as of one's fitness for a public trust.

Mr. Hutchison approbated the choice.

Approbated

AP'PROBATED, participle passive Approved; commended.

Approbating

AP'PROBATING, participle present tense Expressing approbation of.

Approbation

APPROBA'TION, noun [Latin approbatio. See Proof and Prove.]

1. The act of approving; a liking; that state or disposition of the mind, in which we assent to the propriety of a thing, with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; as, the laws of God require our approbation

2. Attestation; support; that is, active approbation or action in favor of what is approved.

3. The commendation of a book licensed or permitted to be published by authority, as was formerly the case in England.

Approbative

AP'PROBATIVE, adjective Approving; implying approbation.

Approbatory

AP'PROBATORY, adjective Comtaining approbation; expressing approbation.

Approff

APPROFF', noun Approval. [Not used.]

Apprompt

APPROMPT', Prompt. [Not used.]

Approperate

APPRO'PERATE, verb transitive [Latin appropero.] To hasten. [Not used.]

Appropinquate

APPROPIN'QUATE, verb intransitive ] Latin appropinquo.] To draw near. [Not used.]

Appropinquation

APPROPINQUA'TION, noun A drawing night. [Not used.]

Appropinque

APPROPINQUE, verb intransitive To approach. [Not used.]

Appropriable

APPRO'PRIABLE, adjective [From appropriate.]

That may be appropriated; that may be set apart, sequestered, or assigned exclusively to a particular use.

Appropriate

APPRO'PRIATE, verb transitive [Latin ad and proprius, private, peculiar. See Proper.]

1. To set apart for, or assign to a particular use, in exclusion of all other uses; as, a spot of ground is appropriated for a garden.

2. To take to one's self in exclusion of others; to claim or use as by an exclusive right.

Let no man appropriate the use of a common benefit.

3. To make peculiar; as, to appropriate names to ideas.

4. To sever an ecclesiastical benefice, and annex it to a spiritual corporation, sole or aggregate, being the patron of the living.

APPRO'PRIATE, adjective

1. Belonging peculiarly; peculiar; set apart for a particular use or person; as, religious worship is an appropriate duty to the Creator.

2. Most suitable, fit or proper; as, to use appropriate words in pleading.

Appropriated

APPRO'PRIATED, participle passive Assigned to a particular use; claimed or used exclusively; annexed to an ecclesiastical corporation.

Appropriateness

APPRO'PRIATENESS, noun Peculiar fitness; the quality of being appropriate, or peculiarly suitable.

Appropriating

APPRO'PRIATING, participle present tense Assigning to a particular person or use; claiming or using exclusively; severing to the perpetual use of an ecclesiastical corporation.

Appropriation

APPROPRIA'TION, noun

1. The act of sequestering, or assigning to a particular use or person, in exclusion of all others; application to a special use or purpose; as, of a piece of ground for a park; of a right, to one's self; or of words, to ideas.

2. In law, the severing or sequestering of a benefice to the perpetual use of a spiritual corporation, sole or aggregate, being the patron of the living. For this purpose must be obtained the king's license, the consent of the bishop and of the patron. When the appropriation is thus made, the appropriator and his successors become perpetual parsons of the church, and must sue and be sued in that name.

Appropriator

APPRO'PRIATOR, noun

1. One who appropriates.

2. One who is possessed of an appropriated benefice.

Approprietary

APPRO'PRIETARY, noun A lay possessor of the profits of a benefice.

Approvable

APPROV'ABLE, adjective [See Approve.]

That may be approved; that merits approbation.

Approval

APPROV'AL, noun Approbation. [See Approve.]

Approvance

APPROV'ANCE, noun Approbation. [See Approve.]

Approve

APPROVE', verb transitive [Latin approbo; of ad and probo, to prove or approve See Approbate, Prove and Proof.]

1. To like; to be pleased with; to admit the propriety of; as, we approve the measures of administration. This word may include, with the assent of the mind to the propriety, a commendation to others.

2. To prove; to show to be true; to justify.

Would'st thou approve thy constancy? approve first thy wisdom.

[This sense, though common a century or two ago, is now rare.]

3. To experience; to prove by trial. [Not used. See Prove.]

4. To make or show to be worthy of approbation; to commend.

Jesus, a man approved of God. Acts 2:22.

This word seems to include the idea of Christ's real office as the Messiah, and of God's love and approbation of him in that character.

5. To like and sustain as right; to commend.

Yet their posterity approve their sayings. Psalms 49:13.

This word, when it signifies to be pleased, is often followed by of, in which use, it is intransitive; as, I approve of the measure. But the tendency of modern usage is to omit of. 'I approve the measure.'

6. To improve.

Approved

APPROV'ED, participle passive Liked; commended; shown or proved to be worthy of approbation; having the approbation and support of.

Study to show thyself approved to God. 2 Timothy 2:15.

Not he that commendeth himself is approved 2 Corinthians 10:18.

Approvement

APPROVE'MENT, noun

1. Approbation; liking.

2. In law, when a person indicated for felony or treason, and arraigned, confesses the fact before plea pleaded, and appeals or accuses his accomplices of the same crime, to obtain his pardon, this confession and accusation are called approvement and the person an approver.

3. Improvement of common lands, by inclosing and converting them to the uses of husbandry.

Approver

APPROV'ER, noun

1. One who approves. Formerly one who proves or makes trial.

2. In law, one who confesses a crime and accuses another. [See Approvement.] Also, formerly, one who had the letting of the king's domains in small manors. In Stat. 1. Edw. 3. C. 8, sheriffs are called approvers. A bailiff or steward of a manor.

Approving

APPROV'ING, participle present tense Liking; commending; giving or expressing approbation.

APPROV'ING, adjective Yielding approbation; as an approving conscience.

Approximant

APPROX'IMANT, adjective Approaching. [Not used.]

Approximate

APPROX'IMATE, adjective [Latin ad and proximus, next. See approach.]

Nearest to; next; near to. [This word is superseded by proximate.]

APPROX'IMATE, verb transitive To carry or advance near; to cause to approach.

To approximate the inequality of riches to the level of nature.

APPROX'IMATE, verb intransitive To come near; to approach.

Approximation

APPROXIMA'TION, noun

1. Approach; a drawing, moving or advancing near.

2. In arithmetic and algebra, a continual approach or coming nearer and nearer to a root or other quantity, without being able perhaps ever to arrive at it.

3. In medicine, communication of disease by contact.

4. A mode of cure by transplanting a disease into an animal or vegetable by immediate contact.

Approximative

APPROX'IMATIVE, adjective Approaching; that approaches.

Appulse

APPULSE, noun appuls; . [Latin appulsus, of ad and pello, to drive.]

1. The act of striking against; as in all consonants there is an appulse of he organs.

2. In astronomy, the approach of any planet to a conjunction with the sun, or a star.

3. Arrival; landing.

Appulsion

APPUL'SION, noun The act of striking against by a moving body.

Appulsive

APPUL'SIVE, adjective Striking against; driving towards; as, the appulsive influence of the planets.

Appurtenance

APPUR'TENANCE, noun so written for appertenance. See Appertain.]

That which belongs to something else; an adjunct; an appendage. Appropriately, such buildings, rights and improvements, as belong to land, are called the appurtenances; as small buildings are the appurtenances of a mansion.

Appurtenant

APPUR'TENANT, adjective

1. Belonging to; pertaining to of right.

2. In law, common appurtenant is that which is annexed to land, and can be claimed only by prescription or immemorial usage, or a legal presumption of a special grant.

Apricate

A'PRICATE, verb intransitive [Latin apricor.] To bask in the sun. [Little used.]

Apricity

APRIC'ITY, noun Sunshine. [Little used.]

Apricot

A'PRICOT, noun

A fruit belonging to the genus Prunus, of the plum kind, of an oval figure, and delicious taste.

April

A'PRIL, noun [Latin aprilis.] The fourth month of the year.

Apron

A'PRON, noun

1. A cloth or piece of leather worn on the forepart of the body, to keep the clothes clean, or defend them from injury.

2. The fat skin covering the belly of a goose.

3. In gunnery, a flat piece of lead that covers the vent of a cannon.

4. In ships, a piece of curved timber, just above the foremost end of the keel.

5. A platform, or flooring of plank, at the entrance of a dock, on which the dock gates are shut.

6. A piece of lether or other thing to be spread before a person riding in a gig, chaise or sulky, to defend him from rain, snow or dust.

Apron-Man

A'PRON-MAN, noun A man who wears an apron; a laboring man; a mechanic.

Aproned

A'PRONED, adjective Wearing an apron.

Apropos

AP'ROPOS, adverb ap'ropo.

1. Opportunely; seasonably.

2. By the way; to the purpose; a word used to introduce an incidental observation, suited to the occasion, though not strictly belonging to the narration.

Apsis

AP'SIS, noun plu apsides. [Gr. connection, from to connect.]

1. In astronomy, the apsides are the two points of a planet's orbit, which are at the greatest and least distance from the sun or earth; the most distant point is the aphelion, or apogee; the least distant, the perihelion or perigee. The line connecting these is called the line of the apsides.

2. apsis or absis is the arched roof of a house, room or oven; also the ring or compass of a wheel.

3. In ecclesiastical writers, an inner part of a church, where the altar was placed, and where the clergy sat, answering to the choir and standing opposite to the nave. Also, the bishop's seat or throne in ancient churches; called also exedra and tribune. This same name was given to a reliquary or case in which the relics of saints were kept.

Apt

APT, adjective [Latin aptus, from apto, to fit. Gr. to tie.]

1. Fit; suitable; as, he used very apt metaphors.

2. Having a tendency; liable; used of things; as, wheat on moist land is apt to blast or be winter-killed.

3. Inclined; disposed customarily; used of persons; as, men are too apt to slander others.

4. Ready; quick; used of the mental powers; as, a pupil apt to learn; an opt wit.

5. Qualified; fit.

All the men of might, strong and apt for war. 2 Kings 24:16.

APT, verb transitive To fit; to suit or adapt. obsolete

Aptable

APT'ABLE, adjective That may be adapted. [Not used.]

Aptate

AP'TATE, verb transitive To make fit. [Not used.]

Apter

AP'TER,

AP'TERA, noun [Gr. priv. and a wing.]

An insect without wings. The aptera, constituting the seventh order of insects in Linne's system, comprehend many genera. But later zoologists have made a very different distribution of these animals.

Aptera

AP'TERA, n. [Gr. priv. and a wing.] An insect without wings. The aptera, constituting the seventh order of insects in Linne's system, comprehend many genera. But later zoologists have made a very different distribution of these animals.

Apteral

AP'TERAL, adjective [Supra.] Destitute of wings.

Aptitude

APT'ITUDE, noun [of aptus, apt.]

1. A natural or acquired disposition for a particular purpose, or tendency to a particular action or effect; as, oil has an aptitude to burn; men acquire an aptitude to particular vices.

2. Fitness; suitableness.

3. Aptness; readiness in learning; docility.

Aptly

APT'LY, adverb In an apt or suitable manner; with just correspondence of parts; fitly; properly; justly; pertinently.

Aptness

APT'NESS, noun

1. Fitness; suitableness; as, the aptness of things to their end.

2. Disposition of the mind; propensity; as, the aptness of men to follow example.

3. Quickness of apprehension; readiness in learning; docility; as, an aptness to learn is more observable in some children than in others.

4. Tendency, in things; as, the aptness of iron to rust.

Aptote

AP'TOTE, noun [Gr. priv, and case.]

In grammar, a noun which has no variation of termination, or distinction of cases; an indeclinable noun.

Apyrexy

AP'YREXY, noun [Gr. a priv., to be feverish, from fire.]

The absence or intermission of fever.

Apyrous

AP'YROUS, adjective [Gr. priv. and fire.]

Incombustible, or that sustains a strong heat without alteration of form or properties.

Apyrous bodies differ from those simply refractory. Refractory bodies cannot be fused by heat, but may be altered.

Aqua

A'QUA, noun [Latin aqua ]

Water; a word much used in pharmacy, and the old chimistry.

Aqua fortis, in the old chimistry, is now called nitric acid.

Aqua marina, a name which jewelers give to the beryl, on account of its color.

Aqua regia, in the old chimistry, is now called nitro-muriatic acid.

Aqua vitae, brandy, or spirit of wine.

Aquarian

AQUA'RIAN, noun One of a sect of christians, in the primitive church, who consecrated water in the eucharist instead of wine; either under a pretense of abstinence, or because it was unlawful to drink wine.

Aquarius

AQUA'RIUS, noun [Latin] The water bearer; a sign in the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st day of January; so called from the rains which prevail at that season, in Italy and the East. The stars in this constellation according to Ptolenty, are 45; according to Tycho Brahe, 41; according to Hevelius, 45; and according to Flamstead, 108.

Aquatic

AQUAT'IC, adjective [Latin aquaticus. See Aqua.]

Pertaining to water; applied to animals which live in water, as fishes; or to such as frequent it, as aquatic fowls; applied to plants, it denotes such as grown in water. Aquatical is rarely used.

AQUAT'IC, noun A plant which grows in water, as the flag.

Aquatile

AQ'UATILE, adjective That inhabits the water. [Rarely used.]

Aquatinta

AQUATINT'A, noun [aqua, water. See tincture.]

A method of etching on copper, by which a beautiful effect is produced, resembling a fine drawing in water colors or Indian ink. This is performed with a powder of asphalt and fine transparent rosin sifted on the plate, which is a little greased; the loose powder being shaken off, the plate is heated over a chafing dish; and when cool, the light places on the plate are covered with a hair pencil, dipped in turpentine varnish mixed with ivory black. A rim is then raised with bees wax, and reduced nitrous acid is poured on, and suffered to stand five minutes; then poured off, and the plate dried. This process with the pencil and the aqua fortis is to be repeated till the darkest shades are produced.

Aqueduct

AQ'UEDUCT, noun [Latin aqua, water, and ductus, a pipe or canal, from duco, to lead. See Duke.]

A structure made for conveying water from one place to another over uneven ground; either above or under the surface. It may be either a pipe or a channel. It may be constructed above ground of stone or wood; carried through hills by piercing them, and over valleys, by a structure supported by props or arches. some have been formed with three conduits on the same line, elevated one above another.

Aqueous

A'QUEOUS, adjective Watery; partaking of the nature of water, or abounding with it.

Aqueousness

A'QUEOUSNESS, noun The quality of being watery; waterishness; wateriness.

Aquila

AQ'UILA, noun [Latin whence aquilinus.]

In ornithology, the eagle. Also a northern constellation containing, according to the British catalogue, 71 stars.

Aquiline

AQ'UILINE, adjective [Latin aquilinus. See aquila.]

1. Belonging to the eagle.

2. Curving; hooked; prominent, like the beak of an eagle.

Aquilon

AQ'UILON, noun [Latin aquilo.] The north wind.

Aquitanian

AQUITA'NIAN, adjective Pertaining to Aquitania, one of the great divisions of Gaul, which, according to Cesar, lay between the Garonne, the Pyrenees and the Ocean. In modern days, it has been called Gascony. The inhabitants, in Cesar's time, spoke a different dialect from that of the proper Celts, between the Garonne and Seine. This dialect bore an affinity to the Basque, in Biscay, to which they were contiguous; and some remains of it still exist in the Gascon. Aquitania is the country of the Aqui; from the name of the people, with tan, a Celtic word, signifying region or country. The Romans, either from their general usage, or from not understanding the Celtic tan, annexed another termination signifying country. Heb. ai, a settlement or habitation; Gr. land, country.

A.R. stand for anno regni, the year of the king's reign; as adjective R.G.R. 20, in the 20th year of the reign of king George.

Arabesky

ARABESK'Y, adjective [See Arabian.]

1. In the manner of the Arabians; applied to ornaments consisting of imaginary foliage, stalks, plants, etc., in which there are no figures of animals.

2. The Arabic language. [Not in use.]

Arabesque

ARABESQUE,

ARA'BIAN, adjective [See the noun.] Pertaining to Arabia.

ARA'BIAN, noun [Arab denotes a wanderer, or a dweller in a desert.] A native of Arabia; an Arab.

Arabian

ARA'BIAN, a. [See the noun.] Pertaining to Arabia.

ARA'BIAN, n. [Arab denotes a wanderer, or a dweller in a desert.] A native of Arabia; an Arab.

Arabic

AR'ABIC, adjective Belonging to Arabia, or the language of its inhabitants.

AR'ABIC, noun The language of the Arabians.

Arabically

ARAB'ICALLY, adverb In the Arabian manner.

Arabism

AR'ABISM, noun An Arabic idiom or peculiarity of language.

Arabist

AR'ABIST, noun One well versed in Arabic literature.

Arable

AR'ABLE, adjective [Latin aro, Gr. to plow.]

Fit for plowing or tillage; hence often applied to land which has been plowed.

Araby

AR'ABY, noun Arabia.

Arachnoid

ARACH'NOID, adjective [Gr. a spider, and from; Heb. to weave, that is to stretch, to draw out; Eng. reach.]

In anatomy, the arachnoid tunic, or arachnoid is a semitransparent thin membrane which is spread over the brain and piamater, and for the most part closely connected with the latter. The term has also been applied to that capsule of the crystalline lens, which is a continuation of the hyaloid membrane.

ARACH'NOID, noun A species of madrepore found fossil.

Arachosian

ARACHO'SIAN, adjective Designating a chain of mountains which divide Persia from India.

Araignee

ARAIGNEE' or ARRA'IGN, noun ardin.

In fortification, the branch, return or gallery of a mine.

Araise

ARA'ISE, verb transitive To raise. [Not used.]

Aramean

ARAME'AN, adjective Pertaining to Aram, a son of Shem, or to the Chaldeans.

Aramism

AR'AMISM, noun An idiom of the Aramean or Chaldee language; a Chaldaism.

Araneous

ARA'NEOUS, adjective [Latin aransea, a spider, or cobweb.] Resembling a cobweb.

Araucanian

ARAUCA'NIAN, a Pertaining to the Araucanians, a tribe of aboriginals, inhabiting Arauco, in Chili.

Arbalist

'ARBALIST, noun [From arcus, a bow, and balista, Latin , an engine to throw stones; Gr. to throw.]

A cross-bow. This consists of a steel bow set in a shaft of wood, furnished with a string and a trigger; and is bent with a piece of iron. It serves to throw bullets, darts, arrows, etc.

Arbalister

'ARBALISTER, noun A cross-bowman.

Arbiter

'ARBITER, noun [Latin]

1. A person appointed, or chosen by parties in controversy, to decide their differences. This is its sense in the civil law. In modern usage, arbitrator is the technical word.

2. In a general sense, now most common, a person who has the power of judging and determining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.

3. One that commands the destiny, or holds the empire of a nation or state.

Arbitrable

'ARBITRABLE, adjective Arbitrary; depending on the will.

Arbitrament

ARBIT'RAMENT, noun

1. Will; determination.

2. The award of arbitrators. In this sense award is more generally used.

Arbitrarily

'ARBITRARILY, adverb By will only; despotically; absolutely.

Arbitrariness

'ARBITRARINESS, noun The quality of being arbitrary; despoticalness; tyranny.

Arbitrarious

ARBITRA'RIOUS, adjective Arbitrary; despotic. [Not used.]

Arbitrariously

ARBITRA'RIOUSLY, adverb Arbitrarily. [Not used.]

Arbitrary

ARBITRARY, adjective [Latin arbitrarious.]

1. Depending on will or discretion; not governed by any fixed rules; as, an arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment.

ARBITRARY power is most easily established on the ruins of liberty abused to licentiousness.

2. Despotic; absolute in power; having no external control; as, an arbitrary prince or government.

Arbitrate

'ARBITRATE, verb intransitive [Latin arbitror.]

To hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose men to arbitrate between us.

'ARBITRATE, verb transitive to decide; to determine; to judge of.

Arbitration

ARBITRA'TION, noun

1. The hearing and determination of a cause between parties in controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties. This may be done by one person; but it is usual to choose two or three; or for each party to choose one, and these to name a third, who is called the umpire. Their determination is called an award.

2. A hearing before arbitrators, though they make no award. [This is a common use of the word in the United States.

Arbitrator

'ARBITRATOR, noun A person chosen by a party, or by the parties who have a controversy, to determine their differences. The act of the parties in giving power to the arbitrators is called the submission, and this may be verbal or written. The person chosen as umpire, by two arbitrators, when the parties do not agree, is also called an arbitrator

2. An arbiter, governor, or president.

3. In a more extensive sense, an arbiter; one who has the power of deciding or prescribing without control.

Arbitress

'ARBITRESS, noun A female arbiter.

Arbor

'ARBOR, noun [Latin arbor a tree, and the primary sense.]

1. A frame of lattice work, covered with vines, branches of trees or other plants, for shade; a bower.

2. In botany, a tree, as distinguished from a shrub. The distinction which Linne makes, that a tree springs up with a bud on the stem, and a shrub not, is found not to hold universally; and the tree, in popular understanding, differs from the shrub only in size. arbor forms the seventh family of vegetables in Linne's system. [See Tree.]

3. In mechanics, the principal part of a machine, sustaining the rest. Also the axis or spindle of a machine, as of a crane, or windmill.

This in America is called the shaft.

Arborator

'ARBORATOR, noun One who plants or who prunes trees.

Arboreous

ARBO'REOUS, adjective [Latin arborecus, from arbor.]

Belonging to a tree; resembling a tree; constituting a tree; growing on trees, as moss is arboreous

Arborescence

ARBORES'CENCE, noun [Latin arboresco, to grow to a tree.]

The figure of a tree; the resemblance of a tree in minerals, or crystalizations or groups of crystals in that form.

Arborescent

ARBORES'CENT, adjective

1. Resembling a tree; having the figure of a tree; dendritical.

2. From herbaceous becoming woody.

ARBORES'CENT STAR-FISH, noun a species of asterias, called also caput Medusae. [See Starfish.]

Arboret

'ARBORET, noun

A small tree or shrub; a place planted or overgrown with trees.

Arborist

'ARBORIST, noun One who makes trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge of trees.

Arborization

ARBORIZA'TION, noun The appearance or figure of a tree or plant in minerals, or fossils. [See Herborization.]

Arborize

'ARBORIZE, verb transitive To form the appearance of a tree or plant in minerals.

Arbuscle

'ARBUSCLE, noun [Latin arbusculus, a little tree.]

A dwarf tree, in size between a shrub and a tree.

Arbuscular

ARBUS'CULAR, adjective Resembling a shrub; having the figure of small trees.

Arbustive

ARBUST'IVE, adjective [From arbustum.]

Containing copses of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs.

Arbustum

ARBUST'UM, noun [Latin See Arbor.] A copse of shrubs or trees; an orchard.

Arbute

'ARBUTE, noun [Latin arbutus.] The strawberry tree.

Arbutean

ARBU'TEAN, adjective Pertaining to the strawberry tree.

Arc

'ARC, noun [Latin arcus, a bow, vault or arch; arcuo, to bend; Gr. beginning, origin; to begin, to be the author or chief. The Greek word has a different application, but is probably from the same root as arcus, from the sense of springing or stretching, shooting up, rising, which gives the sense of a vault, or bow, as well as of chief or head. Heb. to weave; to desire, or long for, to ascend. Gr.; Latin fragro; and the sense of arch is from stretching upwards, ascending. From arc or arch comes the sense of bending, deviating and cunning.]

In geometry, any part of the circumference of a circle, or curved line, lying from one point to another; a segment, or part of a circle, not more than a semicircle.

Arcade

ARCA'DE, noun A long or continued arch; a walk arched above.

Arcadian

ARCA'DIAN,

ARCA'DIC, adjective Pertaining to Arcadia, a mountainous district in the heart of the Peloponnesus.

Arcadic

ARCA'DIC, a. Pertaining to Arcadia, a mountainous district in the heart of the Peloponnesus.

Arcadics

ARCA'DICS, noun The title of a book in Pausanias, which treats of Arcadia.

Arcane

ARCA'NE, adjective [Latin arcanus.] Hidden, secret. [Not much used.]

Arcanum

ARCA'NUM, noun [Latin] A secret; generally used in the plural, arcana, secret things, mysteries.

Arcboutant

ARCBOUTANT, noun [See About, Abutment.] In building, an arched buttress.

Arch

'ARCH, noun [See Arc.]

1. A segment or part of a circle. A concave or hollow structure of stone or brick, supported by its own curve. It may be constructed of wood, and supported by the mechanism of the work. This species of structure is much used in bridges.

A vault is properly a board arch

2. The space between two piers of a bridge, when arched; or any place covered with an arch

3. Any curvature, in form of an arch

4. The vault of heaven, or sky.

Triumphal arches are magnificent structures at the entrance of cities, erected to adorn a triumph and perpetuate the memory of the event.

'ARCH, verb transitive To cover with an arch; to form with a curve; as to arch a gate.

'ARCH, verb intransitive To make an arch or arches; as, to arch beneath the sand.

'ARCH, adjective [Latin arcus, a bow; Eng. rogue.]

Cunning; sly; shrewd; waggish; mischievous for sport; mirthful; as we say in popular language, roguish; as an arch lad.

'ARCH, adjective Used also in composition. [Gr. chief.]

Chief; of the first class; principal; as, an arch deed.

Shakespeare uses this word as a noun; 'My worthy arch and patrons; ' but the use is not authorized.

Archaism

'ARCHAISM, noun [Gr. ancient, from beginning.]

An ancient or obsolete phrase or expression.

Archangel

ARCHAN'GEL, noun

1. An angel of the highest order; an angel occupying the eighth rank in the celestiai hierarchy.

2. The name of several plants, as the dead-nettle, or lamium; a species of melittis; and the galeopsis or hedge-nettle.

Archangelic

ARCHANGEL'IC, adjective Belonging to archangels.

Archapostate

ARCHAPOS'TATE, noun A chief apostate.

Archapostle

ARCHAPOS'TLE, noun The chief apostle.

Archarchitect

ARCH'ARCHITECT, noun The supreme architect.

Archbeacon

ARCHBE'ACON, noun The chief beacon, place of prospect or signal.

Archbilder

ARCHBILD'ER, noun Chief builder.