Ζ

Ζ

Ζ, ζ, ζῆτα, τό,

zeta, the sixth letter. As a numeral, ζ́ʹ = ἑπτά, ἕβδομος (the obsol. ϛ, Ϝ, vau, "digamma," representing ἕξ), ζ́͵ = 7000.

ζάω

ζάω, -ῶ, [in LXX chiefly for חיה (most freq. ptcp., ζῶν, inf., ζῆν, for חַי);]

prop., to live, be alive (v. Syn., s.v. βίος; in cl. usually of animal life, but sometimes of plants, as Arist., Eth. N, i, 7, 12): Acts 20:12, Romans 7:1–3, 1 Corinthians 7:39, Revelation 19:20, al.; ἐν αὐτῷ ζῶμεν, Acts 17:28; ἐμοὶ τὸ ζῆν Χριστός, Philippians 1:21; διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν (M, Pr., 215, 249), Hebrews 2:15; ὃ δὲ νῦν ζῶ ἐν σαρκί, Galatians 2:20; ζῇ ἐν ἐμοὶ Χριστός, Galatians 2:20; (ὁ) ζῶν, of God (אֵל חַי and cognate phrases, Joshua 3:10, Hosea 2:1 (Hosea 1:10), Isaiah 37:4, al.; v. DCG, ii, 39a), Matthew 16:16, John 6:57, Romans 9:26, 1 Thessalonians 1:9, Hebrews 3:12, Revelation 7:2, al.; in juristic phrase, ζῶ ἐγώ (חַי־אָנִי, Numbers 14:21, al.), as I live, Romans 14:11; ζῆν ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ, Matthew 4:4, al.; ἐκ, 1 Corinthians 9:14; of coming to life, Mark 16:11, Romans 6:10 Romans 14:9, 2 Corinthians 13:4; opp. to νεκρός, Revelation 1:18 Revelation 2:8; metaph., Luke 15:32; ζῆν ἐκ νεκρῶν, Romans 6:13; of the spiritual life of Christians, Luke 10:28, John 5:25, Romans 1:17 Romans 8:13; εἰς τ. αἰῶνα, John 6:51, John 6:58; σὺν Χριστῷ, 1 Thessalonians 5:10; ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς, Revelation 3:1.

As sometimes in cl., = βιόω, to live, pass one's life: Luke 2:36, Acts 26:5, Romans 7:9, Colossians 2:20; ἐν πίστει, Galatians 2:20; ἐν τ. ἁμαρτίᾳ, Romans 6:2; εὐσεβῶς, 2 Timothy 3:12; ἀσώτως, Luke 15:13; c. dat. (cl.), ἑαυτῳ (Field, Notes, 164), Romans 14:7, 2 Corinthians 5:15; τ. θεῷ, Luke 20:38, Romans 6:10, Romans 6:11, Galatians 2:19; τ. Χριστῷ, 2 Corinthians 5:15; τ. δικαιοσύνῃ, 1 Peter 2:24; πνεύματι, Galatians 5:25; κατὰ σάρκα, Romans 8:12, Romans 8:13;

Of inanimate things, metaph.: ὕδωρ ζῶν (i.e. springing water, as opp. to still water), in a spiritual sense, John 4:10, John 4:11 John 7:38 (DCG, ii, 39 f.): ἐλπὶς ζῶσα, 1 Peter 1:3; ὁδὸς ζῶσα, Hebrews 10:20 (cf. ἀνα-, συν-ζάω; Cremer, 270, 721).

ζέω

ζέω [in LXX for רוּם, רתח, metaph., IV Mac 18:20;]

to boil, be hot; metaph., of anger, love, zeal: ptcp., fervent: τ. πνεύματι, Acts 18:25, Romans 12:11.†

ζήτημα

ζήτημα, -τος, τό (< ζητέω), [in LXX: ζ. τίθεσθαι (דּרשׁ ni.), Ezekiel 36:37 A*;]

an inquiry, question: Acts 15:2 Acts 18:15 Acts 23:29 Acts 25:19 Acts 26:3.†

ζήτησις

* ζήτησις, -εως, ἡ (< ζητέω).

a seeking, search.

a questioning, inquiry, debate: Acts 15:2, Acts 15:7, 2 Timothy 2:23, Titus 3:9; seq. περί, John 3:25, Acts 25:20, 1 Timothy 6:4.†

ζόφος

** ζόφος, -ου, ὁ (akin to γνόφος, q.v.), [in Sm.: Exodus 10:22, Job 28:3, Psalms 11:2 Psalms 91:6, Isaiah 59:9*;]

in Hom. the gloom of the under-world; hence, darkness, deep gloom (poët. and late prose writers): Hebrews 12:18, 2 Peter 2:4, 2 Peter 2:17, Jude 1:6, Jude 1:13.†

ζύμη

ζύμη, -ης, ἡ, [in LXX for חָמֵץ, Exodus 12:15 Exodus 13:3 Exodus 23:18 Exodus 34:25, Deuteronomy 16:3; שְׂאֹר, Exodus 12:15, Exodus 12:19 Exodus 13:7, Leviticus 2:11, Deuteronomy 16:4*;]

leaven: Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21; τ. ἄρτου, Matthew 16:12. Metaph., of a moral influence or tendency, always, exc. in the Parable of the Leaven (Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21), for evil: 1 Corinthians 5:6–8, Galatians 5:9; ζ. τ. Φαρισαίων, Matthew 16:6, Matthew 16:11, Mark 8:15, Luke 12:1 (Cremer, 723).†

ζώνη

ζώνη, -ης, ἡ (ζώννυμι) [in LXX for אַבְנֵט, חֲגוֹרָה, etc.;]

a belt, girdle: Matthew 3:4, Mark 1:6, Acts 21:11, Revelation 1:13 Revelation 15:6; as a receptacle for money, Matthew 10:9, Mark 6:8.†

ζώννυμι

ζώννυμι and ζωννύω [in LXX chiefly for חגר;]

to gird: c. acc. pers., John 21:18. Mid., to gird oneself: Acts 12:8 (cf. ἀνα-, δια-, περι-, ὑπο-ζώννυμι).†

Ζαβουλών

Ζαβουλών, ὁ indecl. (Heb. זְבֻלוּן v. Genesis 30:20)

Zebulun, Jacob's tenth son: the tribe of Z., Matthew 4:13, Matthew 4:15, Revelation 7:8.†

Ζακχαῖος

Ζακχαῖος, -ου, ὁ (Heb. זַכִּי, cf. Nehemiah 7:14, I Es 2:9, LXX Ζακχού),

Zaccai, Zacchaeus, a publican: Luke 19:2, Luke 19:5, Luke 19:8 (cf. II Mac 10:19).†

Ζαρά

Ζαρά, ὁ indecl. (Heb. זֶרַח, Genesis 38:30),

Zerah, an ancestor of Jesus: Matthew 1:3.†

ζαφθανεί

ζαφθανεί (cf. Heb. עֲזַבְתַּנִי),

zaphthanei: Matthew 27:46 (WH, mg., for Rec. σεβαχθανεί, q.v.; "probably an attempt to reproduce the Heb. as disting from Aram. forms," WH, Notes, 21; cf. also Dalman, Words, 53 f.).†

Ζαχαρίας

Ζαχαρίας, -ου, ὁ (Heb. זְכַרְיָה, זְכַרְיָהוּ);

Zacharias, father of John the Baptist: Luke 1:5, Luke 1:12, Luke 1:13, Luke 1:18, Luke 1:21, Luke 1:40, Luke 1:59, Luke 1:67 Luke 3:2.

Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada (in txt. wrongly called son of Barachiah; cf. 2 Chronicles 24:19 ff.): Matthew 23:35, Luke 11:51.†

ζβέννυμι

ζβέννυμι, for σβ-,

1 Thessalonians 5:19 T (v. WH, Notes, 148).†

Ζεύς

Ζεύς

gen., Διός, dat., Διΐ, acc., Δία (Δίαν, D, al.),

Zeus (Lat. Jupiter): Acts 14:12, Acts 14:13.†

Ζεβεδαῖος

Ζεβεδαῖος, -ου, ὁ (Heb. זְבַדְיָה; LXX: Ζαβδειά, Ezra 8:8 Ezra 10:20; Ζαβαδαῖας, I Es 9:35; Ζαβαδαῖος, I Es 9:21),

Zebedee, father of James and John the Apostles: Matthew 4:21 Matthew 10:2 Matthew 20:20 Matthew 26:37 Matthew 27:56, Mark 1:19, Mark 1:20 Mark 3:17 Mark 10:35, Luke 5:10, John 21:2.†

ζεστός

**† ζεστός, -ή, -όν (ζέω), [in Aq.: Leviticus 6:21 (14); in Al.: Leviticus 7:12*;]

boiling hot (Strab., al.): metaph., Revelation 3:15, 16.†

ζεῦγος

ζεῦγος, -εος (-ους), τό (< ζεύγνυμι, to yoke), [in LXX chiefly for צֶמֶד, Judges 19:3, al.;]

a yoke of beasts: Luke 14:19.

a pair of anything, Luke 2:24(LXX).†

ζευκτήριος

*† ζευκτήριος, -α -ον (< ζεύγνυμι),

fit for joining. As subst.,

ζευκτήριον, τό = ζυγόν, a yoke;

ζευκτηρία, -ας, ἡ = ζεύγλη, the crossbar of a double rudder: Acts 27:40 (found nowhere else).†

ζῆλος

ζῆλος, -ου, ὁ and in late Gk., also -εος, τό (2 Corinthians 9:2, Philippians 3:6), [in LXX for קִנְאָה, Numbers 25:11, al.;]

zeal: 2 Corinthians 7:11 2 Corinthians 9:2; κατὰ ζῆλος, Philippians 3:6; c. gen. obj., John 2:17(LXX), Romans 10:2; seq. ὑπέρ, 2 Corinthians 7:7; c. gen. subj., θεοῦ, 2 Corinthians 11:2; πυρός, Hebrews 10:27 (cf. Isaiah 26:11, Wi 5:18, and cf. Westc., in l.).

jealousy: Romans 13:13, 1 Corinthians 3:3, 2 Corinthians 12:20, Galatians 5:20 (WH, txt, RV), James 3:14, James 3:16; πλησθῆναι ζήλου Acts 5:17 Acts 13:45; pl., ζῆλοι (v. B1., § 32, 6), Galatians 5:20, WH, mg.†

ζηλόω

ζηλόω, -ῶ, [in LXX chiefly for קנא pi.;]

to burn with envy or jealousy, to be jealous: absol., Acts 7:9 Acts 17:5, 1 Corinthians 13:4, James 4:2 (R, mg., cf. Mayor, in l.).

to seek or desire eagerly: c. acc. rei, 1 Corinthians 12:31 1 Corinthians 14:1, 1 Corinthians 14:39 (cf. Si 50:18, Wi 1:12); c. acc. pers., 2 Corinthians 11:2, Galatians 4:17; pass., Galatians 4:18.†

ζηλεύω

* ζηλεύω, late and rare form of ζηλόω, q.v.;

to envy, be jealous.

to be zealous: Revelation 3:19.†

ζηλωτής

ζηλωτής, -οῦ, ὁ (< ζηλόω), [in LXX for קַנָּא (θεὸς ζ.), Exodus 20:5 Exodus 34:14, Deuteronomy 4:24 Deuteronomy 5:9 Deuteronomy 6:15; קַנּוֹא, Nahum 1:2 (θεός); pl., I Es 8:72; ζ. τῶν νόμων, II Mac 4:2;τὸν ζ. Φινεές, IV Mac 18:12 (cf. Numbers 25:11)*;]

in cl. an emulator, zealous admirer (Plat., al.).

eagerly desirous, zealous;

absol., as in OT, Exodus 20:5 Exodus 34:14, Deuteronomy 4:24 Deuteronomy 5:9 Deuteronomy 6:15, Nahum 1:2, I Es 8:72;

c. gen. obj.: (zealous to acquire or to defend), 1 Corinthians 14:12, Titus 2:14, 1 Peter 3:13; τ. νομου (II Mac 4:2), Acts 21:20; παραδόσεων, Galatians 1:14; c. gen. pers., θεοῦ, Acts 22:3.

In FlJ, NT, a Zealot, member of the Jewish party so called: as surname of the Apostle Simon, Luke 6:15, Acts 1:13.†

ζημία

ζημία, -ας, ἡ, [in LXX for ענשׁ ni. and cognate forms;]

damage, loss: Acts 27:10, Acts 27:21, Philippians 3:8; opp. to κέρδος, Philippians 3:7.†

ζημόω

ζημόω, -ῶ (< ζημία), [in LXX chiefly for ענשׁ;]

to damage. Pass., to suffer loss, forfeit, lose: absol., 1 Corinthians 3:15; seq. ἐν, 2 Corinthians 7:9; c. acc. rei (v. B1., § 34, 6), τ. ψυχήν, Matthew 16:26, Mark 8:36; ἑαυτόν, Luke 9:25; τ. πάντα, Philippians 3:8.†

Ζηνᾶς

Ζηνᾶς, -ᾶ, acc. -ᾶν (contr. from Ζηνόδωρος),

Zenas: Titus 3:13.†

ζητέω

ζητέω, -ῶ, [in LXX chiefly for בּקשׁ pi., also for דּרשׁ, etc.;]

to seek, seek for: Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:8, Luke 11:9, 10; c. acc. pers., Mark 1:37, Luke 2:48, John 6:24, al.; id. seq. ἐν, Acts 9:11; c. acc. rei, Matthew 13:45, Luke 19:10; seq. ἐν, Luke 13:6, Luke 13:7; ψυχήν, of plotting against one's life (Exodus 4:19, al.), Matthew 2:20, Romans 11:3(LXX). Metaph., to seek by thinking, search after, inquire into: Mark 11:18, Luke 12:28, John 16:19; τ. θεόν, Acts 17:27.

to seek or strive after, desire: Matthew 12:46, Mark 12:12, Luke 9:9, John 5:18, Romans 10:3, al.; τ. θάνατον, Revelation 9:6; τ. βασιλείαν τ. θεοῦ, Matthew 6:33 (Dalman, Words, 121 f.); τὰ ἄνω, Colossians 3:1; εἰρήνην, 1 Peter 3:11(LXX).

to require, demand: c. acc. rei, Mark 8:12, Luke 11:29, 1 Corinthians 1:22, 2 Corinthians 13:3; seq. παρά, Mark 8:11, al.; ἵνα, 1 Corinthians 4:2 (cf. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, συν-ζητέω).

ζιζάνιον

* ζιζάνιον, -ου, τό (in Talmud זוּנִין),

zizanium (EV, tares), a kind of darnel, resembling wheat: Matthew 13:25–27, Matthew 13:29, Matthew 13:30, Matthew 13:36, Matthew 13:38, Matthew 13:40 (cf. DB, s.v. "Tares").†

Ζμύρνα

Ζμύρνα, -ης, -ἡ,

Revelation 1:11 Revelation 2:8 T, for Σμ-, q.v. (cf. Bl., § 3, 9; Mayser, 204).†

Ζοροβάβελ

Ζοροβάβελ (FlJ, Ζοροβάβηλος, -ου), ὁ, indecl. (Heb. זְרֻבָּבֶל),

Zerubbabel (1 Chronicles 3:19, al.): Matthew 1:12, Matthew 1:13, Luke 3:27.†

ζυγός

ζυγός (in cl. more freq. τὸ ζυγόν), -οῦ, ὁ (< ζεύγνυμι), [in LXX for עֹל, מֹאזְנַיִם, etc.;]

a yoke; metaph., of bondage or submission to authority: Matthew 11:29, Matthew 11:30, Acts 15:10, Galatians 5:1, 1 Timothy 6:1.

a balance: Revelation 6:5 (cf. Isaiah 40:12, al.).†

ζυμόω

ζυμόω, -ῶ (< ζύμη), [in LXX for חָמֵץ, Exodus 12:34, Exodus 12:39, Leviticus 6:17(10) Leviticus 23:17, Hosea 7:4*;]

to leaven: Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21, 1 Corinthians 5:6, Galatians 5:9.†

ζῷον

ζῷον (Rec. ζῶον, v. LS, s.v.), -ου, τό (< ζωός, alive), [in LXX for חַיָּה (chiefly) and cognate forms; freq. in Wi;]

a living creature, an animal: Revelation 4:6–9 Revelation 5:6 ff. Revelation 6:1 ff. Revelation 7:11 Revelation 14:3 Revelation 15:7 Revelation 19:4; ζῴων τ. αἷμα, Hebrews 13:11; ἄλογα ζ., 2 Peter 2:12, Jude 1:10.†

SYN.: θηρίον, in which the brutal, bestial element is emphasized, and which is never used of sacrificial animals. On the other hand, ζ. is the more comprehensive, as expressing the vital element common to the whole animal creation (v. Tr., Syn., lxxxi; Cremer, 274).

ζωή

ζωή, -ῆς, ἡ (ζάω), [in LXX chiefly for חַיִּים;]

life (in Hom., Hdt., = βίος, q.v.; later, existence, vita quâ vivimus, as distinct from βίος, vita quam vivimus; opp. to θάνατος);

of natural life: Luke 16:25, Acts 8:33, 1 Corinthians 15:19, 1 Timothy 4:8, Hebrews 7:3, James 4:14; πνεῦμα ζωῆς, Revelation 11:11; ψυχὴ ζωῆς (Genesis 1:30), Revelation 16:3; of the life of one risen from the dead, Romans 5:10, Hebrews 7:16.

Of the life of the kingdom of God, the present life of grace and the life of glory which is to follow (Dalman, Words, 156 ff.; Westc, Epp. Jo., 214 ff.; Cremer, 272 ff.): John 6:51, John 6:53, Romans 7:10 Romans 8:6, Romans 8:10, Philippians 2:16, Colossians 3:4, 2 Peter 1:3; αἰώνος (reff. supr.; DCG, i, 538a, ii, 30 f.), John 4:36 John 12:50 John 17:3, 1 John 1:2, al.; τ. φῶς τῆς ζ., John 8:12; ὁ Λόγος τ. ζ., 1 John 1:1; ὁ ἄρτος τ. ζ., John 6:35, John 6:48; δικαίωσις ζωῆς, Romans 5:18; μετάνοια εἰς ζ., Acts 11:18; ἐν αὐτῷ ζ. ἦν, John 1:4; ζ. ἡ ἐν. Χ. Ἰ., 2 Timothy 1:1; τὰ πρὸς ζωήν, 2 Peter 1:3, al.; στέφανος τῆς ζ., James 1:12, Revelation 2:10; χάρις ζωῆς (gen. expl.), 1 Peter 3:7; ζ. καὶ εἰρήνη, Romans 8:6; ζ. καὶ ἀφθαρσία, 2 Timothy 1:10; ἀνάστασις ζωῆς, John 5:29; βίβλος ζωῆς, Philippians 4:3, Revelation 3:5; ξύλον ζωῆς, Revelation 2:7; ὕδωρ ζωῆς, Revelation 22:17; meton., of that which has life: τ. πνεῦμα, Romans 8:10; ῥήματα, John 6:63; of one who gives life, John 11:25 John 14:6, 1 John 1:2; ἡ ἐντολή, John 12:50.

SYN.: v.s. βίος.

ζωγρέω

ζωγρέω, -ῶ (< ζωός, alive, + ἀγρεύω), [in LXX chiefly for חיה hi.;]

to catch alive, take captive: metaph., Luke 5:10; pass., 2 Timothy 2:26 (on the meaning and construction, v. Ellic., CGT, in l.).†

ζωογονέω

ζωογονέω, -ῶ (< ζωός, alive, γένεσθαι), [in LXX Exodus 1:17, Exodus 1:18, Exodus 1:22, Judges 8:19, 1 Samuel 2:6 1 Samuel 27:9, 1 Samuel 27:11, 1 Kings 20:31, 2 Kings 7:4 (חיה pi., hi.), Leviticus 11:47 (חַיָּה)*;]

in cl., to engender, produce alive, endue with life.

In LXX and NT, to preserve alive (DCG, ii, 606a; Cremer, 274): Luke 17:33, Acts 7:19, 1 Timothy 6:13 (EV, quickeneth; R, mg., preserveth).†

ζωοποιέω

ζωο-ποιέω, ῶ [in LXX for חיה pi., hi., Judges 21:14, 2 Kings 5:7, Nehemiah 9:6, Job 36:6, Psalms 70:20, Ecclesiastes 7:13(Ecclesiastes 7:12)*;]

in cl. (= ζωογονέω), to produce alive.

In LXX and NT, to make alive, cause to live, quicken (DCG, ii, 606a; Cremer, 275): John 5:21 John 6:53, Romans 4:17 Romans 8:11, 1 Corinthians 15:45, 2 Corinthians 3:6, Galatians 3:21. Pass., 1 Corinthians 15:22, 1 Corinthians 15:36, 1 Peter 3:18.†