ἄκρος – ἆσσον

ἄκρος

ἄκρος, -α, -ον [in LXX for קֶצַח, בֹּהֶן, etc.;]

highest, extreme; as subst., τὸ ἄ., the top, extremity: Mark 13:27, Luke 16:24, Hebrews 11:21; pl. (cf. MM, VGT, s.v.), Matthew 24:31.†

ἄλαλος

ἄ-λαλος, -ον (< λάλος, talkative), [in LXX: Psalms 31:18 (אָלַם ni.) Psalms 38:13 (אִלֵּם)*;]

dumb, speechless: Mark 7:37 Mark 9:17, Mark 9:25.†

ἄλευρον

ἄλευρον, -ου, τό (< ἀλεύω, to grind), [in LXX for קֶמַח, Numbers 5:15, al.;]

real: Matthew 13:33, Luke 13:21.†

ἄλλος

ἄλλος, -η, -ο, (cf. Lat. alius, Eng. else), [in LXX for אַחֵר ,אֶחָד, etc.;]

other, another: absol., Matthew 20:3, al.; ἄ. δέ, 1 Corinthians 3:10 1 Corinthians 12:8; pl., Mark 6:15; attached to a noun, Matthew 2:12 Matthew 4:21, al.; c. art., ὁ ἄ., the other, Matthew 5:39, John 19:32 (Bl., §47, 8); οἱ ἄ., the others, the rest, John 20:25, 1 Corinthians 14:29; ἄ. πρὸς ἄλλον = πρὸς ἀλλήλους (BL, §48, 10), Acts 2:12; ἄλλ’ (i.e. ἄλλο) ἤ (Bl., §77, 13), Luke 12:51; seq. πλήν, Mark 12:32; εἰ μή, John 6:22; παρά c. acc., 1 Corinthians 3:11.

SYN.: ἕτερος, q.v. ἄ. denotes numerical, ἕ. qualitative difference (Cremer, 89). ἄ. generally "denotes simply distinction of individuals, ἕ. involves the secondary idea of difference in kind" (v. Lft., Meyer, Ramsay, on Galatians 1:6, Galatians 1:7; Tr., Syn., §xcv; Bl., §51, 6; M, Pr., 79f., 246; MM, VGT, s.vv.). As to whether the distinction can be maintained in 1 Corinthians 12:8, 1 Corinthians 12:10 v. ICC, in l., and on Hebrews 11:35f., v. Westc, in l.

ἄλλως

ἄλλως adv. (< ἄλλος),

otherwise: 1 Timothy 5:25.†

ἄλογος

ἄ-λογος, -ον [in LXX: Exodus 6:12 (שָׂפָה עָרֵל), Numbers 6:12 (נָפַל), Job 11:12, Wi 11:15, 16, IV Mac3*;]

without reason, irrational: ζῷα, 2 Peter 2:12, Jude 1:10.

contrary to reason: Acts 25:27 (v. MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄλυπος

* ἄλυπος, -ον (< λύπη),

free from grief: Philippians 2:28.†

Ἄλφα

Ἄλφα, τό, indecl. (v.s. Α),

Alpha: Revelation 1:8 Revelation 21:6 Revelation 22:13 (v. Swete, in ll.).†

ἄμαχος

* ἄμαχος, -ον (< μάχη);

invincible (freq. in cl.).

abstaining from fighting, non-combatant (Xen.). Metaph. (cf. MM, VGT, s.v.), not contentious: 1 Timothy 3:3, Titus 3:2.†

ἄμεμπτος

ἄ-μεμπτος, -ον (< μέμφομσι), [in LXX chiefly for תָּם;]

blameless, free from fault (in π. of a marriage-contract; M, 1 Thessalonians 3:13; cf. MM, VGT, s.v.): Luke 1:6, Philippians 2:15 Philippians 3:6, 1 Thessalonians 3:13 (WH, mg., -ως) Hebrews 8:7.†

SYN.: ἄμωμος, ἀνέγκλητος, ἀνεπίλημπτος, q.v. (Tr., Syn., § ciii).

ἄμετρος

* ἄμετρος, -ον (< μέτρον),

without measure: adverbially, εἰς τὰ ἄ., excessively, 2 Corinthians 10:13 2 Corinthians 10:15†

ἄμμος

ἄμμος, -ου, ἡ, [in LXX chiefly for חוֹל;]

sand, sandy ground: Matthew 7:26, Romans 9:27, Hebrews 11:12, Revelation 18:1, Revelation 20:8.†

ἄμπελος

ἄμπελος, -ου, ἡ, [in LXX for גֶּפֶן;]

vine: Matthew 26:29, Mark 14:25, Luke 22:18 James 3:12; fig., of Christ, John 15:1, John 15:4–5; of his enemies (on the usage here, v. MM, VGT, s.v.): Revelation 14:18, Revelation 14:19.†

ἄμφοδον

ἄμφοδον, -ου, το (< ἀμφί, ὁδός), [in LXX for אַרְמְנוֹן (Jeremiah 17:27 Jeremiah 30:10 Jeremiah 49:27)*;]

prop., a road around anything (RV, the open street): Mark 11:4, Acts 19:28, WH, mg.†

ἄμωμον

* ἄμωμον, -ου, τό,

amomum, a fragrant plant of India (RV, spice): Revelation 18:13.

ἄμωμος

ἄ-μωμος, -ον (< μῶμος, q.v.), [in LXX chiefly for תָּמִים];

of sacrificial victims, without blemish: of Christ, Hebrews 9:14, 1 Peter 1:19; ethically, unblemished, faultless: Ephesians 1:4 Ephesians 5:27, Philippians 2:15, Colossians 1:22, Jude 1:24, Revelation 14:5 (Cremer, 425, 788; MM, VGT, s.v.).†

SYN.: ἀμίαντος, ἄσπιλος.

ἄν_1

ἄν, conditional particle,

which cannot usually be separately translated in English, its force depending on the constructions which contain it (see further, LS, s.v.; WM, §xlii; M, Pr., 165 ff.; MM, VGT, s.v.).

In apodosis,

c. indic, impf. or aor., expressing what would be or would have been if (εἰ c. impf., aor. or plpf.) some condition were or had been fulfilled: Luke 7:39 Luke 17:6, John 5:46, Galatians 1:10, Matthew 12:7 Matthew 24:43, 1 Corinthians 2:8, Acts 18:14, 1 John 2:19, al. The protasis is sometimes understood (as also in cl.): Matthew 25:27, Luke 19:23. In hypothetical sentences, expressing unreality, ἄν (as often in late writers, more rarely in cl.) is omitted: John 8:39 John 15:24 19:11, Romans 7:7, Galatians 4:15;

c. opt., inf., ptcp. (cl.; v. LS, s.v.; M, Int., §275; M, Pr., 167:4).

In combination with conditional, relative, temporal, and final words;

as in cl., c. subj.,

in protasis with εἰ, in Attic contr. ἐάν, q.v.;

in conditional, relative, and temporal clauses (coalescing with ὅτε, ἐπεί, etc.; v.s. ὅταν, ἐπάν, etc.), ever, soever;

c. pres., ἡνίκα, 2 Corinthians 3:15; ὃς ἄν, Romans 9:15(LXX) Romans 16:2, al.; ὅσοι ἄν, Luke 9:5; ὡς ἄν, Romans 15:24 (M, Pr., 167);

c. aor., ὃς ἄν, Matthew 5:21, Matthew 5:22, Matthew 5:31; ἕως ἄν, until, Matthew 2:13, Mark 6:10, al.; ὡς ἄν, as soon as (M, Pr., 167), 1 Corinthians 11:34, Philippians 2:23. On the freq. use of ἐάν for ἄν with the foregoing words, v.s. ἐάν;

in late Gk., when some actual fact is spoken of, c. indic.: ὅταν (q.v.); ὅπου ἄν, Mark 6:56 (M, Pr., 168); καθότι ἄν, Acts 2:45 Acts 4:35; ὡς ἄν, 1 Corinthians 12:2.

in iterative construction, c. impf. and aor. indic. (M, Pr., 167): Acts 2:45 Acts 4:35, 1 Corinthians 12:2.

c. optat., giving a potential sense to a question or wish: Acts 8:31 Acts 26:29.

Elliptical constructions: εἰ μή τι ἄν (M, Pr., 169), 1 Corinthians 7:5; ὡς ἄν, c. inf., as it were (op. cit. 167), 2 Corinthians 10:9.

ἄν_2

ἄν, contr. from ἐάν, q.v.

ἄναλος

** ἄναλος, -ον (< ἅλς), [in Aq.: Ezekiel 13:10, Ezekiel 13:11, Ezekiel 13:15 Ezekiel 22:28*;]

saltless, insipid: Mark 9:50.†

ἄνεμος

ἄνεμος, -ου, ὁ [in LXX for רוּחַ;]

wind: Matthew 11:7 Matthew 14:24, Matthew 14:30, Matthew 14:32, Mark 4:37, Mark 4:39, Mark 4:41 Mark 6:48, Mark 6:51, Luke 7:24 Luke 8:23, Luke 8:24, John 6:13, Acts 27:7, Acts 27:14, Acts 27:15, James 3:4, Revelation 6:13 Revelation 7:1; pl., Matthew 7:25, Matthew 7:27 Matthew 8:26, Matthew 8:27, Luke 8:25, Acts 27:4, Jude 1:12; οἱ τέσσαρες ἄ. τῆς γῆς, Revelation 7:1; hence the four quarters of the heavens (v. Deiss., BS, 248; MM, VGT, s.v.), Matthew 24:31, Mark 13:27; metaph., of variable teaching, Ephesians 4:14.†

SYN.: πνεῦμα, πνοή (and cf. θύελλα, λαῖλαψ).

ἄνεσις

ἄνεσις, -εως, ἡ, (< ἀνίημι), [in LXX: II Es 4:22 (שָׁלוּ), 2 Chronicles 23:15, I Es 4:62, Wi 13:13, Si 15:20 26:10*;]

a loosening, relaxation: Acts 24:23 (RV, indulgence; cf. MM, VGT, s.v.); by St. Paul, opp. to θλίψις, expressed or understood, relief: 2 Corinthians 2:12 2 Corinthians 7:5 2 Corinthians 8:13, 2 Thessalonians 1:7.†

SYN.: ἀνάπαυσις (q.v.).†

ἄνευ

ἄνευ, prep. c. gen. (rarer than χωρίς, q.v.; cf. Ellic. on Ephesians 2:12; MM, VGT, 42),

without: Matthew 10:29, 1 Peter 3:1 1 Peter 4:9.†

ἄνηθον

* ἄνηθον, -ου, τό,

anise: Matthew 23:23.†

ἄνθος

ἄνθος, -εος, τό, [in LXX for צִיץ, etc.;]

a flower: James 1:10, James 1:11, 1 Peter 1:24(LXX).†

ἄνθραξ

ἄνθραξ, -ακος, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly for גַּחֶלֶת;]

coal, charcoal: . ἄ. πυρός, a burning coal, Romans 12:20.†

ἄνθρωπος

ἄνθρωπος, -ου, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly for אָדָם, אִישׁ, also for אֱנוֹשׁ, etc.;]

man:

generically, a human being, male or female (Lat. homo): John 16:21; c. art., Matthew 4:4 Matthew 12:35, Mark 2:27, John 2:25, Romans 7:1, al; disting. from God, Matthew 19:6, John 10:33, Colossians 3:23, al.; from animals, etc., Matthew 4:19, Luke 5:10, Revelation 9:4, al.; implying human frailty and imperfection, 1 Corinthians 3:4; σοφία ἀνθρώπων, 1 Corinthians 2:5; ἀνθρώπων ἐπιθυμίαι, 1 Peter 4:2; κατὰ ἄνθρωπον περιπατεῖν, 1 Corinthians 3:3; κατὰ ἄ. λέγειν (λαλεῖν), Romans 3:5, 1 Corinthians 9:8; κατὰ ἄ- λέγειν, Galatians 3:15 (cf. 1 Corinthians 15:32, Galatians 1:11); by meton., of man's nature or condition, ὁ ἔσω (ἔξω) ἄ., Romans 7:22, Ephesians 3:16, 2 Corinthians 4:16 (cf. 1 Peter 3:4); ὁ παλαιὸς, καινὸς, νέος ἄ., Romans 6:6, Ephesians 2:15 Ephesians 4:22, Ephesians 4:24, Colossians 3:9, Colossians 3:10; joined with another subst., ἄ. ἔμπορος, a merchant, Matthew 13:45 (WH, txt. om. ἄ.); οἰκοδεσπότης, Matthew 13:52; βασιλεύς, Matthew 18:23; φάγος, Matthew 11:19; with name of nation, Κυρηναῖος, Matthew 27:32; Ἰουδαῖος, Acts 21:39; Ῥωμαῖος, Acts 16:37; pl. οἱ ἄ., men, people: Matthew 5:13, Matthew 5:16, Mark 8:24, John 4:28; οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων, Mark 11:2, 1 Timothy 6:16.

Indef., ἄ. = τις, some one, a man: Matthew 17:14, Mark 12:1, al.; τις ἄ., Matthew 18:12, John 5:5, al.; indef. one (Fr. on), Romans 3:28, Galatians 2:16, al.; opp. to women, servants, etc., Matthew 10:36 Matthew 19:10, John 7:22, John 7:23.

Definitely, c. art., of some particular person; Matthew 12:13, Mark 3:5, al.; οὗτος ὁ ἄ., Luke 14:30; ὁ ἄ οὗτος, ἐκεῖνος, Mark 14:71, Matthew 12:45; ὁ ἄ. τ. ἀνομίας, 2 Thessalonians 2:3; ἄ τ. θεοῦ (of Heb. אֱלֹהִים אִישׁ), 1 Timothy 6:11, 2 Timothy 3:17, 2 Peter 1:21; ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀ., v.s. υἱός.

SYN.: ἀνήρ, q.v. (and cf. MM, VGT, 44; Cremer, 103, 635).

ἄνιπτος

* ἄνιπτος, -ον (ἀ. neg., νίπτω),

unwashed: Matthew 15:20, Mark 7:2 (Mark 7:5 Rec).†

Ἄννα

Ἄννα, -ας, ἡ (Heb. חָנָּה),

Anna, a prophetess: Luke 2:36.†

Ἄννας

Ἄννας, -α (FlJ, Ἄνανος, -ου), ὁ (Heb. חָנַן),

Annas, the high priest: Luke 3:2, John 18:13, John 18:24, Acts 4:6.†

ἄνοια

ἄνοια, -ας, ἡ (< ἄ-νοος, without understanding), [in LXX: Proverbs 14:8 Proverbs 22:15 (אִוֶּלֶת), Wi 15:18, al.;]

folly, foolishness: 2 Timothy 3:9; expressed in violent rage (cf. Plat., Tim., 86B): Luke 6:11.†

ἄνοιξις

* ἄνοιξις, -εως, ἡ (< ἀνοίγω),

an opening (in MGr., springtime): ἐν ἀ., as often as I open, Ephesians 6:19.†

ἄνομος

ἄ-νομος, -ον (ἀ. neg., νόμος), [in LXX for עָוֺן, פֶּשַׁע, רֶשַׁע, etc.;]

lawless, wicked: Mark 15:28, Luke 22:37, Acts 2:23, 1 Timothy 1:9, 2 Peter 2:8; ὁ ἄ., 2 Thessalonians 2:8 (= ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας, 2 Thessalonians 2:3).

without law (= οἱ μὴ ὑπὸ νόμον, Romans 2:14): 1 Corinthians 9:21 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

SYN.: v.s. ἄθεσμος.

ἄντικρυς

** ἄντικρυς (Tr. -ύς, Rec. ἀντικρύ), adv. (< ἀντί), [in LXX: Nehemiah 12:8 (לְנֶגֶד), III Mac 5:16*;]

in cl., outright; in κοινή (= cl. καταντικρύ), over against: Acts 20:15 (v. Bl., § 5, 4; 40, 7; Rutherford, NPhr., 500 f.; MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄντλημα

*† ἄντλημα, -τος, τό (< ἀντλέω),

prop., what is drawn (Diosc.);

a vessel to draw with, a bucket (Plut.; v. Abbott, Essays, 88): John 4:11.†

ἄνυδρος

ἄνυδρος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., ὕδωρ), [in LXX for צִיָּה, יְשִׁימוֹן (γῆ ἄ), etc.;]

waterless: τόποι, Matthew 12:43, Luke 11:24; πηγαί, 2 Peter 2:17; νεφέλαι, Jude 1:12 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄνω

ἄνω, adv. (< ἀνά),

up, upwards: John 11:41, Hebrews 12:15;

above (opp. to κάτω): Acts 2:19; with art. ἡ, Galatians 4:26, Philippians 3:14; τά, John 8:23, Colossians 3:1, Colossians 3:2; ἕως ἄ. (up to the brim), John 2:7 (Cremer, 106; MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄνωθεν

ἄνωθεν adv, (< ἄνω),

from above: ἀπὸ ἄ., Matthew 27:51, Mark 15:38; ἐκ τῶν ἄ., John 19:28; meaning, from heaven: John 3:31 John 19:11, James 1:17 James 3:15, James 3:17 .

from the first, from the beginning: Luke 1:3, Acts 26:5; whence

anew, again: John 3:3, John 3:7, (so most, but v. Meyer, in l.; cf. Field, Notes, 86 f.); πάλιν ἄ., Galatians 4:9 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄξιος

ἄξιος, -α, -ον (< ἄγω, in sense, to weigh), [in LXX for בֵּן (Deuteronomy 25:2), מָלֵא, שָׁוָה; freq. in Wis, II Mac;]

of weight, worth (often c. gen., cf. Proverbs 3:15 Proverbs 8:11), seq. πρός: Romans 8:18 (v. Field, Notes, 157);

befitting, meet: c. gen., Matthew 3:8, Luke 3:8 Luke 23:41, Acts 26:20, 1 Corinthians 16:4 (v. M, Pr., 216); absol., 2 Thessalonians 1:3;

of persons, worthy;

in good sense: c. gen. rei, Matthew 10:10, Luke 7:4 Luke 10:7, Acts 13:46, 1 Timothy 1:15 1 Timothy 4:9 1 Timothy 5:18 1 Timothy 6:1; c. aor. inf. (v. M, Pr., 203): Luke 15:19, Luke 15:21, Acts 13:25, Revelation 4:11 Revelation 5:2, Revelation 5:4, Revelation 5:9, Revelation 5:12; seq. ἵνα: John 1:27; ὅς, Luke 7:4; absol., but of what understood: Matthew 10:11, Matthew 10:13 Matthew 22:8, Revelation 3:4; c. gen. pers., Matthew 10:37, Matthew 10:38, Hebrews 11:38;

in bad sense; c. gen. rei, Luke 12:48 Luke 23:15, Acts 23:29 Acts 25:11, Acts 25:25 Acts 26:31, Romans 1:32; absol., Revelation 16:6 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄπειμι

ἄπ-ειμι (εἰμί, sum), [in LXX for כּחד ni., נדח ni.;]

to be absent: 1 Corinthians 5:3, 2 Corinthians 10:1, 2 Corinthians 10:11 2 Corinthians 13:2, 2 Corinthians 13:10, Philippians 1:27, Colossians 2:5.†

ἄπειμι_2

* ἄπ-ειμι (εἶμι, ibo),

to depart: Acts 17:10.†

ἄπειρος

ἄπειρος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., πεῖρα, trial), [in LXX: Numbers 14:23, Zechariah 11:15 (אֱוִילִי), Jeremiah 2:6 (עֲרָבָה)*;]

without experience of: c. gen. rei, Hebrews 5:13 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἄπιστος

ἄ-πιστος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., πιστός), [in LXX: Proverbs 17:6 Proverbs 28:25, Isaiah 17:10*;]

of things, incredible: Acts 26:8;

of persons, without faith or trust, unbelieving: Matthew 17:17, Mark 9:19, Luke 9:41 Luke 12:46, John 20:27, Titus 1:15, Revelation 21:8; specif., of unbelievers as opp. to Christians: 1 Corinthians 6:6 1 Corinthians 7:12–15 1 Corinthians 10:27 1 Corinthians 14:22–24, 2 Corinthians 4:4 2 Corinthians 6:14, 2 Corinthians 6:15, 1 Timothy 5:8 (cf. Lft., Notes, 265; Cremer, 491).†

Ἄππιος

Ἄππιος, -ου, ὁ,

Appius; Ἀππίου Φόρον, Appii Forum (Market of Appius), a town in Italy: Acts 28:15.†

ἄπταιστος

** ἄ-πταιστος, -ον (< πταίω), [in LXX: III Mac 6:39*;]

without stumbling, sure-footed: metaph. (MM, s.v.), Jude 1:24.†

ἄρα

ἄρα, illative particle, expressing a more subjective or informal inference than οὖν,

then: prop. (as in cl.), the second word in the sentence, Romans 7:21 Romans 8:1, Galatians 3:7; ἐπεὶ ἄρα, 1 Corinthians 7:14 (with another word between) 1 Corinthians 5:10; as the first word, Luke 11:48, Acts 11:18, Romans 10:17, 1 Corinthians 15:18, 2 Corinthians 5:15 2 Corinthians 7:12, Hebrews 4:9; so prop. in apodosis after protasis with εἰ, Matthew 12:28, Luke 11:20, Galatians 2:21 Galatians 3:29 Galatians 5:11, Hebrews 12:8 (κενὸν ἄρα), 1 Corinthians 15:14; often in interrogations, direct and indirect, τίς (τί) ἄρα, Matthew 18:1 Matthew 19:25, Matthew 19:27 Matthew 24:45, Mark 4:41, Luke 1:66 Luke 8:25 Luke 12:42 Luke 22:23, Acts 12:18; εἰ ἄρα, Mark 11:13, Acts 8:22; εἴπερ ἄρα, 1 Corinthians 15:15; οὐκ ἄρα, Acts 21:38; μήτι ἄρα, 2 Corinthians 1:17; in strengthened forms, ἄρα γε, ἄραγε, Matthew 7:20 Matthew 17:26, Acts 17:27, and more freq. ἄρα οὖν (Epp. Paul.), so then, Romans 5:18 Romans 7:3, Romans 7:25 Romans 8:12 Romans 9:16, Romans 9:18 Romans 14:12, Romans 14:19, Galatians 6:10, Ephesians 2:19, 1 Thessalonians 5:6, 2 Thessalonians 2:15 (Bl., § 77, 2; 78, 5; MM, s.v.).†

ἄραγε

ἄραγε, v.s. ἄρα.

ἄραφος

* ἄραφος, -ον (Rec. ἄρραφος, < ῥάπτω, to sew)

without seam: John 19:23.†

Ἄραψ

Ἄραψ, -αβος, ὁ,

an Arabian: Acts 2:11.†

ἄργυρος

ἄργυρος, -ου, ὁ (< ἀργός, shining), [in LXX for כֶּסֶף;]

silver (on its relation to ἀργύριον, v. MM, s.v.): Matthew 10:9, Acts 17:29, James 5:5, Revelation 18:12.†

Ἄρειος_Πάγος

Ἄρειος Πάγος (T, Ἄριος Π.), -ου, ὁ,

Hill of Ares or Mars, Areopagus; also, the Court of Areopagus, the highest tribunal of Athens: Acts 17:19, Acts 17:22.†

Ἄριος

Ἄριος, v.s. Ἄρειος.

ἄριστον

ἄριστον, -ου, τό, [in LXX: 1 Kings 3:1 (לֶחֶם), To 2:1, 4, al.;]

1, prop., breakfast.

In late Gk. = cl. δεῖτνον, dinner: Matthew 22:4, Luke 11:38 Luke 14:12.†

ἄρνας

ἄρνας, v.s. ἀρήν.

ἄροτρον

ἄροτρον, -ου, τό (< ἀρόω, to plough), [in LXX chiefly for אֵת;]

a plough: Luke 9:62.†

ἄρραφος

ἄρραφος, v.s. ἄραφος.

ἄρρην

ἄρρην, v.s. ἄρσην.

ἄρρητος

** ἄρρητος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., ῥητός, ῥέω), [in Sm.: Leviticus 18:23*;]

unspoken (Hom., al.).

unspeakable (Hat., al.; freq. in Inscr.; MM, s.v.): 2 Corinthians 12:4.†

ἄρρωστος

ἄρρωστος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., ῥώννυμι), [in LXX: 1 Kings 14:5Α, Malachi 1:8 (חלה), Si 7:35*;]

feeble, sickly: Matthew 14:14, Mark 6:5, Mark 6:13 Mark 16:18, 1 Corinthians 11:30.†

ἄρσην

ἄρσην (ἄρρην, T, in Romans 1:27; Rec. in Revelation 12:5, Revelation 12:13), -ενος, ὁ, ἡ, ἄρσεν, τό (old Attic for ἄρρην, v. supr.; both forms are found in π.; MM, s.v.), [in LXX chiefly for זָכָר;]

male: Matthew 19:4, Mark 10:6, Luke 2:23, Romans 1:27, Galatians 3:28, Revelation 12:5, Revelation 12:13.†

Ἄρτεμις

Ἄρτεμις, -ιδος, ἡ,

Artemis, an Asiatic goddess, to be disting. from the Gk. goddess of the same name: Acts 19:24, Acts 19:27, Acts 19:28, Acts 19:34, Acts 19:35.†

ἄρτι

ἄρτι, adv., [in LXX: Daniel 9:22 Daniel 10:11 (עַתָּה), al.;] adv., of coincidence, denoting strictly present time, as contrasted with past or future,

just, just now, this moment: Matthew 3:15 Matthew 9:18 Matthew 26:53, John 13:7, Galatians 4:20, 1 Thessalonians 3:6 (v. Lft., Notes, 44; Milligan, in l.), Revelation 12:10; opp. to past time, John 9:19, John 9:25 John 13:33, 1 Corinthians 16:7, Galatians 1:9, Galatians 1:10; to future, John 13:37 John 16:12, John 16:31, 1 Corinthians 13:12, 2 Thessalonians 2:7, 1 Peter 1:6, 1 Peter 1:8; ἄχρι τῆς ἄ. ὥρας, 1 Corinthians 4:11; ἕως ἄ., Matthew 11:12, John 2:10 John 5:17 John 16:24, 1 Corinthians 4:13 1 Corinthians 8:7 1 Corinthians 15:6, 1 John 2:9; ἀπ᾽ ἄ., v.s. ἀπάρτι (v. Rutherford, NPhr., 70 f; MM, s.v.).†

SYN.: νῦν, now, "the objective, immediate present; ἤδη, now, already, "the subjective present, with a suggested reference to some other time or to some expectation". (Thayer, 75.)

ἄρτιος

* ἄρτιος, -α, -ον,

fitted, complete: 2 Timothy 3:17 (MM, s.v.).†

ἄρτος

ἄρτος, -ου, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly for לֶחֶם;]

bread, a loaf: Matthew 4:3, Matthew 4:4, Mark 3:20, al.; ἄρτοι τ. προθέσεως, bread of the setting forth, i.e. the shewbread. Metaph., ὁ ἄ. τ. θεοῦ, τ. ζωῆς, ref. to Christ, John 6:33, John 6:35; in general, food: Matthew 6:11, al.; ἄ. φαγεῖν (Heb. אֲכֹל לֶחֶם), to eat (MM, s.v.), Luke 14:1, al.

ἄρχι-

ἄρχι- (ἄρχω),

insep. prefix, denoting high office and dignity, freq. in Alex. and Byzant. Gk. (MM, s.v.).

Ἄρχιππος

Ἄρχιππος, -ου, ὁ,

Archippus: Colossians 4:17, Philemon 1:2.†

ἄρχω

ἄρχω, [in LXX for חלל, משׁל, etc.;]

to begin.

to rule (v. DCG, ii, 538b.): c. gen., Mark 10:42, Romans 15:12. Mid., to begin: seq. ἀπό, Matthew 16:21 Matthew 20:8, Luke 14:18 Luke 23:5 Luke 24:27, Luke 24:47, John 8:9, Acts 1:22 Acts 8:35 Acts 10:37, 1 Peter 4:17; c. inf., an Aramaic pleonasm, Mark 1:45 Mark 2:23 Mark 5:17, Luke 3:8, al. (v. M, Pr., 14 f.; Dalman, Words, 27; MM, s.v.).

ἄρχων

ἄρχων, -οντος, ὁ (pres. ptcp. of ἄρχω), [in LXX for נשׂא, רֹאשׁ, שַׂר, etc.;]

a ruler, chief: Jesus, Revelation 1:5; rulers of nations, Matthew 20:25, Acts 4:26 Acts 7:35; magistrates, Acts 23:5, Romans 13:3; judges, Luke 12:58, Acts 7:27, Acts 7:35 Acts 16:19; members of the Sanhedrin, Luke 14:1 Luke 23:13, Luke 23:35 Luke 24:20, John 3:1 John 7:26, John 7:48 John 12:42, Acts 3:17 Acts 4:5, Acts 4:8 Acts 13:27 Acts 14:5; rulers of synagogues, Matthew 9:18, Matthew 9:23, Luke 8:41 Luke 18:18; οἱ ἄ. τ. αἰῶνος τούτου, 1 Corinthians 2:6, 1 Corinthians 2:8; of the devil: ἄ. τῶν δαιμονίων, Matthew 9:34 Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:15; ὁ ἄ. τοῦ κόσμου, John 12:31 John 14:30 John 16:11; ἄ. τ. ἐξουσίας τ. ἀέρος, Ephesians 2:2 (MM, s.v.; DB, iii, 838; Ext., 99 f; DCG, ii, 419; DCG, s.v. Archon).†

ἄρωμα

ἄρωμα, -τος, τό, [in LXX for בֹּשֶׂם;]

spice: Mark 16:1, Luke 23:56 Luke 24:1, John 19:40.†

ἄσβεστος

ἄ-σβεστος, -ον (< σβέννυμι), [in LXX for נפח לֹא, Job 20:26 א3 A (ἄκαυστον, א2 B)*;]

unquenched, unquenchable: πῦρ, Matthew 3:12, Mark 9:43, Luke 3:17.†

ἄσημος

ἄσημος, -ον (< σῆμα, a mark), [in LXX: Genesis 30:42 (עטף), Job 42:11, III Mac 1:3*;]

without mark (in π. of an uncircumcised boy: Deiss., BS, 153; MM, s.v.). Metaph. (MM, s.v.), unknown, obscure: litotes, οὐκ ἄ (Eur., al.), πόλις, Acts 21:39.†

ἄσιτος

* ἄσιτος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., σῖτος),

fasting, without eating (cf. MM, s.v.): Acts 27:33.†

ἄσοφος

ἄ-σοφος, -ον, [in LXX: Proverbs 9:8 א2 A*;]

unwise, foolish: Ephesians 5:15.†

ἄσπιλος

**† ἄ-σπιλος, -ον (< ἀ- neg., σπῖλος), [in Sm.: Job 15:15 (LXX, καθαρός)*;]

spotless, unstained: 1 Peter 1:19; metaph., 1 Timothy 6:14, James 1:27, 2 Peter 3:14 (for exx., v. MM, s.v.).†

SYN.: ἀμίαντος, ἄμωμος.

ἄσπονδος

* ἄσπονδος, -ον (< σπονδή, a libation);

without truce (Thuc.).

admitting of no truce, implacable (Dem., al.): 2 Timothy 3:3.†

Ἄσσος

Ἄσσος, -ου (also Ἀσσός, -οῦ), ἡ,

Assos, a city on the E. coast of Asia Minor: Acts 20:13, Acts 20:14 (v.s. ἆσσον).†

ἄστοργος

* ἄστοργος, -ον (< στοργή, family affection, love of kindred, v.s. ἀγάπη),

without natural affection: Romans 1:31, 2 Timothy 3:3 (MM, s.v.).†

ἄστρον

ἄστρον, -ου, τό, [in LXX chiefly for כּוֹכָב;]

mostly in pl. (as in cl.), the stars: Luke 21:25, Acts 27:20, Hebrews 11:12;

in sing. (Xen., al.), only of some noted star; the symbol or image of a star, Acts 7:43 (cf. ἀστήρ, and v. MM, s.v.).†

ἄτακτος

** ἄ-τακτος, -ον (< τάσσω), [in LXX: III Mac 1:19*;]

out of order, out of place (Lat. inordinatus), freq. of soldiers not keeping the ranks, or an army in disarray (cf. III Mac 1:19); hence, metaph., irregular, disorderly (v. previous word): 1 Thessalonians 5:14.†

ἄτεκνος

ἄτεκνος, -ον (< τέκνον), [in LXX: Genesis 15:2, Leviticus 20:20, Leviticus 20:21 (עֲרִירִי), Isaiah 49:21, Jeremiah 18:21 (שׁכל), Si 16:3*;]

childless: Luke 20:28, Luke 20:29.†

ἄτερ

** ἄτερ, prep., [in LXX: II Mac 12:15*;]

in cl. most freq. in poets; without, apart from: c. gen., Luke 22:6, Luke 22:35 (for exx. from π., v. MM, s.v.).†

ἄτιμος

ἄτιμος, -ον (< τιμή), [in LXX: Isaiah 3:5 (קלה ni.), Isaiah 53:3 (בּזה), Job 30:4, Job 30:8 (בְּלִי־שֵׁם), Wi5, Si1*;]

without honour, dishonoured, despised: Matthew 13:57, Mark 6:4, 1 Corinthians 4:10; comp., 1 Corinthians 12:23.†

ἄτομος

** ἄ-τομος, -ον (< τέμνω), [in Sm.: Isaiah 54:8 (MM, s.v.)*;]

indivisible; of time, ἄτομον, a moment: ἐν ἄ., 1 Corinthians 15:52.†

ἄτοπος

ἄ-τοπος, -ον (< τόπος), [in LXX: Job 4:8 Job 11:11, Proverbs 30:20 (Proverbs 24:55), al., for אָוֶן, etc.;]

out of place, not befitting.

marvellous, strange (of symptoms, Hipp.): Acts 28:6; hence, in late Greek, with ethical sense,

improper, unrighteous (so in LXX, and for exx. from π., v. M, 2 Thessalonians 3:2; MM, s.v.): Luke 23:41, Acts 25:5, 2 Thessalonians 3:2.†

ἄφαντος

* ἄφαντος, -ον (< φαίνομαι), poët. and late prose (MM, s.v.),

invisible, hidden: Luke 24:31.†

ἄφεσις

ἄφεσις, -εως, ἡ (< ἀφίημι), [in LXX for יוֹבֵל, דְּרוֹר, etc. (v. Deiss., BS, 98 ff.; MM, s.v.);]

dismissal, release: Luke 4:18.

Metaph., of sins (never in LXX), pardon, remission of penalty: ἁμαρτιῶν, Matthew 26:28, Mark 1:4, Luke 1:77 Luke 3:3 Luke 24:47, Acts 2:38 Acts 5:31 Acts 10:43 Acts 13:38 Acts 26:18, Colossians 1:14; παραπτωμάτων, Ephesians 1:7; absol., Mark 3:29, Hebrews 9:22 Hebrews 10:18 (cf. DB, ii, 56; DCG, i, 437, ii, 605; Cremer, 297 f.).†

SYN.: πάρεσις, q.v. (and cf. Tr., § xxxiii).

ἄφθαρτος

** ἄ-φθαρτος, -ον (< φθείρω), [in LXX: Wi 12:1 18:4*;]

imperishable, immortal;

of things: 1 Corinthians 9:25, 1 Peter 1:4, 1 Peter 1:23 1 Peter 3:4;

of persons: of men, 1 Corinthians 15:52; of God, Romans 1:23, 1 Timothy 1:17 (MM, s.v.).†

ἄφιξις

** ἄφ-ιξις, -εως, ἡ (< ἀφικνέομαι), [in LXX: III Mac 7:18*;]

in cl. usually, arrival; rarely, departure: Acts 20:29 (so in π., cf. MM, s.v.; M, Pr., 26, n.).†

ἄφνω

ἄφνω, adv., [in LXX for פִּתְאֹם;]

suddenly: Acts 2:2 Acts 16:26 Acts 28:6.†

ἄφρων

ἄφρων, -ον gen. -ονος (< φρήν), [in LXX for כְּסִיל, נָבָל, etc.;]

without reason, senseless, foolish, expressing "want of mental sanity and sobriety, a reckless and inconsiderate habit of mind" (Hort; cf. MM, s.v.): Luke 11:40 Luke 12:20, Romans 2:20, 1 Corinthians 15:36, 2 Corinthians 11:16 2 Corinthians 12:6, 2 Corinthians 12:11, 1 Peter 2:15; opp. to φρόνιμος, 2 Corinthians 11:19; to συνιέντες, Ephesians 2:17.†

ἄφωνος

ἄφωνος, -ον (φωνή), [in LXX: Isaiah 53:7 (אלם ni.), Wi 4:19, II Mac 3:29*;]

dumb, speechless: Acts 8:32(LXX); of idols (MM, s.v.), 1 Corinthians 12:2; of beasts, 2 Peter 2:19; τοσαῦτα γένη φωνῶν καὶ οὐδὲν ἄ.—so many kinds of voices and none voiceless, i.e. without signification, unintelligible: 1 Corinthians 14:10.†

Ἄχαζ

Ἄχαζ (WH, Ἄχας), ὁ (Heb. אָחָז),

Ahaz: Matthew 1:9.†

Ἄχας

Ἄχας, v.s. Ἄχαζ.

ἄχρηστος

ἄ-χρηστος, -ον, [in LXX: Hosea 8:8 (חֵפֶץ אַיִן), Wi 2:11, Si 16:1, al.;]

useless, unserviceable: opp. to εὔχρηστος, Philemon 1:11.†

ἄχρι

ἄχρι (and Epic ἄχρις, bef. vowel (v. MM, s.v.), Romans 11:25 T, Galatians 3:19 T, WH, mg., Hebrews 3:13);

adv., utterly (Hom.).

Prep. c. gen., until, unto, as far as;

of time: Acts 3:21 Acts 22:22, Romans 1:13 Romans 5:13, 1 Corinthians 4:11, 2 Corinthians 3:14, Galatians 4:2, Philippians 1:6; ἄ. καιροῦ, Luke 4:13, Acts 13:11; ἄ. ἧς ἡμέρας, Matthew 24:38, Luke 1:20 Luke 17:27, Acts 1:2 (τῆς ἡ. ἧς), Acts 1:22; ἄ. ταύτης τ. ἡμέρας (τ. ἡ. ταύτης), Acts 2:29 Acts 23:1 Acts 26:22; ἄ. ἡμερῶν πέντε, Acts 20:6; ἄ. αὐγῆς, Acts 20:11; ἄ. τοῦ νῦν, Romans 8:22, Philippians 1:5; ἄ. τέλους, Hebrews 6:11, Revelation 2:26;

of space: Acts 11:5 Acts 13:6 Acts 20:4 (R, txt., WH, mg.) Acts 28:15, 2 Corinthians 10:13, 2 Corinthians 10:14, Hebrews 4:12, Revelation 14:20 Revelation 18:5;

of measure or degree: ἄ. θανάτου, Acts 22:4, Revelation 2:10 Revelation 12:11.

As conj., until;

ἄχρι alone: c. subj. aor., Galatians 3:19 (ἄ. οὗ T, WH, mg.); id. without ἄν (Bl., § 65, 10), Revelation 7:3 Revelation 15:8 Revelation 20:3, Revelation 20:5; c. indic. fut., Revelation 17:17;

ἄ. οὗ (i.e. ἄ. τούτου ᾧ): c. indic. aor., Acts 7:18; impf., Acts 27:33; c. subj. aor. (Bl., ut supr.), Luke 21:24, Romans 11:25, 1 Corinthians 11:26 1 Corinthians 15:25, Galatians 3:19, T, WH, mg.; id. with ἄν, Revelation 2:25; c. indic. pres., while, Hebrews 3:13 (cf. μέχρι).†

ἄχυρον

ἄχυρον, -ον, τό, [in LXX chiefly for תֶּבֶן;]

chaff: Matthew 3:12, Luke 3:17.†

ἄψινθος

*† ἄψινθος, -ου, ἡ (also ἀψίνθιον, τό; ἀψινθία, ἡ),

wormwood: as a proper name, Revelation 8:11.†

ἄψυχος

** ἄψυχος, -ον (< ψυχή), [in LXX: Wi 13:17 14:29*;]

inanimate, lifeless: 1 Corinthians 14:7.†

Ἅβελ

Ἄβελ, (WH, Ἅ-), ὁ, indecl. (הֶבֶל),

Abel (Genesis 4:4–10): Hebrews 11:4, Hebrews 12:24; αἵμα Ἄ., Matthew 23:35, Luke 11:51.†

Ἅγαρ

Ἅγαρ (Rec. Ἄ-), ἡ, indecl. (in FlJ, Ἀγάρα, -ης, Heb. הָגָר),

Hagar (Genesis 16): Galatians 4:24–25.†

ἅγιος

ἅγιος, -α, ον (< τό ἅγός, religious awe; ἅζω, to venerate), [in LXX chiefly for קֹ֫דֶשׁ;]

primarily, dedicated to the gods, sacred (Hdt.; rare in Att., never in Hom., Hes. and Trag., who use ἁγνός), hence, holy, characteristic of God, separated to God, worthy of veneration.

Its highest application is to God himself, in his purity, majesty, and glory: Luke 1:49, John 17:11, Revelation 4:8. Hence

of things and places which have a claim to reverence as sacred to God, e.g. the Temple: Matthew 24:15, Hebrews 9:1;

of persons employed by him, as angels: 1 Thessalonians 3:13; prophets, Luke 1:70; apostles, Ephesians 3:5.

Applied to persons as separated to God's service:

of Christ, Mark 1:24, John 6:69, Acts 4:30;

of Christians, Acts 9:13, Romans 1:7, Hebrews 6:10, Revelation 5:8.

In the moral sense of sharing God's purity: Mark 6:20, John 17:11, Acts 3:14, Revelation 3:7.

Of pure, clean sacrifices and offerings: 1 Corinthians 7:14, Ephesians 1:4.

SYN.: ἁγνός, pure, both in ceremonial and spiritual sense; ἱερός (sacer), sacred, that which is inviolable because of its (external) relation to God; ὅσιος (sanctus as opp. to nefas), that which is based on everlasting ordinances of right. (Cf. Tr., Syn., §lxxxviii; DB, ii, 399 f.; Cremer, 34, 594-601; MM, VGT, s.v.)

ᾅδης

ᾅδης, -ου, ὁ [in LXX ehiefly for שְׁאוֹל, also for דּוּמָה, מָוֶת, etc.;]

in Hom., Hades (Pluto), the god of the underworld.

the abode of Hades, the underivorld; in NT, the abode of departed spirits, Hades: ἐν τ. ᾅ., Luke 16:23; εἰς ᾅ., Acts 2:27, Acts 2:31; πύλαι ᾅδου, Matthew 16:18; κλεῖς τοῦ ᾅ., Revelation 1:18; metaph., ἕως ᾅ., Matthew 11:23, Luke 10:15; personified, Revelation 6:8 Revelation 20:13, Revelation 20:14 (Cremer, 67, 610; MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἅλας

ἅλας (T, ἅλα), -ατος, τό, late form of cl. ἅλς, -ος, ὁ (MM, VGT, s.v.), [in LXX chiefly for מְלַח ;]

salt, lit, and fig.: Matthew 5:13, Mark 9:50 Luke 14:34; like cl. ἅλες, wit, of wisdom and grace in speech: Colossians 4:6.†

ἅλλομαι

ἅλλομαι [in LXX for צָלַח, דָּלַג pi., etc.;]

to leap: Acts 3:8 Acts 14:10; of water, to spring up, John 4:14 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἅλς

ἅλς, ἁλός, ὁ,

variant for ἅλας (q.v.): Mark 9:49, Rec. WH, mg., R, mg.†

ἅλυσις

** ἅλυσις, -εως, ἡ, [in LXX: Wi 17:17*;]

a chain, bond: Mark 5:3, Mark 5:4, Luke 8:29, Acts 12:6, Acts 12:7 Acts 21:33 Acts 28:20, Ephesians 6:20, 2 Timothy 1:16, Revelation 20:1.†

ἅλων

ἅλων, -ωνος (for Attic ἅλως, -ω, v. MM, VGT, s.v.), ἡ, [in LXX chiefly for גֹּרֶן;]

a threshing floor: Matthew 3:12, Luke 3:17 (here prob. by meton. = the grain on the threshing floor).†

ἅλωσις

ἅλωσις, -εως, ἡ (< ἁλίσκομαι), [in LXX: Jeremiah 50:46 (תּפשׂ ni.)*;]

a taking, capture: 2 Peter 2:12.†

ἅμα

ἅμα adv.,

at once (Lat. simul): Acts 24:26 Acts 27:40, Romans 3:12 (one and all = יַחַד, Psalms 14:3), Colossians 4:3, 1 Timothy 5:13, Philemon 1:22; seq. σύν, 1 Thessalonians 4:17 1 Thessalonians 5:10; as prep. c. dat., together with: Matthew 13:29 (v. MM, VGT, s.v.); also, c. adv., ἅ. πρωΐ (cl., ἅ. ἕω, etc.), early in the morning: Matthew 20:1.†

ἅπαξ

ἅπαξ, adv., [in LXX for אֶחָד, פַּעַם;]

once: 2 Corinthians 11:25, Hebrews 9:26, Hebrews 9:27; ἔτι ἅ., Hebrews 12:26, Hebrews 12:27; ἅ. τ. ἐνιαυτοῦ, Hebrews 9:7; καί ἅ. κ. δίς, twice: Philippians 4:16, 1 Thessalonians 2:18;

once for all: Hebrews 6:4 Hebrews 9:28 Hebrews 10:2, 1 Peter 3:18, Jude 1:3, Jude 1:5 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἅπας

ἅπας, -ασα, -αν (strengthened form of πᾶς, v.s. ἅ-),

all, the whole, altogether: bef. subst. with art., as Luke 3:21; or after, as Mark 16:15; absol., in masc., as Luke 5:26; in neut., as Acts 2:44; ἅ. οὗτοι, Acts 2:7 (LT); ἅ. ὑμεῖς, Galatians 3:28 (TTr.). Most freq. in Lk, Ac (v. MM, VG, s.v.).

ἅπτω

ἅπτω, [in LXX chiefly for נגע;]

prop., to fasten to; hence, of fire, to kindle, light: Luke 8:16 Luke 11:33 Luke 15:8, Acts 28:2. Mid., c. gen., to fasten oneself to, cling to, lay hold of (so in π.; MM, s.v.): Matthew 8:3, Matthew 8:15, John 20:17, al.; of carnal intercourse, 1 Corinthians 7:1; with reference to levitical and ceremonial prohibitions, 2 Corinthians 6:17, Colossians 2:21; of hostile action, 1 John 5:18 (cf. ἀν-, καθ-, περι- άπτω).

SYN.: θιγγάνω, ψηλαφάω. ἅ. is the stronger, θ., to touch, the lighter term. ψ. is to feel, as in search of something (Tr., Syn., § xvii; Lft., Col., 201 f.).

Ἅρ

Ἅρ indecl., Revelation 16:16, v.s., Ἁρμαγεδών.

ἅρκος

ἄρκος (Rec. (cl.) ἅρκιος), [in LXX for דֹּב;] -ου, ὁ, ἡ,

a bear: Revelation 13:2. (This form is also found in late Inscr.; MM, s.v.)†

ἅρμα

ἅρμα, -τος, τό (< ἀραρίσκω, to join), [in LXX רכב ;]

a chariot: Acts 8:28, Acts 8:29, Acts 8:38, Revelation 9:9.†

ἅρπαξ

ἅρπαξ, -αγος, ὁ, ἡ (< ἁρπάζω), [in LXX: Genesis 49:27 (טרף)*;]

rapacious: Matthew 7:15, Luke 18:11; as subst., a swindler, an extortioner (MM, s.v.), 1 Corinthians 5:10, 1 Corinthians 5:11 1 Corinthians 6:10.†

ἆράγε

ἆράγε, v.s. ἆρα.

ἆρα

ἆρα, interrog. particle, implying anxiety or impatience, "quite rare and only in Luke and Paul, therefore a literary word" (Bl., §77, 2).

(num igitur) expecting a neg. reply, Luke 18:8; ἆρά γε, Acts 8:30.

(ergone) in apodosis, expecting an affirm. reply, Galatians 2:17 (Bl., §77, 2; Lft., Ga., in l.; MM, s.v.).†

ἆσσον

* ἆσσον (Rec., after Vg., Ἄσσον), adv. (compar. of ἄγχι, near),

nearer: Acts 27:13 (RV, close in shore; v. Bl., § 11, 3; 44, 3; poets, Ion, and late prose).†